| 1401. |
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| 1402. |
- Mårtensson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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White matter microstructure predicts foreign language learning in army interpreters
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bilingualism. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1366-7289 .- 1469-1841. ; 23:4, s. 763-771
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adult foreign language acquisition is challenging, and the degree of success varies among individuals. Anatomical differences in brain structure prior to training can partly explain why some learn more than others. We followed a sample of conscript interpreters undergoing intense language training to study learning-related changes in white-matter microstructure (FA, MD, RD and AD) and associations between differences in brain structure prior to training with acquired language proficiency. No evidence for changes in white matter microstructure relative to a control group was found. Starting values of RD, AD and MD were positively related to final test scores of language proficiency, corroborating earlier findings in the field and highlighting the need for further study of how initial brain structure influences and interacts with learning outcomes.
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| 1403. |
- Mäkeler, Hendrik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Harald Nilsson hedersdoktor i Uppsala
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nordisk Numismatisk Unions Medlemsblad. - Köpenhamn : Nordisk Numismatisk Union. ; :1, s. 33-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 1404. |
- Mälarstig, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of circulating plasma proteins in breast cancer using Mendelian randomisation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer may complement population screening approaches to enable earlier and more precise treatment. The blood proteome is an important source for biomarker discovery but so far, few proteins have been identified with breast cancer risk. Here, we measure 2929 unique proteins in plasma from 598 women selected from the Karolinska Mammography Project to explore the association between protein levels, clinical characteristics, and gene variants, and to identify proteins with a causal role in breast cancer. We present 812 cis-acting protein quantitative trait loci for 737 proteins which are used as instruments in Mendelian randomisation analyses of breast cancer risk. Of those, we present five proteins (CD160, DNPH1, LAYN, LRRC37A2 and TLR1) that show a potential causal role in breast cancer risk with confirmatory results in independent cohorts. Our study suggests that these proteins should be further explored as biomarkers and potential drug targets in breast cancer.
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| 1405. |
- Möller, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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New analytical model of inelastic local flange buckling
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of constructional steel research. - 0143-974X .- 1873-5983. ; 43:1-3, s. 43-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with analytical modelling of inelastic local flange buckling of compressed I-beam flanges. A short discussion of the relevance of different constitutive models for the inelastic material behaviour is carried out. It is claimed that what is known as the `plastic buckling paradox' is not at all a paradox but a result of improper use of plasticity theory. An analytical model for the inelastic local buckling of an I-beam flange is proposed. The model considers the buckling process as being composed of two pans. The first is associated with inelastic torsional buckling of a compressed flange and the second part corresponds to a yield line plate buckling configuration which includes the effect of stress redistribution due to large deformations. The transition between these phases is left out in the model. The model is capable of predicting approximately the force-deformation relation of a locally buckling stocky flange for different stress-strain relations. The model is evaluated against experiments and the agreement is found quite reasonable.
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| 1406. |
- Mörén, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the serum metabolome following radiation treatment in patients with high-grade gliomas
- 2016
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Ingår i: Radiation Oncology. - : BioMed Central. - 1748-717X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Glioblastomas progress rapidly making response evaluation using MRI insufficient since treatment effects are not detectable until months after initiation of treatment. Thus, there is a strong need for supplementary biomarkers that could provide reliable and early assessment of treatment efficacy. Analysis of alterations in the metabolome may be a source for identification of new biomarker patterns harboring predictive information. Ideally, the biomarkers should be found within an easily accessible compartment such as the blood. Method: Using gas-chromatographic-time-of-flight-mass spectroscopy we have analyzed serum samples from 11 patients with glioblastoma during the initial phase of radiotherapy. Fasting serum samples were collected at admittance, on the same day as, but before first treatment and in the morning after the second and fifth dose of radiation. The acquired data was analyzed and evaluated by chemometrics based bioinformatics methods. Our findings were compared and discussed in relation to previous data from microdialysis in tumor tissue, i.e. the extracellular compartment, from the same patients. Results: We found a significant change in metabolite pattern in serum comparing samples taken before radiotherapy to samples taken during early radiotherapy. In all, 68 metabolites were lowered in concentration following treatment while 16 metabolites were elevated in concentration. All detected and identified amino acids and fatty acids together with myo-inositol, creatinine, and urea were among the metabolites that decreased in concentration during treatment, while citric acid was among the metabolites that increased in concentration. Furthermore, when comparing results from the serum analysis with findings in tumor extracellular fluid we found a common change in metabolite patterns in both compartments on an individual patient level. On an individual metabolite level similar changes in ornithine, tyrosine and urea were detected. However, in serum, glutamine and glutamate were lowered after treatment while being elevated in the tumor extracellular fluid. Conclusion: Cross-validated multivariate statistical models verified that the serum metabolome was significantly changed in relation to radiation in a similar pattern to earlier findings in tumor tissue. However, all individual changes in tissue did not translate into changes in serum. Our study indicates that serum metabolomics could be of value to investigate as a potential marker for assessing early response to radiotherapy in malignant glioma.
