| 1961. |
- Sunnerud, Henrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimum receiver decision point in presence of PMD in fiber-optic communication systems
- 2003
-
Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 15:11, s. 1651-1653
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that in polarization-mode dispersion-limited fiber-optic transmission systems, an optimal fixed receiver decision point (threshold and timing) can give the same low outage probability as with an adaptively variable decision point. A comparison is made between different types of receivers.
|
|
| 1962. |
|
|
| 1963. |
- Sunnerud, Henrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Polarization-mode dispersion measurements along installed optical fibers using gated backscattered light and a polarimeter
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 18:7, s. 897-904
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe two new techniques that utilize a polarimeter for studying the state of polarization of gated Rayleigh-backscattered or Fresnel-backreflected light along optical fibers in real time on the Poincare sphere. The first method, using Rayleigh-backscattered light, is here applied to measure the accumulation of polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) along an 11.5 km section of installed fiber link. With a simplified configuration, the second technique is developed and applied for measuring the PMD of individual fiber subsections in a 37 km long link. This is achieved by using the Fresnel-reflections which arise from the fiber connectors that join the link.
|
|
| 1964. |
- Suri, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide meta-analysis of 158,000 individuals of European ancestry identifies three loci associated with chronic back pain
- 2018
-
Ingår i: PLoS Genet. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404 .- 1553-7390. ; 14:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Back pain is the #1 cause of years lived with disability worldwide, yet surprisingly little is known regarding the biology underlying this symptom. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of chronic back pain (CBP). Adults of European ancestry were included from 15 cohorts in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium, and from the UK Biobank interim data release. CBP cases were defined as those reporting back pain present for >= 3-6 months; non-cases were included as comparisons ("controls"). Each cohort conducted genotyping using commercially available arrays followed by imputation. GWAS used logistic regression models with additive genetic effects, adjusting for age, sex, study-specific covariates, and population substructure. The threshold for genome-wide significance in the fixed-effect inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis was p<5x10(-8). Suggestive (p<5x10(-7)) and genome-wide significant (p<5x10(-8)) variants were carried forward for replication or further investigation in the remaining UK Biobank participants not included in the discovery sample. The discovery sample comprised 158,025 individuals, including 29,531 CBP cases. A genome-wide significant association was found for the intronic variant rs12310519 in SOX5 (OR 1.08, p = 7.2x10(-10)). This was subsequently replicated in 283,752 UK Biobank participants not included in the discovery sample, including 50,915 cases (OR 1.06, p= 5.3x10(-11)), and exceeded genome-wide significance in joint meta-analysis (OR 1.07, p= 4.5x10(-19)). We found suggestive associations at three other loci in the discovery sample, two of which exceeded genome-wide significance in joint meta-analysis: an intergenic variant, rs7833174, located between CCDC26 and GSDMC (OR 1.05, p = 4.4x10(-13)), and an intronic variant, rs4384683, in DCC (OR 0.97, p = 2.4x10(-19)). In this first reported meta-analysis of GWAS for CBP, we identified and replicated a genetic locus associated with CBP (SOX5). We also identified 2 other loci that reached genome-wide significance in a 2-stage joint meta-analysis (CCDC26/GSDMC and DCC).
|
|
| 1965. |
- Svejme, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in forearm bone mass and bone size after menopause - A mean 24-year prospective study.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions - Jmni. - 1108-7161. ; 12:4, s. 192-198
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Bone loss and periosteal expansion is found after menopause. The accelerated early postmenopausal bone loss is not permanent but if the same accounts for the periosteal expansion is unknown. Methods: Bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal structure of the distal forearm were followed from menopause and on average 24 years (range 18-28) by single-photon absorptiometry at 12 occasions in a population-based sample of 81 Caucasian women with no medication or disease affecting bone metabolism. A Strength Index based on areal BMD and bone structure was calculated. Postmenopausal serum-estradiol levels and incident distal radius fractures were registered. Data are presented as means with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: The annual BMD loss in three periods, 0-8, 8-16 and 16-28 years after menopause, was 2.0% (1.6, 2.4), 1.0% (0.6, 1.4) and 1.0% (0.7, 1.3), respectively. The annual periosteal expansion was 1.0% (0.8, 1.3), 0.0% (-0.3, 0.3) and 0.0% (-0.2, 0.2), respectively. Mean post-menopausal oestrogen levels correlated moderately with annual loss in aBMD (r=0.51, p<0.001) but less with the annual changes in bone width (r= -0.22, p=0.06). Conclusion: Postmenopausal periosteal expansion in the distal forearm seems to occur only in the first postmenopausal decade.
