| 131. |
- Stark, Jennifer R., et al.
(författare)
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Prospective study of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate cancer incidence and mortality : Physicians' Health Study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - Cary, USA : Oxford University Press. - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 101:20, s. 1406-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A recent nested case-control study found that the presence of antibodies against Trichomonas vaginalis, a common nonviral sexually transmitted infection, was positively associated with subsequent incidence of prostate cancer. We confirmed these findings in an independent population and related serostatus for antibodies against T vaginalis to prostate cancer incidence and mortality.Methods: We conducted a case-control study nested within the Physicians' Health Study that included 673 case subjects with prostate cancer and 673 individually matched control subjects who had available plasma samples. Plasma from blood samples collected at baseline was assayed for antibodies against T vaginalis with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of incident prostate cancer, extraprostatic prostate cancer, and cancer that would ultimately progress to bony metastases or prostate cancer-specific death.Results: Although not statistically significant, the magnitude of the association between T vaginalis-seropositive status and overall prostate cancer risk (OR = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.94 to 1.61) was similar to that reported previously. Furthermore, a seropositive status was associated with statistically significantly increased risks of extraprostatic prostate cancer (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.08 to 4.37) and of cancer that would ultimately progress to bony metastases or prostate cancer-specific death (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.37 to 5.28).Conclusions: This large prospective case-control study obtained further support for an association between a seropositive status for antibodies against T vaginalis and the risk of prostate cancer, with statistically significant associations identified for the risk of extraprostatic prostate cancer and for clinically relevant, potentially lethal prostate cancer.
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| 132. |
- Sun, Yasong, et al.
(författare)
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Angular-spatial upwind element differential method for radiative heat transfer in a concentric spherical participating medium
- 2022
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Ingår i: Engineering analysis with boundary elements. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0955-7997 .- 1873-197X. ; 144, s. 19-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiative intensity with high directional and spatial resolutions can provide abundant useful information for combustion diagnosis systems based on radiative images. In this paper, an angular-spatial upwind element differential method (ASUEDM) is developed to discretize angular direction and spatial domain of radiative transfer equation (RTE) in a spherically participating medium. Because of the strong convection characteristic of radiative transfer equation, an upwind scheme is adopted to suppress the numerical oscillation. Meanwhile, Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto nodes are used to minimize the effect of the Runge phenomenon. Unlike conductive or convective boundary conditions, radiative boundary condition is unidirectional boundary condition, and a singularity node exists at the boundary. To deal with this singularity, we propose a discontinuous strategy. Three examples of radiative heat transfer in concentric spheres are chosen to test the capability of ASUEDM. Compared with benchmark solutions, ASUEDM can provide higher accuracy than discrete ordinates method or finite volume method. Besides, ASUEDM can flexibly provide hp convergence rate and achieve high-resolution characterization in angular direction and spatial domain.
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| 133. |
- Tian, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Attomolar Zika virus oligonucleotide detection based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification and AC susceptometry
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 86, s. 420-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Because of the serological cross-reactivity among the flaviviruses, molecular detection methods, such as reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), play an important role in the recent Zika outbreak. However, due to the limited sensitivity, the detection window of RT-PCR for Zika viremia is only about one week after symptom onset. By combining loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and AC susceptometry, we demonstrate a rapid and homogeneous detection system for the Zika virus oligonucleotide. Streptavidin-magnetic nanoparticles (streptavidin-MNPs) are premixed with LAMP reagents including the analyte and biotinylated primers, and their hydrodynamic volumes are dramatically increased after a successful LAMP reaction. Analyzed by a portable AC susceptometer, the changes of the hydrodynamic volume are probed as Brownian relaxation frequency shifts, which can be used to quantify the Zika virus oligonucleotide. The proposed detection system can recognize 1 aM synthetic Zika virus oligonucleotide in 20% serum with a total assay time of 27 min, which can hopefully widen the detection window for Zika viremia and is therefore promising in worldwide Zika fever control.
