| 41. |
- Nohrstedt, Daniel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Disaster risk reduction and the limits of truisms : Improving the knowledge and practice interface
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier. - 2212-4209. ; 67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Action toward strengthened disaster risk reduction (DRR) ideally builds from evidence-based policymaking to inform decisions and priorities. This is a guiding principle for the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR), which outlines priorities for action to reduce disaster risk. However, some of these practical guidelines conceal oversimplified or unsubstantiated claims and assumptions, what we refer to as 'truisms', which, if not properly addressed, may jeopardize the long-term goal to reduce disaster risks. Thus far, much DRR research has focused on ways to bridge the gap between science and practice while devoting less attention to the premises that shape the understanding of DRR issues. In this article, written in the spirit of a perspective piece on the state of the DRR field, we utilize the SFDRR as an illustrative case to identify and interrogate ten selected truisms, from across the social and natural sciences, that have been prevalent in shaping DRR research and practice. The ten truisms concern forecasting, loss, conflict, migration, the local level, collaboration, social capital, prevention, policy change, and risk awareness. We discuss central claims associated with each truism, relate those claims to insights in recent DRR scholarship, and end with suggestions for developing the field through advances in conceptualization, measurement, and causal inference.
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| 42. |
- Nordsäter, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Förutsättningar för gränsöverskridande krisberedskap i Inre Skandinavien : Geografi, demografi, lagstiftning och organisering
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är en del av projektet CriseIT, som är finansierat av EU Interreg Inre Skandinavien och av de ingående parterna. Projektet som löper 2016-2018 avser att utveckla och testa metodik och datorbaserade verktyg för krisövning. Syftet med denna rapport har varit att identifiera och beskriva förutsättningar och hinder för effektivare krishantering i gränsregionen. Geografiska, demografiska, juridiska och organisatoriska faktorer har undersökts på norsk respektive svensk sida. Lagstiftning som styr krisberedskap i Norge och Sverige beskrivs i rapporten, liksom gränsöverskridande samverkan och forsknings- och utvecklingsprojekt i gränsregionen.
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| 43. |
- Norén, Viveca, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Flood riskassessment – Practices in flood prone Swedish municipalities
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Villavagen, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Noren, Viveca; Bishop, Kevin] Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Villavagen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Noren, Viveca; Nyberg, Lars; Bishop, Kevin] Uppsala Univ, Ctr Nat Disaster Sci, Villavagen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Hedelin, Beatrice; Nyberg, Lars] Karlstad Univ, Dept Environm & Life Sci, Ctr Climate & Safety, SE-65188 Karlstad, Sweden. [Bishop, Kevin] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, POB 7050, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. : Elsevier. - 2212-4209. ; 18, s. 206-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Risk assessments are important to ensure efficient and effective flood risk management. Methods and strategies for flood risk assessment are described in the literature, but less is known about how assessments are actually performed. We have studied local flood risk assessments in Sweden by interviewing flood risk managers in municipalities and analyzing documentation of flood risk assessment efforts.There is a large variation between municipalities in how flood risk assessment has been done. The efforts made in association with the EU Floods Directive together with a Government Commission about a flood in Lake Mälaren are the most advanced assessments. Only a few of the municipalities have done comparable assessments. Generally, however, there is a lack of experience and theoretical knowledge about concepts and methods of flood risk assessment in the municipalities. In the assessments studied, the flood it self had been rather well defined in hazard maps. The consequences of a flood had been studied in the larger projects but only by half of the municipalities. It is mainly direct, tangible consequences that have been included. It is mainly the exposure of assets that has been investigated while little attention has been paid to vulnerability. To improve flood risk assessment in Sweden there is a need for knowledge and resources in the municipalities. Prioritization and motivation are needed to actually perform the assessments. National guidelines for may be helpful to guide municipalities in this work and to have more uniform risk assessment.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of short-term regulation on hyporheic water quality in a boreal river
- 2008
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Ingår i: Rivers Research and Applications. - 1535-1459 .- 1535-1467. ; 24:4, s. 407-419
