| 11. |
- Carlsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Better Grid Integration of Distributed Generation Using Supply - Demand Matching
- 2005
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- In the future electricity grids it is expected that the share of Distributed Generation and intermittent generators will rise. Because of that the conventional top-down-approach of grid control is no longer sufficient and the need arises to find new mechanisms for balancing supply and demand of electricity.Using new developments in ICT technology ECN and EnerSearch have developed an alternative concept of balancing supply and demand of electricity, supply-demand matching. This facilitates the introduction of a large amount of small scale distributed generation (including RES) within the lower levels of the power grid.We show several scenarios that may benefit from supply-demand matching. One scenario investigates the impact of distributed supply - demand matching (SDM) in a residential area. In the scenario a cluster of 40 houses, all connected to the same low-voltage distribution grid cell (LV-cell), is simulated. The LV-cell is externally connected to a medium voltage network. Through this connection power can be obtained from and delivered to other parts of the network. The influence of the SDM has been evaluated in terms of the possibilities to improve the overall match of local demand and supply (i.e. improvement of the local match), and decrease the dependency upon externally supplied power. The added value of SDM has been evaluated in terms of financial value of the locally generated power, and in terms of compliance to user preferences.Another scenario investigates the case of a program responsible partner having intermittent production such as a wind turbine. Due to uncertainty in the power forecast financial risk is at stake when trading the power. We add different suppliers and consumers to the portfolio, who have elasticity in their load patterns, such as a CHP-installation controlling the building temperature of a cooling device controlling a cold store. We use this elasticity as a local reserve capacity to be controlled by the program responsible partner in order to overcome the uncertainty of its intermittent production.At the conference we will present the simulation results for these scenarios within the above sketched distributed power market. The case studies will show the benefits for cost effective operation of distributed energy resources (DER); reduction of power flow through substations, thus avoiding distribution and transmission cost; controlling unbalance in intermittent renewables generation such as PV or wind. To validate the results of the simulations an experiment is being prepared.
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| 12. |
- Michalowski, M. J., et al.
(författare)
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The second-closest gamma-ray burst: Sub-luminous GRB 111005A with no supernova in a super-solar metallicity environment
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 616
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the detection of the radio afterglow of a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) 111005A at 5-345 GHz, including very long baseline interferometry observations with a positional error of 0.2 mas. The afterglow position is coincident with the disc of a galaxy ESO 58049 at z = 0.01326 (∼1″ from its centre), which makes GRB 111005A the second-closest GRB known to date, after GRB 980425. The radio afterglow of GRB 111005A was an order of magnitude less luminous than those of local low-luminosity GRBs, and obviously less luminous than those of cosmological GRBs. The radio flux was approximately constant and then experienced an unusually rapid decay a month after the GRB explosion. Similarly to only two other GRBs, we did not find the associated supernovae (SNe), despite deep near- and mid-infrared observations 1-9 days after the GRB explosion, reaching ∼20 times fainter than other SNe associated with GRBs. Moreover, we measured a twice-solar metallicity for the GRB location. The low y-ray and radio luminosities, rapid decay, lack of a SN, and super-solar metallicity suggest that GRB 111005A represents a rare class of GRB that is different from typical core-collapse events. We modelled the spectral energy distribution of the GRB 111005A host finding that it is a moderately star-forming dwarf galaxy, similar to the host of GRB 980425. The existence of two local GRBs in such galaxies is still consistent with the hypothesis that the GRB rate is proportional to the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) density, but suggests that the GRB rate is biased towards low SFRs. Using the far-infrared detection of ESO 580-49, we conclude that the hosts of both GRBs 111005A and 980425 exhibit lower dust content than what would be expected from their stellar masses and optical colors.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Albusoda, A., et al.
