| 61. |
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
- Cui, Peng, et al.
(författare)
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An Expandable Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Characterized by Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 142:29, s. 12743-12750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A molecular crystal of a 2-D hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) undergoes an unusual structural transformation after solvent removal from the crystal pores during activation. The conformationally flexible host molecule, ABTPA, adapts its molecular conformation during activation to initiate a framework expansion. The microcrystalline activated phase was characterized by three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED), which revealed that ABTPA uses out-of-plane anthracene units as adaptive structural anchors. These units change orientation to generate an expanded, lower density framework material in the activated structure. The porous HOF, ABTPA-2, has robust dynamic porosity (SA(BET) = 1 183 m(2) g(-1)) and exhibits negative area thermal expansion. We use crystal structure prediction (CSP) to understand the underlying energetics behind the structural transformation and discuss the challenges facing CSP for such flexible molecules.
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| 64. |
- Duong, Vicky, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring translational gaps between basic scientists, clinical researchers, clinicians, and consumers : Proceedings and recommendations arising from the 2020 mine the gap online workshop
- 2021
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Ingår i: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2665-9131. ; 3:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To provide a summary of the translational gaps in musculoskeletal research as identified in the Mine the Gap workshop and propose possible solutions. Methods: The Mine the Gap online workshop was hosted on October 14th and 15th, 2020. Five international panels, each comprised of a clinician, clinical researcher and basic scientist, presented gaps and proposed solutions for the themes of biomechanics, pain, biological measurements, phenotypes and imaging. This was followed by an interactive panel discussion with consumer insights. Results: A number of translational gaps and proposed solutions across each of the five themes were identified. A consumer panel provided constructive feedback highlighting the need for improved resources, communication and shared decision making, and treatment individualisation. Conclusion: This brief report provides a greater understanding of the diverse work and gaps relevant to fundamental/discovery scientists, clinical researchers and clinicians working across the musculoskeletal field. The numerous translational gaps highlight the need to improve communication and collaboration across the musculoskeletal field.
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| 65. |
- Egan, Allyson C, et al.
(författare)
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The Sound of Interconnectivity; The European Vasculitis Society 2022 Report
- 2022
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Ingår i: Kidney International Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-0249. ; 7:8, s. 1745-1757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first European Vasculitis Society (EUVAS) meeting report was published in 2017. Herein, we report on developments in the past 5 years which were greatly influenced by the pandemic. The adaptability to engage virtually, at this critical time in society, embodies the importance of networks and underscores the role of global collaborations. We outline state-of-the-art webinar topics, updates on developments in the last 5 years, and proposals for agendas going forward. A host of newly reported clinical trials is shaping practice on steroid minimization, maintenance strategies, and the role of newer therapies. To guide longer-term strategies, a longitudinal 10-year study investigating relapse, comorbidity, malignancy, and survival rates is at an advanced stage. Disease assessment studies are refining classification criteria to differentiate forms of vasculitis more fully. A large international validation study on the histologic classification of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) glomerulonephritis, recruiting new multicenter sites and comparing results with the Kidney Risk Score, has been conducted. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) genomics offers potential pathogenic subset and therapeutic insights. Among biomarkers, ANCA testing is favoring immunoassay as the preferred method for diagnostic evaluation. Consolidated development of European registries is progressing with an integrated framework to analyze large clinical data sets on an unprecedented scale.
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| 66. |
- Geraghty, A., et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based vestibular rehabilitation for older adults with chronic dizziness : A randomised controlled trial in primary care
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Vestibular dysfunction occurs in 50% of those over age 60, and with an ageing population the health burden will increase. Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) has been shown to be effective for dizziness caused by vestibular dysfunction, but it is seldom provided in primary care. The rapid growth in internet access provides a promising vehicle for VR to achieve widespread health impact. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of internet-based VR on chronic dizziness in older adults in primary care.Method: We conducted a single centre randomised controlled trial comparing an internet-based VR intervention with usual primary care. 296 primary care patients aged 50 years and over with current dizziness exacerbated by head movements were recruited from 54 primary care practices from southern England. Patients in the intervention arm accessed an automated internet-based intervention that taught VR exercises and suggested cognitive behavioural management strategies. Dizziness was measured by the Vertigo Symptom Short-Form (VSS-SF) at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The primary outcome was VSS-SF score at 6 months (ISRCTN: 86912968).Results: The VSS-SF was completed by 250 (84%) at 3 months and 230 (78%) at 6 months. Dizziness symptoms were significantly lower in the internet-based VR group compared to usual care at 3 (2.75, 95% CI:1.39, 4.12; p<0.001 and 6 months (2.26, 95% CI: 0.39, 4.12; p=0.018). Dizziness-related disability was also significantly lower in the internet-based VR condition, at 3 (5.33, 95% CI: 1.41, 9.26; p=0.008) and 6 month (5.58 95% CI: 1.19, 10.0; p=0.013).Discussion: Internet-based VR improves dizziness and reduces dizziness-based disability in older primary care patients without requiring structured guidance. The effectiveness without the need for health professional support indicates that this intervention could be made rapidly available to GPs for provision to their patients and wider dissemination in the community.
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| 67. |
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| 68. |
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| 69. |
- Kaußner, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing antibiotic use in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in adult women : a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Microbiology and Infection. - : Elsevier. - 1198-743X .- 1469-0691. ; 28:12, s. 1558-1566
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigated analgesics, herbal formulations, delayed prescription of antibiotics, and placebo to prevent overprescription of antibiotics in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTI).Objectives: To estimate the effect of these strategies and to identify symptoms, signs, or other factors that indicate a benefit from these strategies.Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventions: RCTs investigating any strategies to reduce antibiotics vs. immediate antibiotics in adult women with uUTI in primary care.Methods: We extracted individual participant data (IPD) if available, otherwise aggregate data (AD). Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis of the AD was used for pairwise comparisons. Candidate moderators and prognostic indicators of treatment effects were investigated using generalised linear mixed models based on IPD.Results: We analysed IPD of 3524 patients from eight RCTs and AD of 78 patients. Non-antibiotic strategies increased the rates of incomplete recovery (OR 3.0; 95% credible interval (CrI), 1.7–5.5; Bayesian p-value (pB) = 0.0017; τ = 0.6), subsequent antibiotic treatment (OR 3.5; 95% CrI, 2.1–5.8; pB = 0.0003) and pyelonephritis (OR 5.6; 95% CrI, 2.3–13.9; pB = 0.0003). Conversely, they decreased overall antibiotic use by 63%.Patients positive for urinary erythrocytes and urine culture were at increased risk for incomplete recovery (OR 4.7; 95% CrI, 2.1–10.8; pB = 0.0010), but no difference was apparent where both were negative (OR 0.8; 95% CrI, 0.3–2.0; pB = 0.667). In patients treated using non-antibiotic strategies, urinary erythrocytes and positive urine culture were independent prognostic indicators for subsequent antibiotic treatment and pyelonephritis.Conclusions: Compared to immediate antibiotics, non-antibiotic strategies reduce overall antibiotic use but result in poorer clinical outcomes. The presence of erythrocytes and tests to confirm bacteria in urine could be used to target antibiotic prescribing.
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