| 541. |
- Bousquet, J, et al.
(författare)
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Spices to Control COVID-19 Symptoms: Yes, but Not Only…
- 2021
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Ingår i: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 182:6, s. 489-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are large country variations in COVID-19 death rates that may be partly explained by diet. Many countries with low COVID-19 death rates have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented vegetables such as cabbage and, in some continents, various spices. Fermented vegetables and spices are agonists of the antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and spices are transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 and vanillin 1 (TRPA1/V1) agonists. These mechanisms may explain many COVID-19 symptoms and severity. It appears that there is a synergy between Nrf2 and TRPA1/V1 foods that may explain the role of diet in COVID-19. One of the mechanisms of COVID-19 appears to be an oxygen species (ROS)-mediated process in synergy with TRP channels, modulated by Nrf2 pathways. Spicy foods are likely to desensitize TRP channels and act in synergy with exogenous antioxidants that activate the Nrf2 pathway.
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| 542. |
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| 543. |
- Dragon-Durey, Marie-Agnès, et al.
(författare)
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Repository of intra-and inter-run variations of quantitative autoantibody assays: A European multicenter study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. - : De Gruyter Open. - 1434-6621 .- 1437-4331. ; 60:9, s. 1373-1383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- No reference data are available on repositories to measure precision of autoantibody assays. The scope of this study was to document inter-and intra-run variations of quantitative autoantibody assays based on a real-world large international data set. Members of the European Autoimmunity Standardisation Initiative (EASI) group collected the data of intra-and inter-run variability obtained with assays quantifying 15 different autoantibodies in voluntary participating laboratories from their country. We analyzed the impact on the assay performances of the type of immunoassay, the number of measurements used to calculate the coefficient of variation (CVs), the nature and the autoantibody level of the internal quality control (IQC). Data were obtained from 64 laboratories from 15 European countries between February and October 2021. We analyzed 686 and 1,331 values of intra-and inter-run CVs, respectively. Both CVs were significantly dependent on: The method of immunoassay, the level of IQC with higher imprecision observed when the antibody levels were lower than 2-fold the threshold for positivity, and the nature of the IQC with commercial IQCs having lower CVs than patients-derived IQCs. Our analyses also show that the type of autoantibody has low impact on the assay' performances and that 15 measurements are sufficient to establish reliable intra-and inter-run variations. This study provides for the first time an international repository yielding values of intra-and inter-run variation for quantitative autoantibody assays. These data could be useful for ISO 15189 accreditation requirements and will allow clinical diagnostic laboratories to assure quality of patient results.
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| 544. |
- Frix, AN, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneity in the use of biologics for severe asthma in Europe: a SHARP ERS study
- 2022
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Ingår i: ERJ open research. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-0541. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment with biologics for severe asthma is informed by international and national guidelines and defined by national regulating bodies, but how these drugs are used in real-life is unknown.Materials and methodsThe European Respiratory Society (ERS) SHARP Clinical Research Collaboration conducted a three-step survey collecting information on asthma biologics use in Europe. Five geographically distant countries defined the survey questions, focusing on seven end-points: biologics availability and financial issues, prescription and administration modalities, inclusion criteria, continuation criteria, switching biologics, combining biologics and evaluation of corticosteroid toxicity. The survey was then sent to SHARP National Leads of 28 European countries. Finally, selected questions were submitted to a broad group of 263 asthma experts identified by national societies.ResultsAvailability of biologics varied between countries, with 17 out of 28 countries having all five existing biologics. Authorised prescribers (pulmonologists and other specialists) also differed. In-hospital administration was the preferred deliverance modality. While exacerbation rate was used as an inclusion criterion in all countries, forced expiratory volume in 1 s was used in 46%. Blood eosinophils were an inclusion criterion in all countries for interleukin-5 (IL-5)-targeted and IL-4/IL-13-targeted biologics, with varying thresholds. There were no formally established criteria for continuing biologics. Reduction in exacerbations represented the most important benchmark, followed by improvement in asthma control and quality of life. Only 73% (191 out of 263) of surveyed clinicians assessed their patients for corticosteroid-induced toxicity.ConclusionOur study reveals important heterogeneity in the use of asthma biologics across Europe. To what extent this impacts on clinical outcomes relevant to patients and healthcare services needs further investigation.
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| 545. |
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| 546. |
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| 547. |
- Kupczyk, M, et al.
(författare)
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Benralizumab: an anti-IL-5 receptor α monoclonal antibody in the treatment of asthma
- 2018
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Ingår i: Immunotherapy. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1750-7448 .- 1750-743X. ; 10:5, s. 349-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IL-5 is a key cytokine responsible for the maturation, recruitment and survival of eosinophils. The role of eosinophils in pathomechanisms of severe asthma and association of those cells with frequent exacerbations are well accepted. Novel biologic agents including anti-IL-5 antibodies (mepolizumab and reslizumab) as well as anti-IL-5 receptor α chain (benralizumab) have been developed. Benralizumab (Fasenra™) leads to reduced eosinophil counts in airway mucosa, blood, sputum and a clear inhibition of eosinophil differentiation and maturation in the bone marrow. In clinical studies, benralizumab significantly reduces the rate of asthma exacerbations and has a clear oral glucocorticoid sparing effect. The frequency and the type of reported adverse events do not differ between active treatment and placebo arms.
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| 548. |
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| 549. |
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| 550. |
- Lourenço, O, et al.
(författare)
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Managing Allergic Rhinitis in the Pharmacy: An ARIA Guide for Implementation in Practice
- 2020
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Ingår i: Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2226-4787. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paradigm of how we manage allergic rhinitis is shifting with a growing understanding that it is a complex process, requiring a coordinated effort from healthcare providers and patients. Pharmacists are key members of these integrated care pathways resolving medication-related problems, optimizing regimens, improving adherence and recommending therapies while establishing liaisons between patients and physicians. Community pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals to the public and allergic rhinitis is one of the most common diseases managed by pharmacists. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines developed over the past 20 years have improved the care of allergic rhinitis patients through an evidence-based, integrated care approach. In this paper, we propose an integrated approach to allergic rhinitis management in community pharmacy following the 2019 ARIA in the pharmacy guidelines.
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