| 21. |
- Liu, Ya-Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Spin-orbit ab initio investigation of the photolysis of bromoiodomethane
- 2006
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Ingår i: ChemPhysChem. - : Wiley. - 1439-7641 .- 1439-4235. ; 7:4, s. 955-963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photodissociation of bromoiodomethane has been investigated by spin-orbit ab initio calculations. The experimentally observed A- and B-bands and the corresponding photoproducts were assigned by multistate second-order multiconfigurationol perturbation theory in conjunction with spin-orbit interaction through complete active space state interaction potential energy curves, vertical excitation energies, and oscillator strengths of low-lying excited states. The present conclusions with respect to the dissociation process in the B-band are different compared with those of previous studies. The reaction between the iso-CH2,Br-I and iso-CH2I-Br species has also been studied. Finally, a set of stable excited states was identified for both isomers. These species might be of importance in the recombination process that follows the photodissociotion in a solvent.
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| 22. |
- Rasmussen, Mette, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of the Gold Standard Programme (GSP) for smoking cessation on smokers with and without a severe mental disorder : A Danish cohort study
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives We compared the effectiveness of an intensive smoking cessation intervention among smokers with and without a severe mental disorder (SMD) and identified factors associated with successful quitting. The main hypothesis was that smokers with an SMD would be less likely to stay continuously smoke-free for 6 months. Design A prospective cohort study. Setting In all, 302 smoking cessation clinics in Denmark from municipal clinics, pharmacies, hospitals, midwives, primary care facilities and other private providers who reported data to the national Danish Smoking Cessation Database from 2006 to 2016 participated in this study. Participants A total of 38 293 patients from the Danish Smoking Cessation Database. Patients with an SMD were identified by linking data to the Danish National Patient Register. Diagnoses of organic mental disorders (F0 chapter) or intellectual disabilities (F7 chapter) were not included. Smokers ≥18 years old who were attending a Gold Standard Programme (GSP) with planned follow-up were included. Smokers not wanting contact after 6 months were excluded. Interventions A comprehensive manual-based smoking cessation intervention comprising five meetings over a 6-week period (the GSP). Main outcome measures Self-reported continuous abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. Results In all, 69% of the participants participated in the follow-up after 6 months. The overall rate of successful quitting was high but significantly lower in SMD smokers (29% vs 38%; OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.80). Variables associated with successful quitting were compliance (defined as attending ≥75% of the planned meetings), older age and male gender as well as not being disadvantaged, heavy smoking or recommendation of intervention by health professionals. Conclusions Only 29% of smokers with an SMD successfully quit smoking which was significantly lower than the 38% of smokers without an SMD. Compliance was the most important predictor for successful quitting.
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| 23. |
- Riso, Lukas, et al.
(författare)
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General and abdominal adiposity and the risk of Parkinson's disease : A prospective cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 1353-8020 .- 1873-5126. ; 62, s. 98-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Due to demographic change, an increase in the frequency of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is expected in the future and, thus, the identification of modifiable risk factors is urgently needed. We aimed to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with incident PD. Methods: In 13 of the 23 centers of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, a total of 734 incident cases of PD were identified between 1992 and 2012 with a mean follow-up of 12 years. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We modelled anthropometric variables as continuous and categorical exposures and performed subgroup analyses by potential effect modifiers including sex and smoking. Results: We found no association between BMI, WC and incident PD, neither among men nor among women. Among never and former smokers, BMI and waist circumference were also not associated with PD risk. For male smokers, however, we observed a statistically significant inverse association between BMI and PD risk (HR 0.51, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.84) and the opposite for women, i.e. a significant direct association of BMI (HR 1.79, 95%CI: 1.04, 3.08) and waist circumference (HR 1.64, 95%CI: 1.03, 2.61) with risk of PD. Conclusion: Our data revealed no association between excess weight and PD risk but a possible interaction between anthropometry, sex and smoking.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Söderhjelm, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Accuracy of distributed multipoles and polarizabilities: Comparison between the LoProp and MpProp models
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Computational Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1096-987X .- 0192-8651. ; 28:6, s. 1083-1090
