| 161. |
- Wängberg, Bo, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The long-term survival in adrenocortical carcinoma with active surgical management and use of monitored mitotane.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Endocrine-related cancer. - 1479-6821. ; 17:1, s. 265-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumour disease with sinister prognosis also after attempts to radical surgery; better prognosis is seen for low-stage tumours. Adjuvant treatment with the adrenolytic drug mitotane has been attempted, but not proven to prevent from recurrence. The drug may offer survival advantage in case of recurrence. The aim of this single-centre study (1979-2007) of 43 consecutive patients was to evaluate the long-term survival after active surgical treatment combined with monitored mitotane (to reduce side effects of the drug). The series is unique, since all patients were offered a period of mitotane as adjuvant or palliative treatment; six patients refused mitotane. Despite a high proportion of high-stage tumours (67%), the complete resection rate was high (77%). The disease-specific 5-year survival was high (64.1%); very high for patients with low-stage tumours without evident relation to mitotane levels. Patients with high-stage tumours had a clear survival advantage with mitotane levels above a threshold of 14 mg/l in serum. The hazard ratio for patients with high mitotane levels versus all patients indicates a significant effect of the drug. The results indicate that adjuvant mitotane may be the standard of care for patients with high-stage ACC after complete resection.
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| 162. |
- Zhu, Jianqiang, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of worn Ti-Si cathodes used for reactive cathodic arc evaporation
- 2010
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY A. - : American Vacuum Society. - 0734-2101. ; 28:2, s. 347-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The microstructural evolution of Ti1-xSix cathode surfaces (x=0, 0.1, 0.2) used in reactive cathodic arc evaporation has been investigated by analytical electron microscopy and x-ray diffractometry. The results show that the reactive arc operated in N-2 atmosphere induces a 2-12 mu m thick N-containing converted layer consisting of nanosized grains in the two-phase Ti and Ti5Si3 cathode surface. The formation mechanism of this layer is proposed to be surface nitriding and redeposition of macroparticles formed during the deposition process. The surface roughness of the worn Ti1-xSix cathodes increases with increasing Si content, up to 20 at. %, due to preferential erosion of Ti5Si3.
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| 163. |
- Zhu, Jianqiang, et al.
(författare)
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Microstructure evolution of Ti3SiC2 compound cathodes during reactive cathodic arc evaporation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. - : American Vacuum Society. - 0734-2101 .- 1520-8559. ; 29:3, s. 031601-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The microstructure evolution and compositional variation of Ti3SiC2 cathode surfaces during reactive cathodic arc evaporation are presented for different process conditions. The results show that phase decomposition takes place in the near-surface region, resulting in a 5-50 mu m thick converted layer that is affected by the presence of nitrogen in the deposition chamber. This layer consists of two different sublayers, i.e., 1-20 mu m thick top layer with a melted and resolidified microstructure, followed by a 4-30 mu m thick transition layer with a decomposed microstructure. The converted layer contains a polycrystalline TiCx phase and trace quantities of Si-rich domains with Ti5Si3(C) at their interface. The arc discharge causes Si redistribution in the two regions of the layer, whose Si/(Ti+Si) ratio is higher in the top region and lower in the transition region compared to the virgin material.
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| 164. |
- Österbrand, Marcus, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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A method to predict the metabolic effects of changes in insulin treatment in subgroups of a large population based patient cohort.
- 2007
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Ingår i: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 22:3, s. 151-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This case-control study was designed to analyse predictors of the effects on HbA1c levels in 4001 type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients after changing their insulin treatment. Patients from 15 outpatient diabetic clinics were treated with basal insulin and multiple injections of short-acting insulin. The effects on HbA1c of changing from NPH insulin to insulin glargine as basal insulin were studied, compared to patients continuing with NPH insulin. The following possible predictors were examined with multiple regression analysis: age, sex, type and duration of diabetes, smoking, metformin use, insulin requirement, number of basal doses per day, BMI and HbA1c at baseline. The difference between the two regression functions yielded the effect of switching treatment to insulin glargine compared to continuing with NPH insulin. Male gender, low BMI and high baseline HbA1c levels were significant predictors for a greater decrease in HbA1c when changing to insulin glargine. For example, for men with a BMI of 25 and an HbA1c of 8.0%, there was a calculated mean benefit in HbA1c of 0.26 percentage points by changing to insulin glargine, whereas women with a BMI 30 had no benefit of such a change. Thus, changing to insulin glargine had best effect in male patients with low BMI. This is one of the first studies designed to find responders to insulin treatment. Analyses of predictors may prove useful in order to tailor insulin treatment in diabetic patients in clinical practice. The clinical effects need to be confirmed in other studies and randomised controlled trials.
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