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| 134. |
- Tian, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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On-Particle Rolling Circle Amplification-Based Core-Satellite Magnetic Superstructures for MicroRNA Detection
- 2018
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 10:3, s. 2957-2964
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Benefiting from the specially tailored properties of the building blocks as well as of the scaffolds, DNA-assembled core satellite superstructures have gained increasing interest-in drug delivery, imaging, and biosensing. The load of satellites plays,,a vital role in core satellite superstructures, and it determines the signal intensity in response to a biological/physical stimulation/actuation. Herein, for the first time, we utilize on-particle rolling circle amplification (RCA) to prepare rapidly responsive-core satellite magnetic superstructures With a high load of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) Satellites. Combined with duplex-specific nuclease-assisted target recycling) the proposed magnetic superstructures hold great promise in sensitive and rapid microRNA detection. The long single-stranded DNA produced by RCA serving as the scaffold of the core satellite superstructure can be hydrolyzed by duplex-Specific nuclease in the presence of target microRNA, resulting in a release of MNPs that can be quantified in an optomagnetic sensor. The proposed biosensor has a-simple mix separate measure strategy. For let-7b detection, the proposed biosensor offers a wide linear detection range of approximately 5 orders of magnitude with a detection sensitivity of 1 fM. Moreover, it has the capability to discriminate single-nucleotide mismatches and to detect let-7b in cell extracts and serum, thus showing considerable potential for clinical applications.
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| 135. |
- Tian, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Optomagnetic Detection of MicroRNA Based on Duplex-Specific Nuclease-Assisted Target Recycling and Multilayer Core-Satellite Magnetic Superstructures
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 11:2, s. 1798-1806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superstructural assembly of magnetic nanoparticles enables approaches to biosensing by combining specially tailored properties of superstructures and the particular advantages associated with a magnetic or optomagnetic read-out such as low background signal, easy manipulation, cost-efficiency, and potential for bioresponsive multiplexing. Herein, we demonstrate a sensitive and rapid miRNA detection method based on optomagnetic read-out, duplex-specific nuclease (DSN)-assisted target recycling, and the use of multilayer core-satellite magnetic superstructures. Triggered by the presence of target miRNA and DSN-assisted target recycling, the core-satellite magnetic superstructures release their "satellites" to the suspension, which subsequently can be quantified accurately in a lowcost and user-friendly optomagnetic setup. Target miRNAs are preserved in the cleaving reaction and can thereby trigger more cleavage and release of "satellites". For singleplex detection of let-7b, a linear detection range between 10 fM and 10 nM was observed, and a detection limit of 4.8 fM was obtained within a total assay time of 70 min. Multiplexing was achieved by releasing nanoparticles of different sizes in the presence of different miRNAs. The proposed method also has the advantages of single-nucleotide mismatch discrimination and the ability of quantification in a clinical sample matrix, thus holding great promise for miRNA routine multiplex diagnostics.
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| 136. |
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| 137. |
- Tian, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid Newcastle Disease Virus Detection based on Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Optomagnetic Readout
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACS Sensors. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2379-3694. ; 1:10, s. 1228-1234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapid and sensitive diagnostic methods based on isothermal amplification are ideal substitutes for PCR in out-of-lab settings. However, there are bottlenecks in terms of establishing low-cost and user-friendly readout methods for isothermal amplification schemes. Combining the high amplification efficiency of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with an optomagnetic' nanoparticle-based readout system, we demonstrate ultrasensitive and rapid detection of Newcastle disease virus RNA. Biotinylated amplicons of LAMP and reverse transcription LAMP (RT-LAMP) bind to streptavidin-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) resulting in a dramatical increase in the hydrodynamic size of the MNPs. This increase was measured by an optomagnetic readout system and provided quantitative information on the amount of LAMP target sequence. Our assay resulted in a limit of detection of 10 aM of target sequence with a total assay time of 30 min. The assay has also been tested on clinical samples (vaccine and tissue specimens) with a performance comparable to real-time RT-PCR By changing the LAMP primers, this strategy can serve as a general method for the detection of other DNA/RNA targets with high specificity and sensitivity.
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| 138. |
- Travis, Ruth C., et al.
