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| 53. |
- Johansson, Viktoria, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple sclerosis and psychiatric disorders : comorbidity and sibling risk in a nationwide Swedish cohort
- 2014
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Ingår i: Multiple Sclerosis Journal. - Stockholm : Sage Publications. - 1352-4585 .- 1477-0970. ; 20:14, s. 1881-1891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are known to be prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS).OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to study comorbidity between MS and bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and depression in a nationwide cohort and to determine whether shared genetic liability underlies the putative association.METHODS: We identified ICD-diagnosed patients with MS (n = 16,467), bipolar disorder (n = 30,761), schizophrenia (n = 22,781) and depression (n = 172,479) in the Swedish National Patient Register and identified their siblings in the Multi-Generation Register. The risk of MS was compared in psychiatric patients and in matched unexposed individuals. Shared familial risk between MS and psychiatric disorders was estimated by sibling comparison.RESULTS: The risk of MS was increased in patients with bipolar disorder (hazard ratio (HR) 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-2.2, p < 0.0001) and depression (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.7-2.0, p < 0.0001). MS risk in schizophrenia was decreased (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9, p = 0.005). The association between having a sibling with a psychiatric disorder and developing MS was not significant.CONCLUSION: We found a strong positive association between MS and bipolar disorder and depression that could not be explained by genetic liability. The unexpected negative association between MS and schizophrenia might be spurious or indicate possible protective mechanisms that warrant further exploration.
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| 55. |
- Kyaga, S, et al.
(författare)
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Creativity and mental disorder Reply
- 2012
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Ingår i: BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 200:4, s. 348-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 57. |
- Lundh, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes of child psychiatric treatment.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 128:1, s. 34-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of this study was to investigate outcomes of child psychiatric outpatient treatment as usual and to identify outcome predictors, with special regard to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mood disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and conduct disorder. Method Routinely collected data from 12613 outpatients between July 2006 and January 2010 in Stockholm, Sweden were analysed. The outcome measure was change in Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) ratings between first visit and case closure (CGAS). Results CGAS improved during the course of treatment across all diagnostic groups, ranging from a mean change of 4 (mental retardation) to 16 (suicide attempts). CGAS was two times higher in the mood disorder group compared with the ADHD group. In the mood disorder group, several psychotherapies were associated with better outcome but not medication. In the ADHD group, psychotherapeutic interventions were also associated with better outcome, but those who received treatment with central stimulants received less non-medical interventions. Conclusion Whereas the functional impairment and the level of improvement in mood disorder corresponded to previous efficacy studies, the ADHD patients were more impaired and improved less after treatment. This should prompt a critical discussion as to whether ADHD patients receive the best available treatment in CAMHS in Stockholm and elsewhere.
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- Mobarrez, F., et al.
(författare)
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Microparticles and microscopic structures in three fractions of fresh cerebrospinal fluid in schizophrenia: Case report of twins
- 2013
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Ingår i: Schizophrenia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-9964 .- 1573-2509. ; 143:1, s. 192-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schizophrenia is a diagnosis with a set of symptoms of aberrant psychological phenomena. Here, we discuss that there may be an imbalance of proteostasis of neurons in the brain leading to increase in membrane shedding and buildup of microparticles (MPs) appearing in the cerebrospinal fluid. The number of MPs can be determined and their phenotypes verified by size and membrane expression with flow cytometry. This is the first report of specified MPs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in schizophrenia. Two 56-year-old Swedish-born female monozygotic twins of Caucasian ethnicity with onset of schizophrenia more than 30 years ago were studied. Three fractions of fresh CSF were examined for microparticles by flow cytometry analysis, which measure the specific binding of antibodies to CD42a (platelet-MP; 33 GPIX), CD144 (endothelial-MP; Ve-cadherin), CD45 (leukocyte-MP; pan-leukocyte antigen) and of phosphatidylserine to lactadherin. The patients with schizophrenia displayed more phosphatidylserine-positive MPs in CSF compared with healthy control subjects. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) structures in CSF studied over a 3-year period in twins with schizophrenia were of similar appearance at both time points. The increased number of MPs in fresh CSF may be a sign of enhanced membrane shedding in the central nervous system. Such MPs can be investigated for both human and non-human DNA, RNA and microRNA that may activate different immune signaling systems in patients with schizophrenia. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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