| 741. |
- Tan, Tianwei, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-linked agarose for separation of low molecular weight natural products in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768. ; 5:5, s. 505-510
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following its market introduction in 1982, the cross-linked 12% agarose gel media Superose 12 has become widely known as a tool for size exclusion chromatography of proteins and other biological macromolecules. In this review it is shown that, when appropriate mobile phases are used, Superose possesses adsorption properties similar to that of traditional media for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). This is illustrated by the separation and purification of low molecular weight compounds such as polyphenols including active components of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and green tea. Structural features of the cross-linked agarose that likely cause the observed adsorption effects are discussed aswell. These are identified as being primarily ether bonds acting as strong hydrogen bond acceptors as well as hydrophobic residues originating from the cross-linking reagents.
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| 742. |
- Theorell-Haglow, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between Short Sleep Duration and Central Obesity in Women
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sleep. - 0161-8105 .- 1550-9109. ; 33:5, s. 593-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Objectives: The aim was to assess associations between sleep duration, sleep stages, and central obesity in women. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: City of Uppsala, Sweden. Participants: Population-based sample of 400 women (range 20-70 years). Interventions: Full-night polysomnography and measurement of anthropometric variables. Measurements and Results: Sleep duration was inversely related to both waist circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter. Sleep duration remained inversely related to waist circumference (adj. beta = -1.22 cm/h; P = 0.016) and sagittal abdominal diameter (adj. beta = -0.46 cm/h; P = 0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders. Duration of slow wave sleep (SWS, adj. beta = -0.058 cm/min; P = 0.025) and REM sleep (adj. beta = -0.062 cm/min; P = 0.002) were both inversely related to waist circumference after adjustments. Moreover, duration of REM sleep was inversely related to sagittal abdominal diameter (adj. beta = -0.021 cm/min; P < 0.0001). These associations were stronger in young women (age < 50 years). Conclusion: An inverse relationship between short sleep duration and central obesity was found in women after adjusting for confounders. Loss of SWS and REM sleep may be important factors in the association between sleep loss and central obesity.
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| 743. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between short sleep duration and central obesity in women
- 2010
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Ingår i: Sleep. - 0161-8105 .- 1550-9109. ; 33:5, s. 593-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Central obesity is closely related to morbidity. Finding potentially modifiable risk factors is important. The aim was to assess associations between sleep duration and central obesity in women. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional sample of 400 women (range 20-70 years) in Uppsala, Sweden was investigated by full-night polysomnography and measurement of anthropometric variables. Results: Sleep duration was inversely related to both waist circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter. A mean difference of 9 cm in waist circumference (p<0.0001) and 3 cm in sagittal abdominal diameter (p<0.0001) was observed between women sleeping <5 hours and women sleeping ≥8 hours. Sleep duration remained inversely related to waist circumference (adj. β= -1.22 cm/h; p=0.0023) and sagittal abdominal diameter (adj. β= -0.46 cm/h; p=0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders. Duration of slow-wave sleep (SWS, adj. β= -0.58 cm/min; p=0.025) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (adj. β= -0.62 cm/min; p=0.002) were both inversely related to waist circumference. Moreover, duration of REM sleep was inversely related to sagittal abdominal diameter (adj. β= -0.021 cm/min; p<0.0001). These associations were stronger in young women (age <50 years). Conclusion: An inverse relationship between short sleep duration and central obesity was found in women after adjusting for confounders. Loss of SWS and REM sleep may be contributing factors to the development of central obesity. By increasing the duration and quality of sleep, central obesity in women may be reduced.
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| 744. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in females
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 31:5, s. 1054-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to assess associations between obstructive sleep apnoea and insulin sensitivity in a population-based sample of females. In total, 400 females aged 20-70 yrs underwent a full-night polysomnography, fasting blood sampling, measurement of anthropometric variables and oral glucose tolerance test with measurement of the insulin response (n = 358). The apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) was calculated from the results of the polysomnography. From the results of the oral glucose tolerance test, an insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Females with an AHI < 5 (n = 119) had a mean+/-SD ISI of 8.3+/-3.8, whereas females with an AHI > or = 30 (n = 34) had an ISI of 6.2+/-4.0. Nocturnal minimal saturation was independently associated with decreased insulin sensitivity when controlling for age, waist/hip ratio, level of physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.004-0.14). When adjusting for confounders, the AHI was associated with increased fasting and 2-h insulin levels (95% CI 0.14-0.99 and 95% CI 0.28-6.47, respectively). Obstructive sleep apnoea was found to be independently associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in the present population-based sample of females.
