| 21. |
- Wuttke, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:6, s. 957-972
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
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| 22. |
- Berger, Christian, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Simulations on consumer tests: A systematic evaluation approach in an industrial case study
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 17th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2014. - : IEEE. - 9781479960781
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Consumer tests for vehicles have long a tradition of almost two decades in Europe to assess vehicular safety abilities. For active safety systems like an emergency braking guard, different consumer-test-organizations (CTOs) around the world intensify now the challenges for automotive Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) in terms of specific test protocols.
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| 23. |
- Berger, Christian, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Simulations on Consumer Tests: A Systematic Evaluation Approach in an Industrial Case Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ieee Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1939-1390 .- 1941-1197. ; 7:4, s. 24-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Consumer tests which assess safety features of modern vehicles have a tradition in Europe. Recently, such test protocols have been substantially extended to also cover active safety systems like Volkswagen's Front Assist. Objective: Simulations for passive safety systems are already a widely adopted approach during vehicle development and internal assessments. As active safety systems are becoming an increasingly important element in a vehicle's safety concept and a differentiating feature, a systematic validation and assessment of such systems is necessary to successfully pass consumer tests and complimentarily identified, relevant traffic scenarios. Method: With this work, we extend our previous conference publication about EuroNCAP CCRs tests by additionally investigating US NCAP scenarios for an AEB system. Therefore, we systematically modeled the allowed variations with a graph where the paths represent concrete test scenarios. These paths are used in a virtual test environment to assess the AEB system. In our previous publication, we illustrated our method of test case generation and simulating consumer test scenarios by showing results of 27 specific test cases. In this work, we focused on integrating a test automatization routine as well as evaluating a set of test cases with a factor of 100 compared to our previous paper. Results: We demonstrate the approach for both EuroNCAP's and US NCAP's CCRs scenarios with a total quantity of more than 2,700 test cases including re-runs to systematically evaluate an AEB algorithm. Our results unveiled varying action points in time for the same initial values for a given consumer test scenario while applying different allowed variations. Conclusion: We foresee the importance of complementary virtual testing for real-world tests on proving grounds especially during the design phase. Our study shows that already small variations that yet accord with the test procedure specification influence the behavior of an active safety system and need to be investigated during development and vehicle testing.
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| 24. |
- Blander, M, et al.
(författare)
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Equilibrium Chemistry of Biomass Combustion: A Round-Robin Set of Calculations Using Available Computer Programs and Databases
- 2001
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Ingår i: Energy Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 15:2, s. 344-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Equilibrium calculations of three problems regarding biomass combustion, at various levels of sophistication, were performed at six laboratories using seven combinations of computer programs and databases. The objective was to test the adequacy of the programs and databases for calculating both condensed and gas-phase behavior. The first problem was a simplified calculation for the combustion of a woodlike material with added sulfur to possibly form an ideal molten salt solution of potassium and calcium sulfate. The second and third problems were to simulate aspen wood and wheat straw combustion, respectively, and required a relatively sophisticated database on high-temperature solutions to describe condensed phases. All the participants performed calculations of the gas phases, which were reasonably accurate when their databases were adequate. For problem I, most of the participants were also able to calculate a reasonable set of condensed phases. However, for problems II and III, only four of the participants, using the two most sophisticated computer programs and databases, had the ability to produce rational results for the condensed phases. This round robin identified two computer programs and their associated databases that could prove useful for calculating the condensed-phase equilibrium chemistry of biomass combustion when coupled with experimental programs and the capability to expand databases as new experimental data become available. Such calculations can greatly enhance our understanding of the total equilibrium chemistry of biomass combustion.
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| 25. |
- Gorski, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analysis uncovers genome-wide significant variants for rapid kidney function decline
- 2021
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Ingår i: Kidney International. - : Elsevier. - 0085-2538 .- 1523-1755. ; 99:4, s. 926-939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid decline of glomerular filtration rate estimated from creatinine (eGFRcrea) is associated with severe clinical endpoints. In contrast to cross-sectionally assessed eGFRcrea, the genetic basis for rapid eGFRcrea decline is largely unknown. To help define this, we meta-analyzed 42 genome-wide association studies from the Chronic Kidney Diseases Genetics Consortium and United Kingdom Biobank to identify genetic loci for rapid eGFRcrea decline. Two definitions of eGFRcrea decline were used: 3 mL/min/1.73m2/year or more ("Rapid3"; encompassing 34,874 cases, 107,090 controls) and eGFRcrea decline 25% or more and eGFRcrea under 60 mL/min/1.73m2 at follow-up among those with eGFRcrea 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or more at baseline ("CKDi25"; encompassing 19,901 cases, 175,244 controls). Seven independent variants were identified across six loci for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25: consisting of five variants at four loci with genome-wide significance (near UMOD-PDILT (2), PRKAG2, WDR72, OR2S2) and two variants among 265 known eGFRcrea variants (near GATM, LARP4B). All these loci were novel for Rapid3 and/or CKDi25 and our bioinformatic follow-up prioritized variants and genes underneath these loci. The OR2S2 locus is novel for any eGFRcrea trait including interesting candidates. For the five genome-wide significant lead variants, we found supporting effects for annual change in blood urea nitrogen or cystatin-based eGFR, but not for GATM or LARP4B. Individuals at high compared to those at low genetic risk (8-14 vs 0-5 adverse alleles) had a 1.20-fold increased risk of acute kidney injury (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.33). Thus, our identified loci for rapid kidney function decline may help prioritize therapeutic targets and identify mechanisms and individuals at risk for sustained deterioration of kidney function.
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| 26. |
- Nagaya, K., et al.
(författare)
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Multiple photoionization of rare-gas clusters by EUV-FEL at Spring-8
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 388:3, s. 032082-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple photoionization processes of giant rare-gas clusters are investigated in the wavelength region of 51 to 61nm at Spring8. We report here some latest results of our investigation; the frustration of photoionization for giant xenon clusters and the charge transfer in Ar-core Ne-shell clusters.
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