| 11. |
- Gabaude, Alix, 1996, et al.
(author)
-
First housing in Sweden: Young adults’ establishment on a hybridized housing market
- 2023
-
In: ENHR 2023 - Łódź (28-30 June).
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Sweden has, for the past couple of decades, faced a housing crisis, especially for young adults. While slightly improving, 64 percent of Swedish communes were still reporting a lack of housing for young people in 2022. The importance of socio-economic factors in finding housing was identified but little has been said on the importance of local or national policies in facilitating (or hindering) young adults’ establishment on the housing market. The First Housing project carries out a systematic literature review of both academic and grey literature, targeting policies affecting housing access for young adults, students, and young immigrants in Sweden. At present, findings reveal that Swedish policy on the topic is limited in both scope and influence, piecemeal and without a holistic view. While some policies appear to have a positive effect, several have a negative effect, and most have a minimal effect for housing accessibility.
|
|
| 12. |
- Gabaude, Alix, 1996, et al.
(author)
-
Why do estate owners and managers engage in area-based initiatives in particularly vulnerable urban areas? Evidence from three local cases in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2023
-
In: NORKOM 2023 - Odense (24-25/11).
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper maps and compares estate owners’ safety strategies in three different ‘particularly vulnerable areas’ (in short PVA:s) in Gothenburg, Sweden. These boroughs were planned in the early 1970s as New Towns, the then peak of housing modernity. Five decades later in 2021, Gårdsten, Lövgärdet and Central Tynnered are on the National Police Authority’s List of Sweden’s most dangerous and criminally unsettled areas, PVAs. This paper aims to investigate similarities and differences in safety strategies employed by estate ownersto curb perceived insecurity. The ownership structure differs in each area, from a single public housing company to half public and half private ownership and a mix of several public and private owners. Results indicate that most estate owners are engaged in physical and situational prevention. They unexpectedly frequently engage in social prevention together with state and municipal actors. All studied estate companies have more or less pro-active management and strategic long-term planning and coordination. The paper contributes new insights on estate owners’ potential strategies in neglected and vulnerable areas.
|
|
| 13. |
- Johansson, Folke, 1943, et al.
(author)
-
Kommunstorlek och demokrati
- 2007
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Föreliggande rapport har utarbetats vid CEFOS, Centrum för forskning om offentlig sektor, Göteborgs universitet. Huvudsyftet har varit att ta fram aktuell och systematisk kunskap om den betydelse kommunstorleken har för hur den kommunala demokratin i Sverige fungerar. Rapporten bygger till största delen på reanalyser av ett befintligt omfattande empiriskt material som innefattar kommunstudier av såväl medborgare som politiker, studier av massmediers innehåll och de mer generella enkätundersökningar som sedan lång tid utförs vid SOM-institutet, Göteborgs universitet. Beträffande politiker har också nytt material samlats in. Huvudansvariga för rapporten är professor Folke Johansson och fil dr David Karlsson. Docent Bengt Johansson har medverkat med analys av massmedias roll och fil dr Ylva Norén Bretzer har medverkat med analys av förtroende för politiker.
|
|
| 14. |
- Karlsson, David, 1974, et al.
(author)
-
Swedish Regional Reform and the Political Map: Party Interests at Stake
- 2012
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this paper we conduct a contra-factual thought experiment, applying the practice of gerrymandering to the regionalisation process of Sweden. By applying the actual election data from 1998 to 2010, we discuss the various outcomes of four regional models; i) the present system, ii) a realistic scenario of regional reform (a roadmap commissioned by SALAR), and two hypothetical but possible models based on which regional structure would mostly benefit iii) the left-wing parties and iv) the right-wing parties. The overall aim of the paper is to estimate the implications of a regional reform on the political geography of Sweden and to provide instruments for future research on whether and how party interests affect the regional reform process. The analyses also provide fuel for a number of relevant discussions on regional reform and its political outcomes. For example, our results highlight the possible lock-in effects in the present discussions concerning the Stockholm/Uppsala regions, Västra Götaland and Halland/or Värmland, and the region of Southwest Sweden. One suggestion is that if citizens are to have long-term confidence in any future regional structure, it should be arranged in such a way that both the left and right wings are satisfied – a double-packing strategy. Such a strategy would make it relatively harder for smaller local/regional parties to affect the political stability of a region. If political stability is pursued, we suggest that the solution of the Wise Men is more functional than the present structure.
|
|
| 15. |
- Karlsson, David, 1974, et al.
(author)
-
The Swedish Regional Reform and the Political Map: Party Interests at Stake
- 2011
-
In: Paper presented at XVI Nordic Political Science Congress NOPSA conference Vasa, FINLAND, August 9 – 12, 2011..
