| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Shev, S, et al.
(författare)
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Second-generation hepatitis C Elisa antibody tests confirmed by the four-antigen recombinant immunoblot assay correlate well with hepatitis C viremia and chronic liver disease in Swedish blood donors
- 1993
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - 1423-0410. ; 65:1, s. 32-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seventy-three Swedish blood donors (52 men, 21 women; median age 36 years) repeatedly reactive for hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV C-100-3) were tested with a second-generation (2nd-gen) anti-HCV Elisa and a 4-band recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA 2). These results were correlated to serum alanine aminotransferase (S-ALAT), liver morphology and viremia as detected by 'nested' polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on primers from a 5'-noncoding sequence of the HCV genome. Thirty-five of 46 (76%) donors with positive 2nd-gen Elisa tests confirmed by RIBA 2 were PCR positive whereof 27 had histological findings compatible with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) and 7 had chronic active hepatitis (CAH). Ten of 56 (18%) 2nd-gen Elisa-positive donors were RIBA 2 negative (or indeterminate) and none of these had chronic hepatitis nor were PCR positive. Seventeen of 73 (23%) donors were 1st-gen Elisa positive but 2nd-gen Elisa negative. All of these were PCR negative and only 1 (6%) had chronic hepatitis (CPH). An elevated S-ALAT level (reference < 0.7 mu kat/l) was found in 26 2nd-gen Elisa and RIBA 2-positive donors of which 18 had CPH and 7 had CAH and all 25 were PCR positive. A normal S-ALAT level was found in 9 of 34 (26%) donors with chronic hepatitis (all had CPH) and positive PCR. We have found that blood donors with positive 2nd-gen anti-HCV Elisa tests confirmed by RIBA-2 and especially with a concomitant elevated S-ALAT are highly likely to be viremic as demonstrated by PCR and to have chronic hepatitis.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Bestas, Burcu, et al.
(författare)
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Splice-correcting oligonucleotides restore BTK function in X-linked agammaglobulinemia model
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 124:9, s. 4067-4081
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an inherited immunodeficiency that results from mutations within the gene encoding Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Many XLA-associated mutations affect splicing of BTK pre-mRNA and severely impair B cell development. Here, we assessed the potential of antisense, splice-correcting oligonucleotides (SCOs) targeting mutated BTKtranscripts for treating XLA. Both the SCO structural design and chemical properties were optimized using 2'-O-methyl, locked nucleic acid, or phosphorodiamidate morpholino backbones. In order to have access to an animal model of XLA, we engineered a transgenic mouse that harbors a BAC with an authentic, mutated, splice-defective human BTK gene. BTK transgenic mice were bred onto a Btk knockout background to avoid interference of the orthologous mouse protein. Using this model, we determined that BTK-specific SCOs are able to correct aberrantly spliced BTK in B lymphocytes, including pro-B cells. Correction of BTK mRNA restored expression of functional protein, as shown both by enhanced lymphocyte survival and reestablished BTK activation upon B cell receptor stimulation. Furthermore, SCO treatment corrected splicing and restored BTK expression in primary cells from patients with XLA. Together, our data demonstrate that SCOs can restore BTK function and that BTK-targeting SCOs have potential as personalized medicine in patients with XLA.
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| 16. |
- Biague, A, et al.
(författare)
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High sexual risk taking and diverging trends of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in the military of Guinea Bissau
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of infection in developing countries. - : Journal of Infection in Developing Countries. - 1972-2680. ; 4:5, s. 301-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: HIV and other sexually transmitted infections are a growing problem in the military personnel of Africa, and information about this problem in Guinea-Bissau is lacking. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and trends of the HIV epidemics in the military forces of Guinea Bissau and to explore possible risk factors for HIV infection. Methodology: Repeated cross-sectional surveys of HIV-1 and HIV-2 were conducted between 1992 and 2005, and knowledge, sexual behaviour and risk factors for HIV-1 and HIV-2 in military personnel in Guinea-Bissau were assessed. Results: The seroprevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1+HIV-2 dual reactivity was 1.1%, 8.4% and 0.1% in 1992-95, and in 2005 7.7%, 5.1% and 1.9%, respectively. Both the increase of HIV-1 and the decline of HIV-2 between 1992-95 and 2005 were significant when adjusted for age (p < 0.001 for both changes). Only a minority did not know how HIV transmits, but sexual risk taking was high. Several significant risk factors were found in univariate analyses for HIV-1 and HIV-2, but the only risk factor that remained significant after multivariate regression analysis was previous contact with a prostitute among HIV-1-positive subjects (single and dually reactive) (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The increasing trend of HIV-1 and the high risky sexual behavior illustrate the need for improvement in HIV/AIDS prevention efforts among military personnel in Guinea Bissau.
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| 17. |
- Guenot, Diego, et al.
(författare)
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Probing electron correlation on the attosecond time scale
- 2014
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Ingår i: High Intensity Lasers and High Field Phenomena, HILAS 2014. - 9781557529954
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of single and double ionization time delays in various noble gases using an interferometric method. The measured delays allow us to extract information on the electron correlation.
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| 18. |
- Hansson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring of kindreds with hereditary predisposition for cutaneous melanoma and dysplastic nevus syndrome: results of a Swedish preventive program
- 2007
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Ingår i: J Clin Oncol. ; 25:19, s. 2819-2824
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate a program initiated in 1987 by the Swedish Melanoma Study Group aiming to provide preventive surveillance to kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma and dysplastic nevus syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Overall, 2,080 individuals belonging to 280 melanoma families were followed for 14 years between 1987 and 2001 at 12 participating centers. Data were registered in a central database. RESULTS: Among 1,912 skin lesions excised during follow-up, 41 melanomas were removed in 32 individuals. Of these, 15 (37%) were in situ melanomas and 26 (63%) invasive melanomas. The median tumor thickness of invasive melanomas was 0.5 mm. Ulceration was absent in 24 of 26 invasive melanomas (92%) and 12 (46%) lacked vertical growth phase. Compared with melanomas in the general Swedish population, the melanomas identified in these kindreds during follow-up had better prognostic characteristics. All melanomas except one were diagnosed in families with two or more first-degree relatives with melanoma. Diagnosis of melanoma occurred in three of eight kindreds with germline CDKN2A mutations, supporting that families with such mutations are at increased risk for melanoma development. Of the 32 individuals who developed melanoma during follow-up, 21 (66%) had had at least one previously diagnosed melanoma. CONCLUSION: This study shows that a coordinated program aimed at detecting and offering skin surveillance in kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma results in a low incidence of melanomas during the follow-up period and that the tumors that do arise have favorable prognostic characteristics.
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