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Sökning: WFRF:(Kovacs Peter)

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61.
  • Breitfeld, Jana, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic dissection of serum vaspin highlights its causal role in lipid metabolism
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Obesity. - 1930-7381. ; 31:11, s. 2862-2874
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Vaspin (visceral adipose tissue derived serine protease inhibitor, SERPINA12) is associated with obesity-related metabolic traits, but its causative role is still elusive. The role of genetics in serum vaspin variability to establish its causal relationship with metabolically relevant traits was investigated. Methods: A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for serum vaspin from six independent cohorts (N = 7446) was conducted. Potential functional variants of vaspin were included in Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess possible causal pathways between vaspin and homeostasis model assessment and lipid traits. To further validate the MR analyses, data from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) were analyzed, db/db mice were treated with vaspin, and serum lipids were measured. Results: A total of 468 genetic variants represented by five independent variants (rs7141073, rs1956709, rs4905216, rs61978267, rs73338689) within the vaspin locus were associated with serum vaspin (all p < 5×10−8, explained variance 16.8%). MR analyses revealed causal relationships between serum vaspin and triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol. Gene expression correlation analyses suggested that genes, highly correlated with vaspin expression in adipose tissue, are enriched in lipid metabolic processes. Finally, in vivo vaspin treatment reduced serum triglycerides in obese db/db mice. Conclusions: The data show that serum vaspin is strongly determined by genetic variants within vaspin, which further highlight vaspin's causal role in lipid metabolism.
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62.
  • Cherkin, Daniel, et al. (författare)
  • The Ninth International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: SPINE. - 0362-2436. ; 34:3, s. 304-307
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Study Design. Review of oral and poster presentations and of workshop summaries from the Ninth International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain held in Majorca, Spain, October 4-6, 2007. Objective. Summarize highlights of the conference. Summary of Background Data. The International Forum for Primary Care Research on Low Back Pain has become the primary conference for presenting research on the advances in primary care for back pain. Methods. Distillation of the key themes and findings of the research presented at the Forum. Results. Presentations at the forum included intervention studies, psychosocial aspects of low back pain, and epidemiological, clinical, and pathologic studies. Conclusion. The research presented at the forum has contributed to the advancement of understanding of how to improve primary care for low back pain. The Tenth International Forum will occur on June 14-17, 2009, in Boston.
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63.
  • Crary, John F., et al. (författare)
  • Primary age-related tauopathy (PART) : a common pathology associated with human aging
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Acta Neuropathologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 128:6, s. 755-766
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We recommend a new term, "primary age-related tauopathy" (PART), to describe a pathology that is commonly observed in the brains of aged individuals. Many autopsy studies have reported brains with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that are indistinguishable from those of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in the absence of amyloid (A beta) plaques. For these "NFT+/A beta-aEuroe brains, for which formal criteria for AD neuropathologic changes are not met, the NFTs are mostly restricted to structures in the medial temporal lobe, basal forebrain, brainstem, and olfactory areas (bulb and cortex). Symptoms in persons with PART usually range from normal to amnestic cognitive changes, with only a minority exhibiting profound impairment. Because cognitive impairment is often mild, existing clinicopathologic designations, such as "tangle-only dementia" and "tangle-predominant senile dementia", are imprecise and not appropriate for most subjects. PART is almost universally detectable at autopsy among elderly individuals, yet this pathological process cannot be specifically identified pre-mortem at the present time. Improved biomarkers and tau imaging may enable diagnosis of PART in clinical settings in the future. Indeed, recent studies have identified a common biomarker profile consisting of temporal lobe atrophy and tauopathy without evidence of A beta accumulation. For both researchers and clinicians, a revised nomenclature will raise awareness of this extremely common pathologic change while providing a conceptual foundation for future studies. Prior reports that have elucidated features of the pathologic entity we refer to as PART are discussed, and working neuropathological diagnostic criteria are proposed.
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64.
  • Dalenbäck, Jan-Olof, et al. (författare)
  • Solvärme i fjärrvärmesystem : Utvärdering av primärkopplade system
  • 2013
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Sverige ärett föregångsland när det gälleratt använda solvärme i när-och fjärr-värmesystem.Under perioden 1982 till 1992 byggde vi en serie av anläggningar som alla var större än man byggt i något annat land. Stora bioenergitillgångar och ett stort behov att hitta ersättning för olja i fjärrvärme-systemen ledde parallellt till en mycket positiv utveckling för biobränsle i fjärr-värmesystem, främst flis, och tillsammans med ändrade villkor för demonstrations-anläggningar, kom intresset för stora solvärmeanläggningar av sig i Sverige.Med Bo01 i Malmö 2001 introducerades lokala solvärmesystem i fjärrvärme och med stöd från EU-direktiv med byggnadsfokus har det nu byggts ett antal mindre solvärmeanläggningar i anslutning till olika byggnader med fjärrvärme. De anläggningar som uppfördes på 80-och 90-talet ingick ofta i ett samordnat program med investeringsbidrag och tredjepartsutvärdering och det finns en mängd utvärderingsrapporter.De anläggningar som uppförts under 2000-talet har inte haft samma förutsättningar.Dessutom är det förhållandevis många som anslutits i fjärr-värmesystem.De har ofta initierats genom politiska beslut till del som ett resultat av nya krav på byggnaders energiprestanda och det finns inga andra utvärderingar än anläggningsägarnas egna. I den här rapporten görs en övergripande dokumentation och utvärdering av 22solvärmesystem som anslutits direkt till fjärrvärmesystemen och tagits i drift under perioden 2000till 2010. Utvärdering fokuserar på systemutformning, installation, driftuppföljning och värmeutbyte som kan ligga till grund för rekommendationer till nya anläggningar.Utvärderingen visar att många av anläggningarna har brister såväl med avseende på systemutformning som pådriftuppföljning och värmeutbyte.Det finns anlägg-ningar som ger mer än 300 kWh/år.m2solfångare, vilket får anses acceptabelt, men som medelvärde ger de 8 senast uppförda anläggningarna endast 240 kWh/år.m2 solfångare (2011-2012), varför det finns stort utrymme för förbättringar.Som en övergripande rekommendation föreslås att det bör genomföras ett upp-följningsprojekt under 2013 där de utvärderade anläggningarna följas upp under minst ett år så att alla fås att fungera på ett relevant sätt utgående från dess förutsättningar. Sedan bör erfarenheterna från de utvärderade anläggningarna sammanställas i en enkel projekteringsmall som kan användas i framtida anläggningar.
