| 21. |
- Papale, Dario, et al.
(författare)
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Standards and Open Access are the ICOS Pillars Reply to "Comments on 'The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe'"
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007. ; 104:12, s. 953-955
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In his comment (Kowalski 2023) on our recent publication (Heiskanen et al. 2022) where we present the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) research infrastructure, Andrew Kowalski introduces three important and, in our opinion, different potential issues in the definition, collection, and availability of field measurements made by the ICOS network, and he proposes possible solutions to these issues.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Sandoval-Castellanos, Edson, et al.
(författare)
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Ancient mitogenomes from Pre-Pottery Neolithic Central Anatolia and the effects of a Late Neolithic bottleneck in sheep (Ovis aries)
- 2024
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Ingår i: SCIENCE ADVANCES. - 2375-2548. ; 10:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupied between similar to 10,300 and 9300 years ago, the Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Asikli Hoyuk in Central Anatolia went through early phases of sheep domestication. Analysis of 629 mitochondrial genomes from this and numerous sites in Anatolia, southwest Asia, Europe, and Africa produced a phylogenetic tree with excessive coalescences (nodes) around the Neolithic, a potential signature of a domestication bottleneck. This is consistent with archeological evidence of sheep management at Asikli Hoyuk which transitioned from residential stabling to open pasturing over a millennium of site occupation. However, unexpectedly, we detected high genetic diversity throughout Asikli Hoyuk's occupation rather than a bottleneck. Instead, we detected a tenfold demographic bottleneck later in the Neolithic, which caused the fixation of mitochondrial haplogroup B in southwestern Anatolia. The mitochondrial genetic makeup that emerged was carried from the core region of early Neolithic sheep management into Europe and dominates the matrilineal diversity of both its ancient and the billion-strong modern sheep populations.
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| 24. |
- Schuettpelz, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Systematics and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 1674-4918 .- 1759-6831. ; 54:6, s. 563-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phylogeny has long informed pteridophyte classification. As our ability to infer evolutionary trees has improved, classifications aimed at recognizing natural groups have become increasingly predictive and stable. Here, we provide a modern, comprehensive classification for lycophytes and ferns, down to the genus level, utilizing a community-based approach. We use monophyly as the primary criterion for the recognition of taxa, but also aim to preserve existing taxa and circumscriptions that are both widely accepted and consistent with our understanding of pteridophyte phylogeny. In total, this classification treats an estimated 11 916 species in 337 genera, 51 families, 14 orders, and two classes. This classification is not intended as the final word on lycophyte and fern taxonomy, but rather a summary statement of current hypotheses, derived from the best available data and shaped by those most familiar with the plants in question. We hope that it will serve as a resource for those wanting references to the recent literature on pteridophyte phylogeny and classification, a framework for guiding future investigations, and a stimulus to further discourse.
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| 25. |
- Siebrecht, Mathilde I., et al.
(författare)
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Magnifying the differences : Investigating variability in Dorset Paleo-Inuit organic material culture using microscopic analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bones at a Crossroads : Integrating Worked Bone Research with Archaeometry and Social Zooarchaeology - Integrating Worked Bone Research with Archaeometry and Social Zooarchaeology. - 9789464270068 - 9789464270075 - 9789464270082 ; , s. 51-72
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arctic archaeologists generally accept that Dorset Paleo-Inuit (Tuniit) (c. 800 BC-1300 AD) toolkits exhibit high levels of typological uniformity across Arctic Canada and Greenland. This understanding implies that the artifacts were likely produced according to a standardized set of practices that were somehow ÷einforced over time and shared across the isolated sites and communities inhabiting this vast region. In contrast, recent theoretical developmentsin the study of technology highlight that material culture traditions are reproduced through localized social practices, and involve both individual and community-based decisionmaking processes, which would predict a higher level of variability in local manufacture and design features. Our aim in this pilot-study is to test whether Dorset artifacts are, in fact, produced and used in highly standardized ways. We focus on two important tool types crucial to survival in the North: needles and harpoon heads. We sampled assemblages from three Dorset sites located up to 800 km from one other and dating to different Dorset culturalperiods. Our results indicate that the sets of tools were made and used in very different ways despite their outward typological similarity. This may reflect the fact that local technological traditions were being learned and practiced differently at each site, though much more work is needed to fully understand the implications of these results in terms of social learning, cultural inheritance, and inter-regional interaction patterns.
