| 51. |
- Jiang, Z. K, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetimes of Rydberg Levels In the Perturbed 6snp P-1,3(1) Series of Ybi
- 1995
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9601. ; 204:1, s. 49-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using two methods: (1) three-step excitation and (2) single UV photon excitation in an atomic beam with direct observation of the decay of the fluorescence light, we have measured the lifetimes of the Rydberg levels of YbI belonging to the perturbed series 6snp J = 1 levels. The measured values have been interpreted by the multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT).
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| 52. |
- Johansson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
-
PCR-generated linear DNA fragments utilized as a hantavirus DNA vaccine
- 2002
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Ingår i: Vaccine. - 0264-410X .- 1873-2518. ; 20:27-28, s. 3379-3388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The field of DNA vaccines has grown rapidly, and since most such vaccines involve the inoculation of large circular DNA molecules previously propagated in bacteria, several inconveniences (e.g. the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, impurities from bacterial cultures or inefficient uptake of the large and bulky plasmid DNA molecules to the nucleus) are debated. In this study, we have explored the possibility of using smaller and more flexible PCR-generated linear DNA fragments instead. Phosphorothioate (PTO)-modified primers were used successfully to protect the PCR-generated DNA fragments from exonuclease degradation, and by using a nuclear localization signal-peptide to target the linear DNA to the nucleus the immune response against the encoded antigen was further improved. This approach was tested in cell culture using a sensitive reporter system and in vivo with DNA encoding the amino-terminus of the Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein. Our results indicate that linear DNA fragments have a great potential as a genetic vaccine and phosphorothioate modification in combination with a nuclear localization signal peptide increase the stability and targets the linear DNA molecules to the nucleus resulting in an improved biological response examined both in vitro and in vivo.
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| 53. |
- Johansson, Peter
(författare)
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Quality management and sustainability : exploring stakeholder orientation
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In today's society, organisations are exposed to stiff competition, and wants and expectations might change rapidly. In order to survive, all organisations must meet wants and expectations from a number of actors who can cause the organisation to fail. These actors are called stakeholders. At the same time as organisations are struggling to survive and prosper, it has become increasingly important for everybody to act in a way that does not endanger global sustainability. In the last few decades a number of management systems have been introduced in order to facilitate for the management of organisations the task of promoting both organisational and global sustainability. In the present study, quality management, environmental management systems and stakeholder theory have been investigated in order to contribute to the knowledge of how an organisation can be managed in order to achieve both organisational and global sustainability. In order to conduct the research, an archival analysis of nine manufacturing Swedish companies was made in order to find out if their environmental performance had improved during the last decade and if such improvements could be linked to the certification of an environmental management system. A case study was also made in order to explore how organisations may be managed in order to achieve both organisational and global sustainability. The results of the research show that the investigated companies have improved their environmental performance, but the connection to the certification of the EMS is not apparent. The results also include a stakeholder model that could be suitable in order to integrate stakeholder theory and quality management. Organisational sustainability is argued be achieved if the organisation manages to endlessly satisfy or exceed the demands of its stakeholders. Where stakeholders are considered to be actors that: (i) provide essential means of support required by an organisation; and (ii) could withdraw their support if their wants or expectations are not met, thus causing the organisation to fail, or inflicting unacceptable levels of damage. The aim of a third generation of quality management could then be for the organisation to satisfy, or preferably exceed, the wants and expectations of its customers subject to meeting the demands of its other stakeholders, in order to fulfil the aim of the organisation. To also promote global sustainability, the organisation should aim to satisfy, or preferably exceed, the wants and expectations of its stakeholders without compromising the ability of other parties to meet their needs, both present and future. It is to be hoped that the proposed stakeholder model can be used in both existing and future management concepts in order to help companies to promote both organisational and global sustainability.
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term outcome of displaced radial neck fractures in adulthood.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3682 .- 1745-3674. ; 80:3, s. 368-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background There have been no reports on the long-term outcome of radial neck Mason type IIIb fractures in adults. Methods 3 women and 2 men, aged 46 (22-69) years when they sustained a radial neck Mason type IIIb fracture, were evaluated after an average of 18 (16-21) years. All had been treated with radial head excision. Results 3 individuals had no subjective elbow complaints while 2 reported occasional weakness. None had severe elbow complaints. The maximum elbow-to-elbow difference in range of motion was a deficit of mean 10 degrees in extension in the injured elbow. Mean deficits in elbow flexion, forearm pronation, and forearm supination were below 5 degrees and the mean difference in cubitus valgus angle was only 2 degrees . There was no instability and no recurrent elbow dislocations. Radiographically, there were cysts, sclerosis, and osteophytes in all formerly injured elbows but none in the uninjured elbows. We found reduced joint space in 1 elbow that had been formerly injured. Interpretation Mason type IIIb fracture in adults, treated with radial head excision, appears to have a favorable long-term outcome.