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Localized multipole moments up to the fifth moment as well as localized dipole polarizabilities are calculated with the MpProp and the newly developed LoProp methods for a total of 20 molecules, predominantly derived from amino acids. A comparison of electrostatic potentials calculated from the multipole expansion obtained by the two methods with ab initio results shows that both methods reproduce the electrostatic interaction with an elementary charge with a mean absolute error of similar to 1.5 kJ/mol at contact distance and less than 0.1 kJ/mol at distances 2 angstrom further out when terms up to the octupole moments are included. The polarizabilities are tested with homogenous electric fields and are-found to have similar accuracy. The MpProp method gives better multipole moments unless diffuse basis sets are used, whereas LoProp gives better polarizabilities. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 26. |
- Traulsen, Lisbet Krogh, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for incident asthma and COPD in a cohort of young adults
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical Respiratory Journal. - : Wiley. - 1752-6981. ; 12:3, s. 1021-1029
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of the study was to describe potential shared risk factors for incident asthma and COPD in a population-based, 9-year follow-up study. Methods: From a cohort of 1191 individuals, aged 20-44, who participated in baseline survey including spirometry, bronchial challenge, and skin prick test (SPT) 742 subjects (62%) were reexamined at follow-up in 2012-2014. Results: A total of 27 incident cases of asthma and 22 cases of COPD were identified at follow-up corresponding to an incidence rate of 5.8 (95% CI 3.9-8.4) and 3.5 (2.2-5.3) per 1000 person years, respectively. Among the identified COPD cases a total of 12 were Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS). Atopy defined by positive SPT was a risk factor for asthma in males (OR 7.54; 95% CI 1.24-45.90), whereas risk factors in females were nasal allergy (3.81; 1.20-12.11), FEV1<100% predicted (3.96; 1.07-14.62) and parental asthma (3.06; 1.00-9.40). Risk factors for COPD in males were bronchial hyperresponsiveness (23.13; 1.41-380.50) and FEV1<100% predicted (all male cases had FEV1<100% predicted) and in females current smoking (3.34; 1.16-9.59) and asthma at baseline (5.21; 1.48-18.34). Conclusions: No shared risk factors for incident asthma and COPD were found. Despite low power when stratifying by sex risk factors for incident asthma and COPD emphasize considerable gender differences.
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| 27. |
- von Krogh, Torbjörn, 1948-
(författare)
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Understanding Media Accountability : Media Accountability in Relation to Media Criticism and Media Governance in Sweden 1940-2010
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concepts of media accountability, media criticism and media governance are analysed and discussed in a Swedish setting; how they relate to each other and interact. This is achieved by using various methods – a survey to editors, analy- ses of parliamentary debates, interviews, direct observation and document stu- dies – in studying different stakeholders, media representatives and governance conditions in Sweden during the last 70 years.The findings point in a direction of dynamic complexities with a central role for media criticism. The type, level and intensity of media criticism may affect the functioning of the media governance structure and is a vital part of the media accountability process. The media governance structure – which in addi- tion to media criticism is influenced by international conditions, technological developments and political factors – may in turn affect the media accountability process. In this process, media representatives aim to defend obtained positions of societal influence, achieve and maintain positive PR and enhance editorial quality at the same time.Media criticism may start a substantial media accountability process if the discontent is widespread and not countered by market approval or political iner- tia. The process is facilitated if the critique is connected to more than one frame of accountability and if stakeholders see opportunities for dual objectives. Very strong and widespread media criticism may be difficult for media organizations to neglect.The accountability process in Sweden has become less dependent on corpora- tive negotiations between organized interests and political assemblies. Instead, two other tendencies seem to have emerged: on the one hand a possibility for media organizations to favour such accountability processes that they are able to control, and on the other hand the rise of a rich variety of sometimes short-lived accountability instruments that may develop for specific occasions and are difficult to control.
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| 28. |
- Wierzbowska, M, et al.
(författare)
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Condensation energy of the homogeneous electron gas from density-functional theory for superconductors
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 71:1, s. 1-014509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The condensation energy of homogeneous electron gas is calculated within the density-functional theory for superconductors. Purely electronic considerations include the exchange energy exactly and the correlation energy on a level of the random phase approximation. Singlet superconductivity is assumed, and the Coulomb interaction is studied with a model pairing potential at angular momentum up to l=9 and densities 1less than or equal tor(s)less than or equal to10. The homogeneous gas remains nonsuperconducting up to r(s)similar or equal to9. A very weak negative value of the condensation energy has been found for f waves and higher-l pairing at r(s)=10.
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