| 991. |
- Ruiz-Caldas, Maria-Ximena, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Citrated cellulose nanocrystals from post-consumer cotton textiles
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 11:13, s. 6854-6868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a new method for the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from post-consumer cotton textiles through surface functionalization followed by mechanical treatment. Cotton-based textiles were esterified using an 85 wt% solution of citric acid at 100 °C, then further fibrillated in a microfluidizer. The final product, citrated cellulose nanocrystals (CitCNCs), was a dispersion of needle-like nanoparticles with high crystallinity. Up to 78 wt% of the cotton fabric was converted to CitCNCs that exhibited higher yields and a higher surface group content than CNCs extracted through H2SO4 hydrolysis, although CitCNCs showed a broader size distribution and decreased thermal stability. Experimental data supported by DFT calculations showed that the carboxyl groups on the CitCNC surface are bonded to cellulose by mono or diester linkages. An early-stage life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to evaluate the environmental impact of using discarded textiles as a source of cellulose and analyze the environmental performance of the production of CitCNCs. Our work showed a significant reduction in the environmental burden of CNC extraction using post-consumer cotton instead of wood pulp, making clothing a good feedstock. The environmental impact of CitCNC production was mainly dominated by citric acid. As a proof of concept, around 58 wt% of the citric acid was recovered through evaporation and subsequent crystallization, which could reduce climate impact by 40%. With this work, we introduce a catalyst-free route to valorize textiles with the extraction of CitCNCs and how conducting LCA in laboratory-scale processes might guide future development and optimization.
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| 992. |
- Runeson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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ESS Control System Data Lab - Executive Summary
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Driven by the idea to use alarm data to explore machine learning across Industry 4.0 applications, the goal of this pilot study was to explore how to collect, store, manage and share data from the ESS Control System. Generally, we seek to make any control system data available for research and innovation but started with alarms as a feasible domain in which to explore machine learning. The goals were threefold, each explored in a work package:1. How to govern a data ecosystem, and which tools are needed to support it?2. How can alarm data be interpreted across industrial contexts, i.e., which meta dataand reference models are needed?3. How can data sharing be practically and legally handled at ESS?In summary, we identify a set of potential alleys for continued work to foster industrial innovation and collaboration in a control system data ecosystem with ESS as a catalyst.
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| 993. |
- Ruuska, Henna, et al.
(författare)
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Surface reactivities of (111), (100), and (110) planes of c-BN : A quantum mechanical approach
- 2007
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Ingår i: Diamond and related materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-9635 .- 1879-0062. ; 16:1, s. 118-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface reactivities of the three low-index planes (111), (100), and (110) of cubic boron nitride were theoretically investigated using density functional theory under periodic boundary conditions. Surface energies for non-terminated (bulk vs. optimized structure) and H-terminated (optimized structure) surfaces were calculated. The optimized structure is identical to the local low-energy structure closest to the initial bulk geometry. The adsorption process of hydrogen atoms on the various surface planes was also examined. On the basis of these calculations, the orders of reactivities for the cubic BN planes are (110) > (100) > (111) (bulk) and (100) > (110) > (111) (optimized) for non-terminated surfaces. The most reactive form of the (110) surface (i.e. bulk structure) became the most stable one when the surface was completely terminated with H species.
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| 994. |
- Ryberg, Anders, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Stereo vision for path correction in off-line programmed robot welding
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology. ; , s. 1700-1705
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes a versatile machine vision system for correcting off-line programmed nominal robot trajectories for advanced welding. Weld trajectory corrections are needed due to slight variations in weld joints. Such variations occur naturally because of varying tolerances in parts and to heat induced deformations during earlier weld sequences. The developed system uses one camera and a weld tool mounted on the robot hand. As a first step, the whole system, including the camera, is calibrated. Then the system takes images of the weld joint from different positions and orientations, and determines the weld joint geometry in 3D using a stereo vision algorithm and a novel camera model. The weld trajectory is then updated in the robot control system, and weld operation is performed. These steps are repeated for all weld sequences of the work piece. The strategy has successfully been demonstrated for a standard industrial welding robot and a standard FireWire CMOS camera. The maximum deviation of the trajectory found by the system compared to a reference (coordinate measuring machine) is 0.7 mm and the mean deviation is 0.23 mm. Thus, the system shows high potential for industrial implementation. ©2010 IEEE.
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| 995. |
- Ryde, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Altered hypoxia-induced cellular responses and inflammatory profile in lung fibroblasts from COPD patients compared to control subjects
- 2024
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Ingår i: Respiratory Research. - 1465-9921. ; 25:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic bronchitis, emphysema and vascular remodelling. The disease is associated with hypoxia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Lung fibroblasts are important cells in remodelling processes in COPD, as main producers of extracellular matrix proteins but also in synthesis of growth factors and inflammatory mediators. Methods: In this study we aimed to investigate if there are differences in how primary distal lung fibroblasts obtained from COPD patients and healthy subjects respond to hypoxia (1% O2) and pro-fibrotic stimuli with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). Genes and proteins associated with oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, remodelling and inflammation were analysed with RT-qPCR and ELISA. Results: Hypoxia induced differences in expression of genes involved in oxidative stress (SOD3 and HIF-1α), ER stress (IRE1, PARK and ATF6), apoptosis (c-Jun and Bcl2) and remodelling (5HTR2B, Collagen7 and VEGFR2) in lung fibroblasts from COPD subjects compared to control subjects, where COPD fibroblasts were in general less responsive. The release of VEGF-C was increased after hypoxia, whereas TGF-β significantly reduced the VEGF response to hypoxia and the release of HGF. COPD fibroblasts had a higher release of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and PGE2 compared to lung fibroblasts from control subjects. The release of inflammatory mediators was less affected by hypoxia, whereas TGFβ1 induced differences in inflammatory profile between fibroblasts from COPD and control subjects. Conclusion: These results suggest that there is an alteration of gene regulation of various stress responses and remodelling associated mediator release that is related to COPD and hypoxia, where fibroblasts from COPD patients have a deficient response.
