| 141. |
|
|
| 142. |
- Mukhopadhyay, Saikat, et al.
(författare)
-
Sensitivity of Boron Nitride Nanotubes toward Biomolecules of Different Polarities
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 2:19, s. 2442-2447
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of molecular polarity on the interaction between a boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) and amino acids is investigated with density functional theory. Three representative amino acids, namely, tryptophane (Trp), a nonpolar aromatic amino acid, and asparatic acid (Asp) and argenine (Arg), both polar amino acids are considered for their interactions with BNNT. The polar molecules, Asp and Arg, exhibit relatively stronger binding with the tubular surface of BNNT. The binding between the polar amino acid molecules and BNNT is accompanied by a charge transfer, suggesting that stabilization of the bioconjugated complex is mainly governed by electrostatic interactions. The results show modulation of the BNNT band gap by Trp. Interestingly, no change in band gap of BNNT is seen for the polar molecules Asp and Arg. The predicted higher sensitivity of BNNTs compared to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) toward amino acid polarity suggests BNNTs to be a better substrate for protein immobilization than CNTs.
|
|
| 143. |
- Mukhopadhyay, Saikat, et al.
(författare)
-
Theoretical study of physisorption of nucleobases on boron nitride nanotubes : a new class of hybrid nano-biomaterials
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nanotechnology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0957-4484 .- 1361-6528. ; 21:16, s. 165703-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the adsorption of the nucleic acid bases-adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U)-on the outer wall of a high curvature semiconducting single-walled boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) by first-principles density functional theory calculations. The calculated binding energy shows the order: G > A approximate to C approximate to T approximate to U, implying that the interaction strength of the high curvature BNNT with the nucleobases, G being an exception, is nearly the same. A higher binding energy for the G-BNNT conjugate appears to result from hybridization of the molecular orbitals of G and the BNNT. A smaller energy gap predicted for the G-BNNT conjugate relative to that of the pristine BNNT may be useful in the application of this class of biofunctional materials to the design of next-generation sensing devices.
|
|
| 144. |
- Rajput, Vishal Kumar, et al.
(författare)
-
Galactose-amidine derivatives as selective antagonists of galectin-9
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Chemistry. - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 0008-4042 .- 1480-3291. ; 94:11, s. 936-939
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The family of galectin proteins involved in adhesion, growth regulation, immunity, and inflammatory events are important targets for development of small molecule antagonists. Here, N-sulfonyl amidine galactopyranoside derivatives obtained via a multicomponent reaction between galactose alkyne derivatives, sulfonyl azides, and amines were evaluated as antagonists of galectin-1,-2,-3,-4N (N-terminal domain),-4C (C-terminal domain),-8N,-9N, and-9C in a competitive fluorescence polarization assay. Highly selective compounds against galectin-9N with up to 30-fold improved affinity compared to the reference methyl β-d-galactopyranoside were identified. Molecular dynamics simulation suggested that the selectivity and affinity for galectin-9N originate from the N-sulfonyl amidine moieties forming tridentate hydrogen bonds to two asparagine side chains and one phenyl stacking edge-to-face to an arginine side chain. These selective galectin-9N antagonists are of significant value as chemical tools for studying galectin-9 biology and chemistry as well as possible starting structures for the discovery of galectin-9-targeting drugs influencing, e.g., immune regulation.
|
|
| 145. |
|
|
| 146. |
- Sodhro, Ali Hassan, et al.
(författare)
-
A Lightweight Security Scheme for Failure Detection in Microservices IoT-Edge Networks
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Sensing Technology. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 397-409
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Nowadays, microservices-based applications such as E-Business, E-Healthcare, 3D-Gaming, and Augmented Reality have latterly drawn attention in the research area. The microservices enabled applications are different from traditional monolithic applications with high demand of security and fault detection, therefore, a lightweight secure and failure detection enabled schemes widely required for the new applications. This paper proposes a new lightweight microservices mobile cloud (Mob-Cloud) framework that replaces the heavyweight virtual machine (VM) based on mobile cloud computing (MCC). The study devises MFHE (Modified Fully Homomorphism Encryption) and WATFA (Workload Assignment Transient Fault Aware) schemes to deal with security and failures. Simulation results show that the proposals are practical for the considered problem.
|
|
| 147. |
- Sullivan, Richard, et al.