(författare)
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A fresh look at IBS-opportunities for systems medicine approaches
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925. ; 29:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NeuroGUT is a EU-funded initial training network (ITN) of 14 research projects in neurogastroenterology that have employed an equal number of early-stage researchers. Neurogut trainees haveamong other activitiesattended an international conference on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Bologna in 2016 and were asked to critically review and evaluate the current knowledge on IBS for their respective research activities, and to state what they were missing. Most appreciated were the topics brain imaging of gut activity, the role of the gut microbiota, the pharmacology of gut functions, the IBS-IBD interrelation, the new Rome IV criteria, the role of gas, and the placebo response in functional disorders. Missed were more detailed coverage of high-resolution manometry, functional brain imaging, advanced systems medicine approaches and bioinformatics technology, better sub-classification of IBS patients, and the development of disease biomarkers, extended at the molecular (genetic/epigenetic, proteonomic) level. They summarize that despite excellent specialized research, there is a gap open that should be filled with systems medicine. For this, it would be necessary that medical research learns even more from the data sciences and other basic disciplines, for example, information technology and system biology, and also welcomes a change in paradigm that enhances open sharing of data, information, and resources.
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| 15. |
- Tauber, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Landscape of mast cell populations across organs in mice and humans
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Medicine. - : ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS. - 0022-1007 .- 1540-9538. ; 220:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident immune cells that exhibit homeostatic and neuron-associated functions. Here, we combined whole-tissue imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets to generate a pan-organ analysis of MCs in mice and humans at steady state. In mice, we identify two mutually exclusive MC populations, MrgprB2(+) connective tissue-type MCs and MrgprB2(neg) mucosal-type MCs, with specific transcriptomic core signatures. While MrgprB2(+) MCs develop in utero independently of the bone marrow, MrgprB2(neg) MCs develop after birth and are renewed by bone marrow progenitors. In humans, we unbiasedly identify seven MC subsets (MC1-7) distributed across 12 organs with different transcriptomic core signatures. MC1 are preferentially enriched in the bladder, MC2 in the lungs, and MC4, MC6, and MC7 in the skin. Conversely, MC3 and MC5 are shared by most organs but not skin. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable insights into the natural diversity of MC subtypes in both mice and humans. Combining whole-tissue imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets, Tauber et al. present a pan-organ analysis of mast cells in mice and humans at steady state, revealing an unexpected heterogeneity of mast cell populations across tissues and species.
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| 16. |
- Wagenveld, Jonah D., et al.
(författare)
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The MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey: Homogeneous continuum catalogues towards a measurement of the cosmic radio dipole
- 2023
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 673
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The number counts of homogeneous samples of radio sources are a tried and true method of probing the large-scale structure of the Universe, as most radio sources outside the Galactic plane are at cosmological distances. As such, they are expected to trace the cosmic radio dipole, an anisotropy analogous to the dipole seen in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Results have shown that although the cosmic radio dipole matches the direction of the CMB dipole, it has a significantly larger amplitude. This unexplained result challenges our assumption of the Universe being isotropic, which can have large repercussions for the current cosmological paradigm. Though significant measurements have been made, sensitivity to the radio dipole is generally hampered by systematic effects that can cause large biases in the measurement. Here we assess these systematics with data from the MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey (MALS), a blind search for absorption lines with pointings centred on bright radio sources. With the sensitivity and field of view of MeerKAT, thousands of sources are observed in each pointing, allowing for the possibility of measuring the cosmic radio dipole given enough pointings. We present the analysis of ten MALS pointings, focusing on systematic effects that could lead to an inhomogeneous catalogue. We describe the calibration and creation of full band continuum images and catalogues, producing a combined catalogue containing 16 307 sources and covering 37.5 square degrees of sky down to a sensitivity of 10 μJy beam-1. We measure the completeness, purity, and flux recovery statistics for these catalogues using simulated data. We investigate different source populations in the catalogues by looking at flux densities and spectral indices and how they might influence source counts. Using the noise characteristics of the pointings, we find global measures that can be used to correct for the incompleteness of the catalogue, producing corrected number counts down to 100-200 μJy. We show that we can homogenise the catalogues and properly account for systematic effects. We determine that we can measure the dipole to 3significance with 100 MALS pointings.
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