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract In this article we conduct contra factual experiment of thoughts, applying the tactics of gerrymandering into the regionalization process of Sweden. By applying the actual election data from 1998 up to 2010, we discuss the various outcomes of four regional models; i) the present system, ii) a realistic scenario of regional reform (a roadmap commissioned by SALAR), and two hypothetical but possible models based on what regional structure would mostly benefit iii) the left parties and iv) the right parties. The overall aim of the paper is to esti-mate the implications of a regional reform on the political geography of Sweden to provide instruments for fu-ture research on if, and how party interests affect the regional reform process. The analyses also give fuel to a number of relevant discussions on regional reform and its political out-comes. For example, our results highlight the possible lock-in effects in the present discussions concerning the Stockholm/Uppsala regions, Västra Götaland and Halland/or Värmland, and the region of Southwest Sweden. One suggestion is that if citizens are to have longterm confidence in the future regional structure, it should be arranged in such a way that both the left and right wings are satisfied – a double-packing strategy. Such a strategy would make it relatively harder for smaller local/regional parties to affect the political stability of a region. If political stability is pursued, we suggest that the solution of the Wise men is more functional than the present structure.
|
|
| 16. |
- Langlet, David, 1977, et al.
(author)
-
Energy efficient transition in Sweden: triggers and barriers for retrofitting processes in municipality owned housing companies
- 2014
-
In: ENHR Edinburgh July 1-4, 2014. Book of abstracts.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Globally and in Europe, the housing sector is responsible for a large share of the energy use, and large efforts have therefore been directed towards reduced energy use in the housing sector. In Sweden 39 percent of the energy use relate to “housing and business locations”, there is an ambition to reduce the energy use with 20 percent until year 2020, following the EU directive of energy efficiency. However, the national government has up to present responded quite hesitantly to the energy efficiency debate, possibly as the National Institute of Economic Research (NIER) claims that relevant transition measures will be met regardless of any specific measures directed to the sector of housing. Yet, the project group Collaborative learning for urban energy efficiency (the ClueE-project) has studied a number of examples where energy efficient retrofitting takes place in sub-urban areas. A central question for the overall project was: What are the major triggers and barriers in retrofitting processes, with special regards to the social sciences? From a financial point of view, the costs of energy efficient retrofitting are demanding, as most of the heating in these areas to 90 percent are sustainable district-heating. But seen from the perspective of the ‘third generation of energy policies’, there is an increasing potential today for local energy production solutions, zero-houses, or even houses that generates a surplus of energy, energy-plus-houses. The judicial tools used in these processes does not relate to minimum quality levels, rather, a more conscious use of the public procurement act is activated, as wise use of partnering contracting. The ClueE study also found that it is not specifically environmentally interested tenants that have been attracted by the energy efficient apartments, rather that has been the opportunity at hand. The lower ecological footprints of these tenants are supported as these groups are among the poorest segments of the population. To conclude, the core triggers found were: the necessity of broad political anchoring across majority and opposition, inclusive and transparent tenant-dialogues, comparable indicators in relation to evaluations and benchmarking. A more general conclusion is that more attention needs to be directed towards business locations, as the private homes’ market.
|
|
| 17. |
- Lindholst, Andrej Christian, et al.
(author)
-
11. Where is Municipal Marketisation Heading? Experiences from England and Scandinavia
- 2019
-
In: Presentation av bokkapiteltext på NORKOM-konferensen i Åbo 29-30 november, 2019..
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Marketisation is commonly understood as a key component in the new public management (NPM) model for public management reform. However, negative experiences, newer reform trends and local circumstances have challenged the NPM and raised the question of whether reforms have entered a post-NPM era. In this chapter, we explore and compare the impact of marketisation on the organisation of local service delivery and address whether newer reform trends in the post-NPM era are transforming contemporary marketisation. Our study takes place in the context of local park and road services across England, Sweden, Denmark and Norway and draws upon original survey data collected from mid-level managers in 201416. The chapter concludes that marketisation is widespread but not dominant within our study’s context. It is also being transformed to some extent by newer and different reform trends. In perspective, we find that marketisation is an evolving reform practice, which trajectories depend on local contextual circumstances and adaption of newer reform ideas.
|
|
| 18. |
- Lindholst, Andrej Christian, et al.
(author)
-
Introducing the Research Setting: Four Countries and Two Local Services
- 2020
-
In: Marketization in Local Government: Diffusion and Evolution in Scandinavia and England. Andrej Christian Lindholst, Morten Balle Hansen (red.). - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan, Springer Nature. - 9783030324773 ; , s. 79-98
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In comparative analysis of public management reforms, the general characteristics of countries and service contexts wherein reforms are implemented are important when examining and interpreting similarities and differences in the outcomes of reforms (Christensen and Lægreid, 2007; Greve et al., 2016; Pollitt and Bouckaert, 2011). When taking a comparative perspective, key characteristics of the politico-administrative system, such as Local Government structure, can provide a filter shaping the mix of policy instruments and organizational possibilities for implementing marketization within various services sectors. Similarly, the characteristics of the services sectors, such as…, are expected to provide a second filter shaping the outcomes from marketization. The country context of the book is represented by England and the three Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway and Sweden while the service context is represented by local park and road services. In the comparative perspective of the book, the country context varies while the service sector context is invariant. This chapter provides an overview and comparison of the general characteristics of the four countries and service context. The overview of the countries and service context focuses on relatively stable characteristics and their differences and similarities across the countries. The chapter is organised in two main sections. The first section provides an overview of the general characteristics of Local Governments in the four countries. The second section provides an overview of local park and road services in the four countries.
|
|
| 19. |
- Lindholst, Andrej Christian, et al.