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| 56. |
- Karlsson, Michael, 1970-
(författare)
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Mediernas teknologiska villkor
- 2012. - 2
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Ingår i: Medierna och demokratin. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144009889 ; , s. 93-116
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 57. |
- Karlsson, Martin, 1974
(författare)
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Organizing Technology Planning - A contingent approach
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation concerns the introduction of market/business requirements early in the R&D processes, with special focus on the organizational aspects of planning for those early phases. Companies like Motorola, Volvo, and Philips Electronics have made efforts to improve the communication needed for such planning, as they recognize the potential danger of not having enough market information in early R&D stages when many important business decisions are made, or of lacking the required technical competence when creating market plans. To facilitate this communication, an area of research has arisen during the last two decades which aims at an operative planning approach to ensuring early communication between Technology Development and Marketing. The term Technology Planning has here been chosen as a collective name for this approach. The research until now in the area is, however, weak regarding a number of organizational aspects for example the organizational position of the activity and the formulation of its goals, which are key determinants of the possibilities to carry out Technology Planning in practice. The research strategy chosen in this dissertation is based on a multiple-case comparison, with three business units from Volvo Aero Corporation and one business unit at Ericsson Communication Systems as cases. Data have been collected through both a questionnaire and approximately 100 interviews. The major findings presented concern, firstly, identification and analysis of situational parameters to which the Technology Planning activity must be adapted, the effects of the organizational type in which the Technology Planning activity is done, the effects of different levels of complexity in the environment on Technology Planning, and the effects of differences in level of priority given to the activity. The second part of the findings specifies the adaptations which can be made to match the activity to the situational differences. Among the main topics discussed are were the activity should be placed in the organization, the need for decentralization and creation of hierarchy in environments with high complexity, and the balancing of formal versus informal communication structures between communicating parties.
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
- Karlsson, Monica
(författare)
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Progression and Regression. Aspects of Advanced Swedish Students' Competence in English Grammar
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates advanced Swedish students’ development of three grammatical phenomena: subject-verb concord, prepositions and article use in compositions and translations. In order to describe the students’ development of these categories, actual errors are related to potential errors forming so called ‘error scores’. When the error score for the first test opportunity is compared with the last one, three different developmental patterns appear: a progression pattern, a regression pattern and a U-curve developmental pattern. In addition, in each category there are students who are error-free, and who thus form a zero group. As for the students’ mastery of subject-verb concord, errors with subject noun heads that contrast as to number in Swedish and English are found to induce a considerable number of errors. It is also found that it is with these subject heads that students progress the most. However, since such errors are taken to be lexical in nature, they are considered separately from ‘true’ concord errors. Once errors involving contrastive lexical heads are removed, students appear to fossilise with subject-verb concord in both compositions and translations, although it was found that students experience considerably and consistently more problems with noncontiguous subject-verb constructions than with contiguous ones. The students’ development of prepositional uses is considered from a predictability continuum. ‘Basic’ prepositional uses are defined as uses that are easy to predict because they are identical in the two languages. ‘Systematic’ prepositional uses are believed to be somewhat more difficult to predict than ‘basic’ prepositional uses since they involve the memorising of rules and prefabricated patterns. (It is the introduction of this prepositional category that justifies the inclusion of prepositions in a study of grammatical phenomena.) ‘Idiomatic’ prepositional uses are hypothesised to be most difficult to predict since they involve item-by-item memorisation and cannot be generalised in the way ‘systematic’ prepositional uses can. The hypotheses are confirmed in several ways. For example, the error score is lowest and the zero group largest with ‘basic’ prepositional uses. With ‘systematic’ prepositional uses, the error score is higher and the zero group smaller than for ‘basic’ prepositional uses. The highest error score and the smallest error-free student group appear with ‘idiomatic’ prepositional uses. The students’ mastery of article use focuses on the generic use of the zero article (noncount nouns and plural nouns) and the use/non-use of the definite article before proper nouns. In both cases, high average error scores appear at all test opportunities. As for the generic use of the zero article, it is suggested that advanced students here experience major problems because, whereas there is a link between the indefinite form and genericness in English, there is no such firm association in Swedish where both forms, depending on different variables, can be used to express genericness. This may cause the very concept of genericness to become fuzzy for Swedish learners of English. As for the use/non-use of the definite article before proper nouns, the suggestion is put forward that students, due to the great number of rules in this area, resort to memorising each individual proper noun. This would explain why there is no discernible progression in average error scores in this category, which would be in line with the finding that constructions that involve non-generalisable aspects of grammar, such as subject-verb concord with contrastive lexical heads and ‘idiomatic’ uses of prepositions, are the most difficult ones to master for advanced Swedish learners of English.
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| 60. |
- Karlsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of irreversible protein adsorption on solid surfaces by protein engineering for increased stability
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 280:27, s. 25558-25564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of protein stability on the adsorption and desorption behavior to surfaces with fundamentally different properties (negatively charged, positively charged, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic) was examined by surface plasmon resonance measurements. Three engineered variants of human carbonic anhydrase II were used that have unchanged surface properties but large differences in stability. The orientation and conformational state of the adsorbed protein could be elucidated by taking all of the following properties of the protein variants into account: stability, unfolding, adsorption, and desorption behavior. Regardless of the nature of the surface, there were correlation between (i) the protein stability and kinetics of adsorption, with an increased amplitude of the first kinetic phase of adsorption with increasing stability; (ii) the protein stability and the extent of maximally adsorbed protein to the actual surface, with an increased amount of adsorbed protein with increasing stability; (iii) the protein stability and the amount of protein desorbed upon washing with buffer, with an increased elutability of the adsorbed protein with increased stability. All of the above correlations could be explained by the rate of denaturation and the conformational state of the adsorbed protein. In conclusion, protein engineering for increased stability can be used as a strategy to decrease irreversible adsorption on surfaces at a liquid-solid interface.
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