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| 996. |
- Rådestad, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Being alone in silence - Mothers' experiences upon confirmation of their baby's death in utero
- 2014
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 30:3, s. e91-e95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to explore mothers' experiences of the confirmation of ultrasound examination results and how they were told that their baby had died in-utero.DESIGN: in-depth interviews.SETTING: Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: 26 mothers of stillborn babies.MEASUREMENT: narratives were analysed using a qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach.FINDINGS: the mothers experienced that silence prevailed during the entire process of confirming the ultrasound results. Typically all present in the ultrasound room were concentrating and focusing on what they observed on the screen, no one spoke to the mother. The mothers had an instinctive feeling that their baby might be dead based on what they observed on the ultrasound screen and on their interpretation of the body language of the clinicians and midwives. Some mothers reported a time delay in receiving information about their baby's death. Experiencing uncertainty about the information received was also noticed.CONCLUSION: mothers emphasised an awareness of silence and feelings of being completely alone while being told of the baby's death.IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: the prevalence of silence during an ultrasound examination may in certain cases cause further psychological trauma for the mother of a stillborn baby. One way to move forward given these results may be to provide obstetric personnel sufficient training on how difficult information might be more effectively and sensitively provided in the face of an adverse pregnancy outcome.
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| 997. |
- Rådström, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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24 – Julkalendern
- 2007
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Ingår i: 24 – Julkalendern. - Skellefteå : Kultur Skellefteå. - 9186072404 ; , s. 2-3
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 998. |
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| 999. |
- Rönnelid, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Use of a commercial line blot assay as a screening test for autoantibodies in inflammatory myopathies
- 2009
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Ingår i: Autoimmunity Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-9972 .- 1873-0183. ; 9:1, s. 58-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To evaluate the clinical utility of a commercial immunoblot assay for the detection of myositis-specific autoantibodies. METHODS: Serum samples from 153 myositis patients and 77 disease controls were investigated. The commercial Euroline assay with seven autoantigens (Mi-2, Ku, PM-Scl, Jo-1, Pl-7, Pl-12 and SSA/Ro-52) was used according to the manufacturer s instructions, and supplemented with an anti-SRP strip. In a separate experiment analyses were performed at different temperatures. Results were recorded with densitometry. RESULTS: Anti-Jo-1 was found in 18 myositis and one systemic sclerosis patient. Antibodies against Mi-2 were found in 5 myositis patients, and eleven myositis patients had antibodies against PM-Scl. Four myositis patients showed anti-Pl-7 reactivity, whereas no patients had antibodies against Pl-12. Anti-Ku antibodies were found in 4 myositis and 2 primary Sjögren's syndrome patients. Anti-SRP was found in 8 myositis patients as well as in two disease controls. Antibodies against SSA/Ro52 ranged between 23-62% in all groups except juvenile dermatomyositis patients. Most autoantibody reactivities were clearly positive, only 11% (14/127) were borderline positive. Higher assay temperature increased antibody reactivities. CONCLUSIONS: Except for anti-SSA/Ro-52 and anti-Ku the antibody reactivities were rather myositis-specific, supporting the use of this immunoblot assay. However, assay validation needs to be determined against other methods.
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| 1000. |
- Samsson, Karin, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on health and process outcomes of physiotherapist-led orthopaedic triage for patients with musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review of comparative studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundPhysiotherapist-led (PT-led) orthopaedic triage is an evolving model of care for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Objectives for this study were to establish the current evidence body on the impact of PT-led orthopaedic triage on health, quality, and service outcomes for patients referred for orthopaedic consultation, compared with standard (orthopaedic surgeon) care.MethodsMedline, EMBASE, Scopus and CINAHL were searched from inception until 7 May 2018; search updated 24 April 2020. Search terms (including derivatives) included physiotherapy, advanced/extended scope, musculoskeletal/orthopaedic, triage. The search was framed as Population = patients referred for orthopaedic consultation; Intervention =PT-led orthopaedic triage; Comparison =standard care; Outcomes =health, quality and process outcomes. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective comparative cohort studies were eligible for inclusion. Screening, study selection, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality were performed independently by reviewer pairs. Quality was scored with the Downs and Black checklist. Certainty of evidence was determined using GRADE. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017070950.ResultsWe included two RCTs and eleven cohort studies (n =1357 participants) of variable methodological quality (range 14-23 of possible 28). Certainty of evidence was low to moderate. There was no difference between PT-led orthopaedic triage and standard care for patient-reported outcomes (two RCTs). Perceived quality of care with PT-led orthopaedic triage was higher (two RCTs, four cohort studies) or equal (one cohort study) compared with standard care. PT-led orthopaedic triage had higher surgery conversion rates (one RCT, three cohort studies) (55-91% vs 22-38%), lower (two RCTs) or equal rate (two cohort studies) of referral for investigations, shorter waiting times (one RCT, one cohort study), and lower costs (one RCT). Furthermore, there was high agreement between physiotherapists' and orthopaedic surgeons' treatment approach (eight cohort studies), referral for investigation (five cohort studies), and diagnosis (nine cohort studies). Study limitations were the low number of RCTs, and variable methodological quality.ConclusionsEvidence of low to moderate certainty suggests that PT-led orthopaedic triage leads to similar diagnostic decisions as standard care, has a higher conversion-to-surgery rate, reduces waiting times, is cost effective and valued by patients, and that health outcomes are equivalent.
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