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| 745. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Sex differences in reported and objectively measured sleep in COPD
- 2016
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - 1176-9106 .- 1178-2005. ; 11, s. 151-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim was to assess and compare reported sleep disturbances and objectively measured sleep in men and women with COPD compared with controls and also explore sex differences. Methods: A total of 96 patients with COPD and 90 age-and sex-matched controls answered a sleep questionnaire, underwent ambulatory polysomnography, a post-bronchodilatory spirometry, and blood sampling. Results: Of the patients with COPD, 51% reported sleep disturbances as compared with 31% in controls (P= 0.008). Sleep disturbances were significantly more prevalent in males with COPD compared with controls, whereas there was no significant difference in females. The use of hypnotics was more common among patients with COPD compared with controls, both in men (15% vs 0%, P= 0.009) and women (36% vs 16%, P= 0.03). The men with COPD had significantly longer recorded sleep latency than the male control group (23 vs 9.3 minutes, P<0.001), while no corresponding difference was found in women. In men with COPD, those with reported sleep disturbances had lower forced vital capacity, higher C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, and higher prevalence of chronic bronchitis. Conclusion: The COPD was associated with impaired sleep in men while the association was less clear in women. This was also confirmed by recorded longer sleep latency in male subjects with COPD compared with controls.
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| 746. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, 1976-
(författare)
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Sleep and Sleep-disordered Breathing in Women : Associations with Daytime Symptoms and Metabolism
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by snoring, apneas and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Although commonly present in OSA, factors relating to daytime sleepiness are not fully elucidated. OSA is associated with obesity and with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome. In this population-based study 7,051 women answered a questionnaire on sleep and health. Psychological distress, insomnia and somatic disease were the factors most strongly related to both EDS and fatigue independent of other factors. Snoring was independently associated with both EDS and fatigue, but the associations were relatively weak. In addition, 400 of the women underwent polysomnography and an oral glucose tolerance test. OSA was associated with changes in glucose metabolism independently of confounders such as central obesity. Moreover, low minimal saturation was independently associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. In women sleeping <6-7 hours there was a substantial increase in waist circumference and short sleep duration remained associated with central obesity, even after adjusting for body mass index (BMI). The most pronounced negative influence of short sleep duration and also reduced duration of slow-wave sleep (SWS) or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was seen in women <50 years. All measures of OSA were related to the metabolic syndrome after adjustments. In addition, the relationship remained after adjusting for central or general obesity. Hypoxia was independently associated with hypertriglyceridemia, even after adjusting for BMI. In conclusion, OSA may have significant impact on insulin sensitivity and metabolism in women, and the relationship could, to some extent, be mediated through hypoxia. Moreover, reduced sleep duration and loss of SWS and REM sleep may influence central obesity; a strong risk factor for OSA. Daytime sleepiness was most strongly related to psychological distress, insomnia and somatic disease although snoring was also a risk factor. This finding indicates that sleep apnea is only one factor contributing to daytime sleepiness in women.
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| 747. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep duration and central obesity in women : Differences between short sleepers and long sleepers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 13:8, s. 1079-1085
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess characteristics of short sleepers and long sleepers and to assess association between sleep duration and central obesity in a population-based sample of women. Method: Non-pregnant women >= 20 years that were randomly selected from the population-registry of Uppsala, Sweden, answered a questionnaire (n =6461) including questions on sleeping habits and somatic disorders. Results: There was a U-shaped association between sleep duration and waist circumference. Short sleeping women (<5 h) had a waist circumference of 89.2 +/- 14.9 cm (mean +/- SD) decreasing to 82.9 +/- 11.9 cm for women sleeping 7-<8 h and increasing to 89.0 +/- 16.7 cm for women sleeping >= 10 h. Both short sleepers and long sleepers were more often physically inactive, smokers, ill or taking medication, and psychologically distressed than normal sleepers (6-<9 h). In women <50 years both short and long sleep duration were risk factors for central obesity. Short sleep duration remained a risk factor for central obesity, whereas the association with long sleep duration did not reach statistical significance after adjustments. Conclusions: Short sleepers and long sleepers showed differences in characteristics compared to normal sleepers. Furthermore, we showed an independent association between short sleep duration and central obesity, which was strongest in younger women. It is important to identify short sleepers, especially in younger women.
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| 748. |
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| 749. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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The role of obstructive sleep apnea in metabolic syndrome : A population-based study in women
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 12:4, s. 329-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to assess associations between obstructive sleep apnea (USA) and metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of women. Methods: Four hundred women aged 20-70 years underwent a full-night polysomnography, fasting blood sampling and measurement of anthropometric variables. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria. Results: The NCEP criteria of metabolic syndrome were fulfilled by 104 (26.0%) of the women. The frequency of metabolic syndrome increased from 10.5% in women with apnea-hypopnea-index (AHI) < 5 to 57.1% in women with AHI >= 30 (p for trend < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, the severity of USA measured as AHI, ODI (oxygen desaturation index), minimal saturation or T-90 (percentage of time during night with saturation < 90%) were associated with metabolic syndrome after adjustment for age, level of physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption. AHI (adj. OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.11-1.91), ODI (1.37; 1.09-1.73) and minimal saturation level (0.93; 0.87-0.99) remained significantly associated with metabolic syndrome also when adjusting for the waist-to-hip-ratio. The three markers of USA were independently associated with central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL cholesterol concentration. Conclusion: Measures of USA were closely associated with metabolic syndrome and its components in this population-based sample of women also after adjustments. Therefore, when the health consequences of sleep-disordered breathing are investigated it is important to consider metabolic syndrome. Sleep-disordered breathing should also be considered when treating patients with metabolic syndrome.
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| 750. |
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