(författare)
-
Global cancer surgery: delivering safe, affordable, and timely cancer surgery
- 2015
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Oncology. - 1474-5488. ; 16:11, s. 1193-1224
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgery is essential for global cancer care in all resource settings. Of the 15.2 million new cases of cancer in 2015, over 80% of cases will need surgery, some several times. By 2030, we estimate that annually 45 million surgical procedures will be needed worldwide. Yet, less than 25% of patients with cancer worldwide actually get safe, aff ordable, or timely surgery. This Commission on global cancer surgery, building on Global Surgery 2030, has examined the state of global cancer surgery through an analysis of the burden of surgical disease and breadth of cancer surgery, economics and fi nancing, factors for strengthening surgical systems for cancer with multiple-country studies, the research agenda, and the political factors that frame policy making in this area. We found wide equity and economic gaps in global cancer surgery. Many patients throughout the world do not have access to cancer surgery, and the failure to train more cancer surgeons and strengthen systems could result in as much as US$ 6.2 trillion in lost cumulative gross domestic product by 2030. Many of the key adjunct treatment modalities for cancer surgery-eg, pathology and imaging-are also inadequate. Our analysis identifi ed substantial issues, but also highlights solutions and innovations. Issues of access, a paucity of investment in public surgical systems, low investment in research, and training and education gaps are remarkably widespread. Solutions include better regulated public systems, international partnerships, super-centralisation of surgical services, novel surgical clinical trials, and new approaches to improve quality and scale up cancer surgical systems through education and training. Our key messages are directed at many global stakeholders, but the central message is that to deliver safe, aff ordable, and timely cancer surgery to all, surgery must be at the heart of global and national cancer control planning.
|
|
| 148. |
- Vandegriff, Erik M., et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD : Physics and Numerics
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Space Weather. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 1542-7390. ; 22:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the prominent effects of space weather is the formation of rapid geomagnetic field variations on Earth's surface driven by the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. These geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) cause geomagnetically induced currents to run through ground conducting systems. In particular, localized GMDs (LGMDs) can be high amplitude and can have an effect on scale sizes less than 100 km, making them hazardous to power grids and difficult to predict. In this study, we examine the ability of the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) to reproduce LGMDs in the 7 September 2017 event using both existing and new metrics to quantify the success of the model against observation. We show that the high-resolution SWMF can reproduce LGMDs driven by ionospheric sources, but struggles to reproduce LGMDs driven by substorm effects. We calculate the global maxima of the magnetic fluctuations to show instances when the SWMF captures LGMDs at the correct times but not the correct locations. To remedy these shortcomings we suggest model developments that will directly impact the ability of the SWMF to reproduce LGMDs, most importantly updating the ionospheric conductance calculation from empirical to physics-based. Studying the negative effects of space weather on Earth is a crucial part of protecting ourselves and our technology from solar phenomena. Fluctuations in Earth's magnetic field cause high-amplitude currents to run through ground conducting systems such as underwater cables and power lines, causing damage to the hardware. Being able to predict these magnetic field fluctuations is essential to protecting ourselves and our technology; however these effects can be highly localized, making them more difficult to predict. This study presents an analysis of a high-resolution model run of Earth's magnetic field that captures localized magnetic fluctuations on the ground. We use the model results to explore the causes of these fluctuations in the model and compare the results with observation. We show that the model can reproduce magnetic fluctuations associated with some dynamics in Earth's ionosphere, but misses some of the fluctuations caused by complex dynamics farther out in Earth's magnetic field. We also show that in some cases the model captures fluctuations at the correct times but not the correct locations. Finally we suggest model improvements that will directly improve our model's ability to reproduce and predict localized magnetic fluctuations. High resolution Space Weather Modeling Framework can reproduce Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances (localized geomagnetic disturbances s (LGMDs)) driven by ionospheric sources Magnetospheric disturbances associated with substorms appear in model, but effects do not translate to LGMDs on the ground Improvements to calculation of ionospheric conductance and capture of substorm dynamics in model needed to better predict LGMDs
|
|
| 149. |
- Yeung, A T Y, et al.
(författare)
-
Conditional-ready mouse embryonic stem cell derived macrophages enable the study of essential genes in macrophage function
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to differentiate genetically modified mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into functional macrophages provides a potentially attractive resource to study host-pathogen interactions without the need for animal experimentation. This is particularly useful in instances where the gene of interest is essential and a knockout mouse is not available. Here we differentiated mouse ES cells into macrophages in vitro and showed, through a combination of flow cytometry, microscopic imaging and RNA-Seq, that ES cell-derived macrophages responded to S. Typhimurium, in a comparable manner to mouse bone marrow derived macrophages. We constructed a homozygous mutant mouse ES cell line in the Traf2 gene that is known to play a role in tumour necrosis factor-α signalling but has not been studied for its role in infections or response to Toll-like receptor agonists. Interestingly, traf2-deficient macrophages produced reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or flagellin stimulation and exhibited increased susceptibility to S. Typhimurium infection.
|
|
| 150. |
- Yu, Wenqiang, et al.
(författare)
-
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation regulates CTCF-dependent chromatin insulation
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 36:10, s. 1105-1110
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromatin insulators demarcate expression domains by blocking the cis effects of enhancers or silencers in a position-dependent manner1, 2. We show that the chromatin insulator protein CTCF carries a post-translational modification: poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that a poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation mark, which exclusively segregates with the maternal allele of the insulator domain in the H19 imprinting control region, requires the bases that are essential for interaction with CTCF3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation−on−chip analysis documented that the link between CTCF and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation extended to more than 140 mouse CTCF target sites. An insulator trap assay showed that the insulator function of most of these CTCF target sites is sensitive to 3-aminobenzamide, an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity. We suggest that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation imparts chromatin insulator properties to CTCF at both imprinted and nonimprinted loci, which has implications for the regulation of expression domains and their demise in pathological lesions.
|
|