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| 1407. |
- Mörén, Lina, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolomic profiling of tumor tissue and serum in glioma patients reveals diagnostic and prognostic information
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuro-Oncology. - : Oxford University Press. - 1522-8517 .- 1523-5866. ; 14:Suppl. 6, s. 96-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- High-grade glioma is the most common brain tumor in adults, and the prognosis for patients diagnosed with this type of cancer is still poor. The biological behavior of the tumors is correlated to the classification and the World Health Organization (WHO) grading system, in which the grading reflects the increased aggressiveness. The classification system has been developed and improved over the years, but there are still problems with possible clinical implications. The histological features are not always easy to interpret, and diagnosis relies partly on personal experience of the neuropathologist. The most important component in the classification is the correlation between tumor grade and prognosis; however, the clinical reality shows a large variation in the survival of patients with glioblastomas and low-grade gliomas. Thus, there is a need for biomarkers to obtain a more reliable classification of glioma tumors and also prognostic markers. We have performed a metabolomic profiling study of 81 tissue samples and 96 corresponding serum samples from patients with different glioma diagnoses (glioblastoma or oligodendroglioma) and grades (WHO grades II, IIIs and IV). The samples were analyzed by a global screening strategy using gas chromatography/time of flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOFMS). The acquired data were analyzed and evaluated by chemometrics-based bioinformatics methods in search for metabolite patterns of clinical relevance. We found metabolite patterns in both tissue and serum that distinguished glioblastomas from oligodendrogliomas and oligodendroglioma grade II from oligodendroglioma grade III. Interestingly, we also found metabolites elevated (eg, glycerol-3-phoshate, myo-inositol, ribitol, and fructose) and decreased (eg, octadecanoic acid and maltose) in glioblastoma patients that were associated with long survival (>3 years). Metabolite patterns associated with survival were also found in patients diagnosed with oligodendroglioma. These findings indicate that metabolomic profiling of glioma tissue and serum may be a valuable tool in future characterization of malignant glioma.
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| 1408. |
- Mörén, Lina, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolomic screening of tumor tissue and serum in glioma patients reveals diagnostic and prognostic information
- 2015
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI. - 2218-1989. ; 5:3, s. 502-520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioma grading and classification, today based on histological features, is not always easy to interpret and diagnosis partly relies on the personal experience of the neuropathologists. The most important feature of the classification is the aimed correlation between tumor grade and prognosis. However, in the clinical reality, large variations exist in the survival of patients concerning both glioblastomas and low-grade gliomas. Thus, there is a need for biomarkers for a more reliable classification of glioma tumors as well as for prognosis. We analyzed relative metabolite concentrations in serum samples from 96 fasting glioma patients and 81 corresponding tumor samples with different diagnosis (glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma) and grade (World Health Organization (WHO) grade II, III and IV) using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS). The acquired data was analyzed and evaluated by pattern recognition based on chemometric bioinformatics tools. We detected feature patterns in the metabolomics data in both tumor and serum that distinguished glioblastomas from oligodendrogliomas (p(tumor) = 2.46 × 10(-8), p(serum) = 1.3 × 10(-5)) and oligodendroglioma grade II from oligodendroglioma grade III (p(tumor) = 0.01, p(serum) = 0.0008). Interestingly, we also found patterns in both tumor and serum with individual metabolite features that were both elevated and decreased in patients that lived long after being diagnosed with glioblastoma compared to those who died shortly after diagnosis (p(tum)(o)(r) = 0.006, p(serum) = 0.004; AUROCC(tumor) = 0.846 (0.647-1.000), AUROCC(serum) = 0.958 (0.870-1.000)). Metabolic patterns could also distinguish long and short survival in patients diagnosed with oligodendroglioma (p(tumor) = 0.01, p(serum) = 0.001; AUROCC(tumor) = 1 (1.000-1.000), AUROCC(serum) = 1 (1.000-1.000)). In summary, we found different metabolic feature patterns in tumor tissue and serum for glioma diagnosis, grade and survival, which indicates that, following further verification, metabolomic profiling of glioma tissue as well as serum may be a valuable tool in the search for latent biomarkers for future characterization of malignant glioma.