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65.
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66.
  • Damkjær, Jakob T, 1976-, et al. (författare)
  • The photosystem II light-harvesting protein Lhcb3 affects the macrostructure of photosystem II and the rate of state transitions in Arabidopsis
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: The Plant Cell. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 21, s. 3245-3256
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The main trimeric light-harvesting complex of higher plants (LHCII) consists of three different Lhcb proteins (Lhcb1-3). We show that Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA knockout plants lacking Lhcb3 (koLhcb3) compensate for the lack of Lhcb3 by producing increased amounts of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2. As in wild-type plants, LHCII-photosystem II (PSII) supercomplexes were present in Lhcb3 knockout plants (koLhcb3), and preservation of the LHCII trimers (M trimers) indicates that the Lhcb3 in M trimers has been replaced by Lhcb1 and/or Lhcb2. However, the rotational position of the M LHCII trimer was altered, suggesting that the Lhcb3 subunit affects the macrostructural arrangement of the LHCII antenna. The absence of Lhcb3 did not result in any significant alteration in PSII efficiency or qE type of nonphotochemical quenching, but the rate of transition from State 1 to State 2 was increased in koLhcb3, although the final extent of state transition was unchanged. The level of phosphorylation of LHCII was increased in the koLhcb3 plants compared with wild-type plants in both State 1 and State 2. The relative increase in phosphorylation upon transition from State 1 to State 2 was also significantly higher in koLhcb3. It is suggested that the main function of Lhcb3 is to modulate the rate of state transitions.
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69.
  • Ekroos, Johan, et al. (författare)
  • High land-use intensity in grasslands constrains wild bee species richness in Europe
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207. ; 241
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is widespread concern regarding declines in bee populations given their importance for the functioning of both natural and managed ecosystems. An increasing number of studies find negative relations between bee species richness and simplification of agricultural landscapes, but the role of land-use intensity and its relative importance compared to landscape simplification remain less clear. We compared the relative effects of nitrogen inputs, as a proxy for land-use intensity, and proportion of natural and semi-natural habitat, as a measure of landscape complexity on total bee species richness, rare species richness and dominant crop-visiting species richness. We used data from 282 grasslands across five countries, covering the entire range of low intensity, no-input systems, to high-input sites (>400 kg N/ha/year). We found consistent negative impacts of increasing land-use intensity at a regional scale on total bee species richness and dominant crop-visiting species across Europe, but no such effects of landscape complexity. In contrast, the richness of rare bee species was not significantly related to increasing land-use intensity. Nevertheless, based on species accumulation curves, grasslands with no nitrogen inputs had higher total bee richness and higher shares of rare species compared with sites with high nitrogen inputs (>125 kg N/ha/year). Our results highlight the importance of retaining grasslands characterised by low land-use intensity across agricultural landscapes to promote bee diversity.
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70.
  • Engqvist, Hanna, 1985, et al. (författare)
  • Integrative genomics approach identifies molecular features associated with early-stage ovarian carcinoma histotypes.
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ovarian cancer comprises multiple subtypes (clear-cell (CCC), endometrioid (EC), high-grade serous (HGSC), low-grade serous (LGSC), and mucinous carcinomas (MC)) with differing molecular and clinical behavior. However, robust histotype-specific biomarkers for clinical use have yet to be identified. Here, we utilized a multi-omics approach to identify novel histotype-specific genetic markers associated with ovarian carcinoma histotypes (CCC, EC, HGSC, and MC) using DNA methylation, DNA copy number alteration and RNA sequencing data for 96 primary invasive early-stage (stage I and II) ovarian carcinomas. More specifically, the DNA methylation analysis revealed hypermethylation for CCC in comparison with the other histotypes. Moreover, copy number imbalances and novel chromothripsis-like rearrangements (n = 64) were identified in ovarian carcinoma, with the highest number of chromothripsis-like patterns in HGSC. For the 1000 most variable transcripts, underexpression was most prominent for all histotypes in comparison with normal ovarian samples. Overall, the integrative approach identified 46 putative oncogenes (overexpressed, hypomethylated and DNA gain) and three putative tumor suppressor genes (underexpressed, hypermethylated and DNA loss) when comparing the different histotypes. In conclusion, the current study provides novel insights into molecular features associated with early-stage ovarian carcinoma that may improve patient stratification and subclassification of the histotypes.
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