(author)
-
Patterns and Variations of Marketization Compared
- 2020
-
In: Marketization in Local Government: Diffusion and Evolution in Scandinavia and England. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan, Springer Nature. - 9783030324773 ; , s. 197-221
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In chapters 5 to 8, we provided an overview of trajectories of marketization and their impact on the organization and provision of municipal park and road services in each of the four countries: England and the three Scandinavian countries Sweden, Denmark and Norway. The country-based studies highlighted particular characteristics of marketization and how marketization has found its way within municipal park and road services. One key finding appearing from a cross-reading is that marketization is characterized by substantial variations across the four countries. The implementation of marketization both diverge and converge across the national contexts in unexpected ways. For example, the purposes for involving private providers and markets in public service delivery may not be so tightly coupled to cost concerns as envisioned in core new public management (NPM) reform models. Private providers and markets may also have equally important, albeit different, roles in public service delivery across radical and more cautious reform countries. Lastly, countries renowned for strong emphasis on marketization in their past reform trajectories may not appear that marketized after all – even within spearhead sectors such as municipal park and road services. Also, the study of economic outcomes from contracting out of park and road services in chapter 9 found substantial variations, including average cost savings in Denmark, a neutral effect on costs levels in Sweden and average cost increases in Norway, even after controlling for standard explanations such as the level of competition and contracting strategy. These variations in outcomes call for a careful appreciation of the comparative characteristics of the wider institutional context for marketization across different groups of countries. To gain a better understanding of similarities and differences in the patterns and variations in contemporary marketization in a comparative perspective, we have addressed the following two research questions: 1) To which degree do patterns and variations in contemporary marketization within municipal park and road services diverge (or converge) across England and the three Scandinavian countries, and 2) can any distinctive variants of marketization be identified across the four countries (or is marketization converging on a common model)? To answer these questions, we compare patterns and variations of contemporary marketization within a series of statistical analyses of comparable INOPS survey data from each of the four countries (see chapter 4 for details on data and methods). The INOPS survey data makes it possible to explore and carry out formal statistical tests of whether municipalities across the four countries converge or diverge in their implementation of features from different marketization models within the park and road services. The comparison extends the analysis of the implementation of marketization within municipal park and road services from the single-country perspectives found in chapters 5 to 8 toward a formalized comparative country analysis based on statistical techniques.
|
|
| 20. |
- Lindholst, Andrej Christian, et al.
(author)
-
Research design, materials and methods
- 2020
-
In: Marketization in Local Government: Diffusion and Evolution in Scandinavia and England. Andrej Christian Lindholst, Morten Balle Hansen (red.). - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan, Springer Nature. - 9783030324773 ; , s. 61-78
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The phenomenon of marketization holds no lack of earlier research and has been researched through various empirical strategies. In this chapter we present the research strategy and primary data sources for the book. We highlight the relevance of the methodological approach within the range of empirical strategies employed in earlier research. Our research strategy is comparative in its outlook and integrates longitudinal and cross-sectorial analyses of experiences with marketization of park and road services within and across the four countries of England, Denmark, Sweden and Norway based on a mix of quantitative and qualitative data. A key feature of the book’s research strategy is that marketization is researched with an eye to the importance of differences in national context for the evolution and diffusion of marketization. The comparative character of our research strategy locates and distinguishes our contributions within a handful of strategies for contextualizing the phenomenon of marketization. In the marketization literature we find four major strategies. First, a group of studies focuses on experiences within a single country. One example is Kettl’s (1993) case-based study of experiences with the use of private markets and competition in the US. Another example is the collection of evidence on the impact from marketization on Swedish welfare found in the anthology edited by Hartmann (2011). Second, a group of studies looks beyond individual country contexts and starts with a global outlook on marketization. One example is Simmons and Elkins’ (2004) study of the diffusion of marketization across nations as part of a global neoliberal movement. Third, a group of studies embeds marketization as part of a more general research interest in public sector reforms. Greve (2006), for example, provides an overview of public management reform in Denmark including an assessment of the relative emphasis on marketization. Pollitt and Bouckaert’s (2011) contribution is another example, where marketization is viewed as part of the historical trends in public management reform in a comparative analysis of OECD countries. Finally, a group of studies connect or integrate experiences with marketization across two or more countries. One example is Greer et al.’s (2017) comparison of the different ways public employment services has been re-organized by adoption of market-based coordination mechanisms in three European countries. Another example is Alonso et al.’s (2017) study, using statistics from several European countries for a general evaluation of whether greater private involvement has led to reduced expenditures in services provided by central governments. A key difference between these two studies is the careful attention to the importance of national context in former while the latter evaluate financial performance across several countries in a highly generalized way. The empirical content and details of the four highlighted research strategies are further diversified by, for example, the number and type of government or service sector(s), the type of data sources and materials, and the applied analytical methods. In the midst of the wealth of research on the phenomena of marketization, however, we find that truly cross-national comparative analyses of organizational developments paying attention to historical-institutional contexts are scare.
|
|