|
|
| 1966. |
- Svejme, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Early menopause and risk of osteoporosis, fracture and mortality: a 34-year prospective observational study in 390 women.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. - : Wiley. - 1471-0528 .- 1470-0328. ; 119:7, s. 810-816
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: A prospective evaluation of the long-term effects of early menopause on mortality, risk of fragility fracture and osteoporosis. Design: Prospective population-based observational study. Setting Malmö, Sweden. Population A total of 390 white north European women aged 48 years at the start of the study. Methods: At baseline, bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by single-photon absorptiometry (SPA) in the distal forearm and menopausal status was noted. Menopause was determined according to the World Health Organization criterion of a minimum of 12 months of continuous amenorrhoea. Women were divided into early menopause (occurring before age 47 years) and late menopause (occurring at age 47 years or later). At age 77, forearm BMD was re-measured by SPA and proximal femur and lumbar spine BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The prevalence of osteoporosis was determined using the DXA data. Mortality rate and the incidence of fractures were registered up until age 82. Data are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Main outcome measures Incidence of fragility fractures, mortality, prevalence of osteoporosis at age 77. Results: Women with early menopause had a risk ratio of 1.83 (95% CI 1.22-2.74) for osteoporosis at age 77, a risk ratio of 1.68 (95% CI 1.05-2.57) for fragility fracture and a mortality risk of 1.59 (95% CI 1.04-2.36). Conclusions: Menopause before age 47 is associated with increased mortality risk and increased risk of sustaining fragility fractures and of osteoporosis at age 77.
|
|
| 1967. |
|
|
| 1968. |
- Svejme, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Low BMD is an independent predictor of fracture and early menopause of mortality in post-menopausal women - A 34-year prospective study.
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Maturitas. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4111 .- 0378-5122. ; 74:4, s. 341-345
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Identify risk factors for fragility fractures and mortality in women aged 48. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective population-based observational study on 390 white north European women aged 48 at study start. At study start, we measured bone mineral density (BMD) by single-photon absorptiometry (SPA) in the distal forearm, anthropometry by standard equipment and registered menopausal status, health and lifestyle factors. Menopause before age 47 was defined as early menopause. Incident fragility fractures and mortality were recorded until the women reached age 82. Potential risk factors for fragility fracture and mortality were evaluated with Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis. Data are presented as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals in brackets. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of fragility fractures and mortality. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, low BMD and early menopause predicted fractures. In the multivariate analysis, only BMD remained as an independent risk factor with a RR of 1.36 (1.15, 1.62) per standard deviation (SD) decrease in baseline BMD. In the univariate analysis, early menopause and smoking predicted mortality, and remained as independent risk factors in the multivariate analysis with RR 1.62 (1.09, 2.39) for early menopause and 2.16 (1.53, 3,06) for smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Low BMD at age 48 is an independent predictor for fragility fractures. The predictive ability of early menopause is at least partially attributed to other associated risk factors. Early menopause and smoking were found in this study to be independent predictors for mortality.
|
|
| 1969. |
- Svejme, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical activity reduces bone loss in the distal forearm in post-menopausal women - a 25-year prospective study.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 24:1, s. 159-165
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intervention studies have shown that high-intensity training programs with duration of 1-3 years can influence bone mass in post-menopausal women. We wanted to investigate whether moderate physical activity could be associated with reduced post-menopausal bone loss also in the long-term perspective. We evaluated changes in bone mass and bone structure by repeated single-photon absorptiometry measurements of the distal forearm in 91 moderately physically active and 21 inactive women, categorized according to information from questionnaires, from menopause and on average 25 years onwards. Data were calculated with analysis of variance and analysis of covariance tests and presented as means with 95% confidence interval. There were no group differences in bone mass or bone structure at menopause. The mean annual loss in bone mineral content was 1.2% (1.1, 1.3) in the physically active and 1.6% (1.3, 1.8) in the inactive women (after adjustment for menopausal age P = 0.02) and the mean decline in a strength index based on bone mass and bone structure was 0.7% (0.6, 0.8) in the physically active and 1.2% (0.8, 1.5) in the inactive women (P = 0.004). There were no group differences in the changes in bone structure. Physical activity is also in a long-term perspective associated with reduced post-menopausal bone loss.
|
|
| 1970. |
- Svensson, Björn, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparison of perceived diagnostic image quality in direct digital panoramic images between standard and advanced external GOP image processing
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 77:8, s. 560-565
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of the present study was to study the effect of adaptive image processing (GOP processing) on the visibility of anatomical structures in direct digital panoramic images. Material and methods: The study comprised panoramic images of 50 consecutive adult individuals aged 18-60 years. Nine dentists working with dental radiology compared the structural image quality of all standard-processed and GOP-processed panoramic images for six anatomical structures, using a six-point scale for visual grading characteristics analysis. Results: For all anatomic structures a statistically significant difference in favour of the GOP was found. Conclusions: The present study shows that it is possible to improve perceived diagnostic image quality of direct digital panoramic radiography using GOP technology compared to the manufacturers' standard processing. Manufacturers' image-processing programs can be further developed, as there is a possibility of improving the perceived diagnostic content of an image with external processing.
|
|
