| 1211. |
- Qvarfordt, Mikaela, Doktorand, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Bioelectrical impedance and lung function - associations with gender and central obesity : results of the EpiHealth study
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Pulmonary Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2466. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundObesity is a major public health concern associated with various health problems, including respiratory impairment. Bioelectrical impedance (BIA) is used in health screening to assess body fat. However, there is no consensus in healthcare on how body fat should be assessed in relation to lung function. In this study, we aimed to investigate how BIA in relation to waist circumference contribute, using data from a large Swedish population study.MethodsA total of 17,097 participants (aged 45–75 years) were included in the study. The relationships between fat mass, waist circumference, and lung function were analysed using weighted quantile sum regression.ResultsIncreased fat mass was significantly associated with decreased lung function (FEV1, FVC) in both sexes. Also, the influence of trunk fat and waist circumference on FVC and FEV1 differed by sex: in males, waist circumference and trunk fat had nearly equal importance for FVC (variable weights of 0.42 and 0.41), whereas in females, trunk fat was significantly more important (variable weights 0.84 and 0.14). For FEV1, waist circumference was more important in males, while trunk fat was more significant in females (variable weights male 0.68 and 0.28 and 0.23 and 0.77 in female).ConclusionsOur results suggest that trunk fat should be considered when assessing the impact of adipose tissue on lung function and should potentially be included in the health controls.
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| 1212. |
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| 1213. |
- Rachman, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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DAVID : An open-source platform for real-time transformation of infra-segmental emotional cues in running speech
- 2018
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Ingår i: Behavior Research Methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1554-3528. ; 50:1, s. 323-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an open-source software platform that transforms emotional cues expressed by speech signals using audio effects like pitch shifting, inflection, vibrato, and filtering. The emotional transformations can be applied to any audio file, but can also run in real time, using live input from a microphone, with less than 20-ms latency. We anticipate that this tool will be useful for the study of emotions in psychology and neuroscience, because it enables a high level of control over the acoustical and emotional content of experimental stimuli in a variety of laboratory situations, including real-time social situations. We present here results of a series of validation experiments aiming to position the tool against several methodological requirements: that transformed emotions be recognized at above-chance levels, valid in several languages (French, English, Swedish, and Japanese) and with a naturalness comparable to natural speech.
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| 1214. |
- Rask-Andersen, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Association of the LINGO2-related SNP rs10968576 with body mass in a cohort of elderly Swedes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular Genetics and Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1617-4615 .- 1617-4623. ; 290:4, s. 1485-1491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified common genetic factors influencing body mass as well as body adiposity. The functional implications of these loci are currently under investigation. Intense scrutiny of the body mass-associated FTO locus revealed age-specific effects, or a weakened effect in elderly populations. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) representing 35 GWAS-identified body mass- and adiposity-associated genetic loci. In our analysis, 949 participants of the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors cohort were included. All participants were born between 1920 and 1924. Data were available for 474 male and 475 female participants at age 70 and 380 male and 390 female participants at age 75. Genetic associations with BMI and change in BMI from age 70 to 75 were analyzed. In our analysis, rs10968576, an intronic SNP within the LINGO2 (LERN3, LRRN6C) gene, was associated with body mass in a cross section of elderly Swedes at age 70. This is the first study to replicate the association of a LINGO2-related genetic variant with body mass in an independent cohort of elderly citizens.
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| 1215. |
- Reneland, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating angiotensin converting enzyme levels are increased in concentric, but not eccentric, left ventricular hypertrophy in elderly men
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 15:8, s. 885-890
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the cross-sectional relationship between circulating angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and echocardiographically determined left ventricular geometry in a study of 380 70-year-old men participating in a health-survey reexamination and 50 patients with hypertension. METHODS: Two-dimensional guided M-mode and Doppler echocardiography. Fluorometric assay of serum ACE activity. RESULTS: The serum ACE activity was higher in the elderly men with left ventricular concentric hypertrophy than it was in men with normal geometry and left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy (32, 27, and 26 U/l, respectively, P < 0.01 for both comparisons before and after adjustment for the 24 h mean arterial pressure, body mass index, and use of antihypertensive medication). The serum ACE activity correlated with the thickness of the left ventricular interventricular septum (r = 0.12, P = 0.0095), the left ventricular relative wall thickness (r = 0.13, P = 0.0053 ), and the total peripheral resistance (r = 0.16, P = 0.0034), but not with the left ventricular mass (r = -0.039, P = 0.45) of these elderly men. The serum ACE activity in the hypertensive patients also correlated with the left ventricular interventricular septum thickness (r = 0.34, P = 0.020) independently of the 24 h mean arterial blood pressure, age, sex, body mass index, and insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Levels of serum ACE activity are associated with left ventricular geometry.
