| 21. |
- Gander, Pierre, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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A social differential outcomes learning task: Performance, EEG, and questionnaire data
- 2020
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article contains performance data, questionnaire ratings, and EEG data from a differential outcomes learning task from two experiments. In both experiments, the standard differential outcomes learning task was extended to involve a social dimension, in order to capture how people can learn from others by observation. In Experiment 1 (N=20), using a within-subjects design, participants learned pairings of image stimuli in four conditions: 1) individual-differential outcomes, 2) individual-non-differential outcomes, 3) social-differential outcomes, and 4) social-non-differential outcomes. The social condition had a screen-captured video recording of the outcomes (but not the actions themselves) of another person performing the task. During the task, the performance of the participants was measured. After the task, participants rated their experience in a questionnaire. The procedure for Experiment 2 (N=33) was similar to Experiment 1, but with a stronger social manipulation using a video of another person's face showing facial expressions reflecting the outcomes. In addition, EEG was measured while performing the task. For more insight, please see Vicarious value learning: Knowledge transfer through affective processing on a social differential outcomes task (Rittmo et al., 2020).
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| 22. |
- Gander, Pierre, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in experienced memory qualities between factual and fictional events
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Cognition and Culture. - 1567-7095. ; 23:3–4, s. 378-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The experienced qualities of memories of factual and fictional events have been little researched previously. The few studies that exist find no or few differences. However, one reason to expect differences in memory qualities is that processing of fact and fiction seem to involve activation of different brain areas. The present study expands earlier research by including a wider range of memory qualities, using positive and negative events, and three time-points: immediately after, after a ten-minute delay and after a five-week delay. Participants (N = 52) read four short stories in English, labelled either fact or fiction, and rated memory qualities on 7-point scales. Results show no differences; however, an interaction was found between fictionality and story emotional valence, in that memories of negative fictional stories are rated as more clear. The higher clarity can be explained by previous findings that negative events from stories are in general remembered in more detail, in combination with the idea that fiction entails simulation to a higher degree than fact. The conclusion is that although a difference in memory qualities between fact and fiction was found in one case, memory qualities seem not to play an operative role when the memory system distinguishes fact from fiction.
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| 23. |
- Gander, Pierre, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Memory of Fictional Information: A Theoretical Framework
- 2023
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Psychological Science. - 1745-6916 .- 1745-6924.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much of the information people encounter in everyday life is not factual; it originates from fictional sources, such as movies, novels, and video games, and from direct experience such as pretense, role-playing, and everyday conversation. Despite the recent increase in research on fiction, there is no theoretical account of how memory of fictional information is related to other types of memory or of which mechanisms allow people to separate fact and fiction in memory. We present a theoretical framework that places memory of fiction in relation to other cognitive phenomena as a distinct construct and argue that it is an essential component for any general theory of human memory. We show how fictionality can be integrated in an existing memory model by extending Rubin’s dimensional conceptual memory model. By this means, our model can account for explicit and implicit memory of fictional information of events, places, characters, and objects. Further, we propose a set of mechanisms involving various degrees of complexity and levels of conscious processing that mostly keep fact and fiction separated but also allow information from fiction to influence real-world attitudes and beliefs: content-based reasoning, source monitoring, and an associative link from the memory to the concept of fiction.
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| 24. |
- Gander, Pierre, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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What kind of memory is memory of fiction?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Swedish Cognitive Science Society.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 25. |
- Kiryazov, Kiril, et al.