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water regulation may alter hydraulic head gradients with consequences for the exchange of water between the river and the hyporheic zone. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of discharge on hyporheic water quality in a regulated Swedish boreal river during a 10-day experimental period with a sequence of alternating high- and low-flow episodes. A 250 m reach was instrumented with 28 piezometers placed at 150 and 300 mm below the river bed or below the mean groundwater level in the floodplain, and these piezometers were used to measure temperature, oxygen, electric conductivity and pH. High daily variation in air temperature during the first 3 days was transmitted vertically through the stream water into the hyporheic zone within hours. An oxygen saturation of 100% in the river water corresponded to 60–70% saturation at 150 mm depth and 30% at 300 mm depth. The hyporheic oxygen concentration at 150 mm depth decreased during the experimental period, falling into a range that is potentially harmful to incubating salmonid eggs. This was interpreted as a long-term response to the overall regulation regime, rather than a response to short-term water regulation during the experiment. Even though the effect of short-term regulation on the quality of hyporheic water in the river bed was limited, there was a more pronounced effect on the quality of floodplain hyporheic water. Most of the driving forces for temporal variation of water quality in the river bed came vertically from the river water, rather than from the lateral exchange.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Klarälvens vattenkvalitet
- 2011
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Ingår i: Klarälven. - Karlstad : Karlstad University Press. - 9789185335909 ; , s. 129-144
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 48. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Konsekvenser av sommarskyfall i Sverige under åren 2009-2018 : Analys av rapportering i dagstidningar
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Skyfall är en typ av naturolycka som karakteriseras av lokal utbredning och snabbt förlopp,i regel utan förvarningstid. Kunskapen om intensiv nederbörd är omfattande mennär det gäller skyfallens konsekvenser finns relativt få samlade beskrivningar. Dennarapport syftar till att ge en nationell bild av konsekvenser av skyfall och visar att redandagens klimat skapar stora skador och kostnader i många svenska kommuner. Studienär baserad på artiklar och notiser om skyfall under åren 2009–2018.Rapporten ingår som del i forskningsprojektet “Minskade klimatrisker i framtidensbebyggelse och boende lärande från tidigare händelser och samhällsplanering” somhar genomförts på Centrum för klimat och säkerhet mellan 2014–2018 och finansieratsav Stiftelsen Länsförsäkringsgruppens Forsknings- och Utvecklingsfond.
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| 49. |
- Nyberg, Lars, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability aspects of water regulation and flood risk reduction in Lake Vänern
- 2014
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Ingår i: Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1463-4988 .- 1539-4077. ; 17:4, s. 331-340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A modern feature of flood risk management is to integrate ecological, economic and social aspects in risk prevention and mitigation. Risk-reducing measures can be in conflict with ecosystem functions and complicate upstream/downstream relations. Flood risks are also influenced by processes in the catchment, such as changes in climate and land-use, or increases of vulnerable urban areas. Lake Vänern in Sweden has high ecological and social values but is also flood-prone, which in this article has been analyzed from a perspective of sustainable development. Lake Vänern and the Göta älv River are used for drinking water supply, shipping, hydropower production, fishing, tourism, as a recipient for industries and wastewater plants, etc. The flood risks are connected to landslide and industrial risks. One interest at stake is the drinking water supply for 800,000 persons in the Gothenburg region. According to climate scenarios, flood risks will increase in the 21st century due to increased precipitation. Recent studies in the region were used to identify relevant interests and values connected to Lake Vänern. The study reveals differing interests in relation to water level regimes. From a flood protection perspective (risks around the lake and downstream to Gothenburg) a low and stable water level is beneficial. For shipping and hydropower, a stable medium-high water level is wanted, whereas from an ecosystem and landscape development perspective larger water level amplitudes are optimal. One out of a few reasons for this is the need to prevent a massive increase in vegetation in coastal areas. There are good reasons to have a broad decision-support, representing different values and interests, when the permanent water regulation scheme will be decided. This study also addresses the potential to reconcile the concept of flood risk management with that of a sustainable development.
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| 50. |
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