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| 1216. |
- Rodriguez-Macias, Kenny A., et al.
(författare)
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Thicker carotid intima layer and thinner media layer in subjects with cardiovascular diseases : An investigation using noninvasive high-frequency ultrasound
- 2006
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 189:2, s. 393-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The thickness of the arterial intima increases and that of the media decreases with increasing age and degree of atherosclerosis. Separate estimates of the individual intima and media layers might therefore be more appropriate than the commonly used method estimating the combined intima-media thickness (IMT). Methods and results: One hundred consecutive 70-year-old subjects from the PIVUS study were investigated. Separate estimates of the thickness of the carotid artery intima and media wall layers were carried out noninvasively using 25 MHz high-frequency ultrasound. Subjects with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke had a significantly thicker intima layer (all P < 0.0001) and a thinner media layer (all P < 0.05) than healthy subjects. The intima/media thickness ratio also differed significantly between subjects with and without a diagnosis of CVD (0.43 +/- 0.20 versus 0.75 +/- 0.48, P = 0.0002). Subjects with hypertension or hyperlipidemia also had a thicker carotid intima than subjects without these diagnoses (P < 0.0005 for both). None of the corresponding intima + media thickness values differed significantly. Similar results were obtained in women and men. Conclusion: Separate assessment of carotid artery intima and media thickness using noninvasive high-frequency ultrasound appears to be of potential value. as a striking difference in intima thickness and the intima/media thickness ratio was found between subjects with and without CVD.
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| 1217. |
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| 1218. |
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| 1219. |
- Roll, Guntrade, et al.
(författare)
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Defect evaluation in InGaAs field effect transistors with HfO2 or Al2O3 dielectric
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 106:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of InGaAs metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors with Al2O3 or HfO2 as gate oxide is evaluated and compared. The Al2O3 transistors show the lowest subthreshold slope and mid gap D-it, however, the HfO2 transistors reach a higher maximum transconductance (g(max)) due to the higher oxide capacitance. Both high-kappa dielectrics show a g(m)-frequency dispersion due to tunneling into border traps with a negligible activation energy as determined from temperature dependent measurements. The total amount of trapped charge at border traps is lower in the HfO2 devices. Scaling the HfO2 thickness further reduces the g(m)-frequency dispersion, possibly due to detrapping to the gate electrode. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
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| 1220. |
- Roll, Guntrade, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Gate Voltage Stress on InGaAs MOSFET with HfO2 or Al2O3 Dielectric
- 2016
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability. - 1530-4388. ; 16:2, s. 112-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- InGaAs nMOSFETs with Al2O3 and HfO2 as dielectric are analyzed. The devices with Al 2O3 show a slightly better subthreshold slope. Both high-κ's have an equal transconductance frequency dispersion (gm-f). A reduction of gm-f is reached by scaling the HfO2 thickness. Positive gate stress leads to an increase in threshold voltage and subthreshold slope for all oxides. DC-gmax degradation is related purely to creation or activation of additional border traps during stress. The RF-gmax is not degraded. Similar time constants hint to a relation between the (semi-)stable degradation of DC-gmax and the threshold voltage increase. For the samples with HfO2, the effects of gate-stress induced additional border traps can only be detected at low frequencies. The created or activated defects are most likely located deep in the oxide. For Al2O3, the effect of additional border traps is also measurable at higher frequencies. The defects are created both closer to the Al2O3/InGaAs interface and deeper in the oxide.
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