(författare)
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From the virtual to the robotic : Bringing emoting and appraising agents into reality
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd European Future Technologies Conference and Exhibition 2011 (FET 11). - : Elsevier. ; , s. 241-243
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- - A classical appraisal model of emotions extended with artificial metabolic mechanisms is presented. The new architecture is based on two existing models: WASABI and a model of Microbial Fuel Cell technology. WASABI is a top-down cognitive model which is implemented in several virtual world applications such as a museum guide. Microbial fuel cells provide energy for the robot through digesting food. The presented work is a first step towards imbuing a physical robot with emotions of human-like complexity. Classically, such integration has only been attempted in the virtual domain. The research aim is to study the embodied appraisal theory and to show the role of the body in the emotion mechanisms. Some initial tests of the architecture with humanoid NAO robot in a minimalistic scenario are presented. © Selection and peer-review under responsibility of FET11 conference organizers and published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 26. |
- Kiryazov, Kiril
(författare)
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Grounding Emotion Appraisal in Autonomous Humanoids
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The work presented in this dissertation investigates the problem for resource management of autonomous robots. Acting under the constraint of limited resources is a necessity for every robot which should perform tasks independent of human control. Some of the most important variables and performance criteria for adaptive behavior under resource constraints are discussed. Concepts like autonomy, self-sufficiency, energy dynamics, work utility, effort of action, and optimal task selection are defined and analyzed as the emphasis is on the resource balance in interaction with a human. The primary resource for every robot is its energy. In addition to the regulation of its “energy homeostasis”, a robot should perform its designer’s tasks with the required level of efficiency. A service robot residing in a human-centered environment should perform some social tasks like cleaning, helping elderly people or delivering goods. Maintaining a proper quality of work and, at the same time, not running out of energy represents a basic two-resource problem which was used as a test-bed scenario in the thesis. Safety is an important aspect of any human-robot interaction. Thus, a new three – resource problem (energy, work quality, safety) is presented and also used for the experimental investigations in the thesis.The main contribution of the thesis is developing an affective cognitive architecture. The architecture uses top-down ethological models of action selection. The action selection mechanisms are nested into a model of human affect based on appraisal theory of emotion. The arousal component of the architecture is grounded into electrical energy processes in the robotic body and is modulating the effort of movement. The provided arousal mechanism has an important functional role for the adaptability of the robot in the proposed two- and three resource scenarios. These investigations are part of a more general goal of grounding highlevel emotion substrates - Pleasure Arousal Dominance emotion space in homeostatic processes in humanoid robots. The development of the architecture took inspiration from several computation architectures of emotion in robotics, which are analyzed in the thesis.Sustainability of the basic cycles of the essential variables of a robotic system is chosen as a basic performance measure for validating the emotion components of the architecture and the grounding process. Several experiments are performed with two humanoid robots – iCub and NAO showing the role of task selection mechanism and arousal component of the architecture for the robot’s self-sufficiency and adaptability.
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| 27. |
- Kiryazov, Kiril, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling Embodied Appraisal in Humanoids : Grounding PAD space for Augmented Autonomy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Workshop on Standards in Emotion Modeling, 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A computational emotion architecture is presented which grounds an aspect of an appraisal theoretic architecture in energy related processes. The incorporation of an energy constraint on emotional-cognitive behaviour allows greater potential for autonomous agency when implemented on a physical (NAO) robot platform. In this paper we present an algorithm that enables metabolic grounding of the arousal component of the PAD emotion space used in the architecture. We describe an exemplar problem that abstracts variables and performance criteria relevant to service robotics applications. Future work on further integration based on neurobiological grounding is discussed as well as means by which the exemplar scenario may be scaled up to more realistic service robotics based scenarios.
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| 28. |
- Kiryazov, Kiril, et al.
(författare)
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The role of arousal in embodying the cueXdeficit model in multi-resource human robot interaction
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advances in Artificial Life, ECAL 2013, Proceedings of the Twelfth European Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living System. - : MIT Press. ; , s. 19-26, s. 19-26
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper is investigated the problem of managing limited resources in human-robot interaction with a computational architecture of emotion. The architecture is based on the appraisal theory of affect and an ethological motivational model of task selection. Key variables and performance criteria for robotic energy autonomous behaviour in interaction with humans are discussed. The role of arousal for modulating effort of movement is explored. It is shown that the architecture can manage task selection and the effort of the movement and offers sustainable basic-cycles in exemplar "two-resource problem" test-bed scenarios for an iCub robot. An extension of the architecture with a third "resource"—safety—is presented and how the architecture is able to solve the new "three-resource" problem is demonstrated.
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| 29. |
- Kiryazov, Kiril, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of arousal in two-resource problem tasks for humanoid service robots
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE RO-MAN 2013. - : IEEE. - 9781479905096 ; , s. 62-69
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A computational architecture of emotion is presented which grounds a component of an appraisal cognitive model into the homeostatic processes of a humanoid robot. The focus of the present work entails a `grounding' of the arousal component of the Pleasure Arousal Dominance emotion space into the electrical energy processes of an iCub robot. Key variables and performance criteria for robotic energy autonomous behavior in interaction with human are discussed. We show that our bio-inspired affective architecture offers viable basic cycles in exemplar “two-resource problem” testbed scenarios for a real iCub robot. The expression of the robot's emotional state and its role for the efficient interaction in the proposed two-resource problem task is discussed and experimental designs are presented.
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| 30. |
- Lee, Gauss, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling Early Infant Walking : Testing a Generic CPG Architecture on the NAO Humanoid
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL), 2011. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781612849898 ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, a simple CPG network is shown to model early infant walking, in particular the onset of independent walking. The difference between early infant walking and early adult walking is addressed with respect to the underlying neurophysiology and evaluated according to gait attributes. Based on this, we successfully model the early infant walking gait on the NAO robot and compare its motion dynamics and performance to those of infants. Our model is able to capture the core properties of early infant walking. We identify differences in the morphologies between the robot and infant and the effect of this on their respective performance. In conclusion, early infant walking can be seen to develop as a function of the CPG network and morphological characteristics.
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