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| 1409. |
- Nedumkandathil, Reji, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen Induced Structure and Property Changes in Eu3Si4
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hydrides Eu3Si4H2+x were obtained by exposing the Zintl phase Eu3Si4 to a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 30 bar and temperatures from 25 to 300 °C. Structural analysis using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data suggested that hydrogenations in a temperature range 25 – 200 ºC afford a uniform hydride phase with an orthorhombic structure (Immm, a ≈ 4.40 Å, b ≈ 3.97 Å, c ≈ 19.8 Å), whereas at 300 ºC mixtures of two orthorhombic phases with c ≈ 19.86 and ≈19.58 Å were obtained. The assignment of a composition Eu3Si4H2+x is based on first principles DFT calculations, which indicated a distinct crystallographic site for H to be occupied in the Eu3Si4 structure. In this position, H atoms are coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Eu atoms. The resulting hydride Eu3Si4H2 is stable by -0.46 eV/H atom with respect to Eu3Si4 and gaseous H2. Deviations between the lattice parameters of the DFT optimized Eu3Si4H2 structure and the ones extracted from PXRD patterns point to the presence of additional H in interstitials also involving Si atoms. Subsequent DFT modeling of compositions Eu3Si4H3 and Eu3Si4H4 showed considerably better agreement to the experimental unit cell volumes. However, the ordered monoclinic model structures do not provide a good match to the experimental, orthorhombic, PXRD patterns. It was then concluded that the hydrides of Eu3Si4 have a composition Eu3Si4H2+x (x < 2) and are disordered with respect to H in Si2Eu3 interstitials. Hydrides Eu3Si4H2+x decompose at temperatures above 300 °C in a dynamic vacuum into unidentified products. Thus the hydrogenation of Eu3Si4H2+x is not reversible. From magnetic measurements the Curie-Weiss constant and effective magnetic moment of Eu3Si4H2+x were obtained. The former indicates antiferromagnetic interactions, the latter attains a value of ~8 mB which is typical for compounds containing Eu2+ 4f7 ions.
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| 1410. |
- Nedumkandathil, Reji, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogenation induced structure and property changes in GdGa
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 239, s. 184-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrides GdGaH were obtained by exposing the Zintl phase GdGa with the CrB structure to a hydrogen atmosphere at pressures from 1.5 to 50 bar and temperatures from 50 to 500 degrees C. Structural analysis by powder X-ray diffraction suggests that conditions with hydrogen pressures in a range between 15 and 50 bar and temperatures below 500 degrees C afford a uniform hydride phase with the NdGaH1.66 structure (Cmcm, a=3.9867(7) angstrom, b=12.024(2) angstrom, c=4.1009(6) angstrom) which hosts H in two distinct positions, H1 and H2. H1 is coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Gd atoms, whereas H2 atoms are inserted between Ga atoms. The assignment of the NdGaH1.66 structure is corroborated by first principles DFT calculations. Modeling of phase and structure stability as a function of composition resulted in excellent agreement with experimental lattice parameters when x=1.66 and revealed the presence of five-atom moieties Ga-H2-Ga-H2-Ga in GdGaH1.66. From in situ powder X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation it was established that hydrogenation at temperatures above 200 degrees C affords a hydride with x approximate to 1.3, which is stable up to 500 degrees C, and that additional H absorption, yielding GdGaH1.66, takes place at lower temperatures. Consequently, GdGaH1.66 desorbs H above T=200 degrees C. Without the presence of hydrogen, hydrides GdGaHx decompose at temperatures above 300 degrees C into GdH2 and an unidentified Gd-Ga intermetallics. Thus the hydrogenation of GdGa is not reversible. From magnetic measurements the Curie Weiss constant and effective magnetic moment of GdGaH1.66 were obtained. The former indicates antiferromagnetic interactions, the latter attains a value of similar to 8 mu B which is typical for compounds containing Gd3+ ions.
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