(författare)
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CYP19A1 Genetic Variation in Relation to Prostate Cancer Risk and Circulating Sex Hormone Concentrations in Men from the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 18:10, s. 2734-2744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sex hormones, particularly the androgens, are important for the growth of the prostate gland and have been implicated in prostate cancer carcinogenesis, yet the determinants of endogenous steroid hormone levels remain poorly understood. Twin studies suggest a heritable component for circulating concentrations of sex hormones, although epidemiologic evidence linking steroid hormone gene variants to prostate cancer is limited. Here we report on findings from a comprehensive study of genetic variation at the CYP19A1 locus in relation to prostate cancer risk and to circulating steroid hormone concentrations in men by the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3), a large collaborative prospective study. The BPC3 systematically characterized variation in CYP19A1 by targeted resequencing and dense genotyping; selected haplotype-tagging single nuclecitide polymorphisms (htSNP) that efficiently predict common variants in U.S. and Europe-an whites, Latinos, Japanese Americans, and Native Hawaiians; and genotyped these htSNPs; in 8,166 prostate cancer cases and 9,079 study-, age-, and ethnicity-matched controls. CYP19A1 htSNPs, two common missense variants and common haplotypes were not significantly associated with risk of prostate cancer. However, several htSNPs in linkage disequilibrium blocks 3 and 4 were significantly associated with a 5% to 10% difference in estradiol concentrations in men [association per copy of the two-SNP haplotype rs749292-rs727479 (A-A) versus noncarriers; P = 1 x 10(-5)], and with inverse, although less marked changes, in free testosterone concentrations. These results suggest that although germline variation in CYP19A1 characterized by the htSNPs produces measurable differences in sex hormone concentrations in men, they do not substantially influence risk of prostate cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(10):2734-44)
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| 139. |
- Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., et al.
(författare)
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Interactions Between Genome-wide Significant Genetic Variants and Circulating Concentrations of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, Sex Hormones, and Binding Proteins in Relation to Prostate Cancer Risk in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 175:9, s. 926-935
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with prostate cancer risk. There is limited information on the mechanistic basis of these associations, particularly about whether they interact with circulating concentrations of growth factors and sex hormones, which may be important in prostate cancer etiology. Using conditional logistic regression, the authors compared per-allele odds ratios for prostate cancer for 39 GWAS-identified SNPs across thirds (tertile groups) of circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), testosterone, androstenedione, androstanediol glucuronide, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) for 3,043 cases and 3,478 controls in the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium. After allowing for multiple testing, none of the SNPs examined were significantly associated with growth factor or hormone concentrations, and the SNP-prostate cancer associations did not differ by these concentrations, although 4 interactions were marginally significant (MSMB-rs10993994 with androstenedione (uncorrected P = 0.008); CTBP2-rs4962416 with IGFBP-3 (uncorrected P = 0.003); 11q13.2-rs12418451 with IGF-1 (uncorrected P = 0.006); and 11q13.2-rs10896449 with SHBG (uncorrected P = 0.005)). The authors found no strong evidence that associations between GWAS-identified SNPs and prostate cancer are modified by circulating concentrations of IGF-1, sex hormones, or their major binding proteins.
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| 140. |
- Wang, Dianzheng, et al.
(författare)
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Cracking in laser additively manufactured W : Initiation mechanism and a suppression approach by alloying
- 2019
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Ingår i: Materials & design. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-1275 .- 1873-4197. ; 162, s. 384-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cracking represents the main challenge for exploiting tungsten in additive manufacturing. In this study, laser powder-bed-fusion technique was applied to additively manufacture tungsten. In the built bulks, the grain boundaries were found to be rich in nanoscale gas pores. On the basis of that, a nanopore segregation induced cracking initiation mechanism was proposed. In order to control cracks, W-6wt.%Ta alloy was produced and the cracking suppression mechanism was investigated. The W-6Ta alloy is characterized by a submicron intragranular cellular structure, which composed large amount of interlocked dislocations as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. Owing to the cellular structure, the nanopores were trapped inside grains, which can reduce the cracking possibility. Moreover, the W-Ta alloy possesses higher strength (by 17%) and higher energy dissipation rate (by 52%) than pure tungsten, which both are beneficial for crack reduction.
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