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| 26. |
- Singer, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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International Phase IV Field Study for the Reliability and Validity of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Thyroid Cancer Module EORTC QLQ-THY34.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association. - 1050-7256 .- 1557-9077. ; 33:9, s. 1078-1089
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the new European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Thyroid Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-THY34). Methods: We enrolled 437 thyroid cancer patients from 17 countries. One group (n=303), undergoing treatment or best supportive care, completed the questionnaires at three time points (before therapy [t1], 6 weeks later [t2], and 6 months after t2 [t3]). A second group (survivors ≥2 years after diagnosis, n=134) completed it at a random baseline time point and a second time 1 week later. We determined internal consistency (using Cronbach's alpha), the scale structure (with confirmatory factor analysis), and discriminant validity (using known-group comparisons). Group 1 data were used to assess responsiveness and group 2 data to determine test-retest reliability using intra-class correlations (ICC). Results: All 34 items fulfilled the criteria to be kept in the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was >0.70 in 8 of the 9 multi-item scales. All standardized factor loadings exceeded 0.40, confirming the proposed scale structure. The ICC was >0.70 in all scales expressing good test-retest reliability. Differences in scale scores between patients with different histology were >5 points in all scales. In all but one of the pre-specified scales (Dry Mouth), changes over time were ≥|4| points between at least two time points. Conclusion: The EORTC QLQ-THY34 with its 9 multi-item and 8 single-item scales is a reliable and valid tool to measure quality of life in thyroid cancer patients and can be used in future trials and studies.
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| 27. |
- Singer, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of electronic versus paper-based data capture on data collection logistics and on missing scores in thyroid cancer patients.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Endocrine. - 1559-0100. ; 84:2, s. 635-645
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the type of data capture on the time and help needed for collecting patient-reported outcomes as well as on the proportion of missing scores.In a multinational prospective study, thyroid cancer patients from 17 countries completed a validated questionnaire measuring quality of life. Electronic data capture was compared to the paper-based approach using multivariate logistic regression.A total of 437 patients were included, of whom 13% used electronic data capture. The relation between data capture and time needed was modified by the emotional functioning of the patients. Those with clinical impairments in that respect needed more time to complete the questionnaire when they used electronic data capture compared to paper and pencil (ORadj 24.0; p=0.006). This was not the case when patients had sub-threshold emotional problems (ORadj 1.9; p=0.48). The odds of having the researcher reading the questions out (instead of the patient doing this themselves) (ORadj 0.1; p=0.01) and of needing any help (ORadj 0.1; p=0.01) were lower when electronic data capture was used. The proportion of missing scores was equivalent in both groups (ORadj 0.4, p=0.42).The advantages of electronic data capture, such as real-time assessment and fewer data entry errors, may come at the price of more time required for data collection when the patients have mental health problems. As this is not uncommon in thyroid cancer, researchers need to choose the type of data capture wisely for their particular research question.
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| 28. |
- Soja, Maciej J., et al.
(författare)
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Unveiling the Complex Structure of Tasmanian Temperate Forests with Model-Based Tandem-X Tomography
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). ; 2018-July, s. 383-386
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the first results from model-based TanDEM-X tomography of a structurally complex temperate forest in Tasmania. Two tomographic profiles are shown and heights estimated using three-level model inversion are compared with similar metrics from airborne lidar scanning.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Zlatev, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding communicative intentions and semiotic vehicles by children and chimpanzees
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cognitive Development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0885-2014. ; 28:3, s. 312-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developmental and comparative studies of the ability to understand communicative intentions using object-choice tasks raise questions concerning the semiotic properties of the communicative signals, and the roles of rearing histories, language and familiarity. We adapted a study by Tomasello, Call, and Gluckman (1997), in which a “helper” indicated the location of a hidden reward to children of three ages (18, 24, and 30 months) and to four chimpanzees, by means of one of four cues: Pointing, Marker, Picture and Replica. For the chimpanzees, we controlled for familiarity by using two helpers, one unfamiliar and one highly familiar. Even 18-months performed well on Pointing and Marker, while only the oldest group clearly succeeded with Picture and Replica. Performance did not correlate with scores for the Swedish Early Communicative Development Inventory (SECDI). While there were no positive results for the chimpanzees on the group level, and no effect of familiarity, two chimpanzees succeeded on Pointing and Marker. Results support proposals of a species difference in understanding communicative intentions, but also highlight the need to distinguish these from the complexity of semiotic vehicles and to consider both factors.
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