| 51. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971
(författare)
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Conflict Diamonds
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- "Conflict diamonds" refers to the fatal role that diamonds are believed to have played in several African conflicts. The article analyzes the impact of diamond abundance on economic growth in light of the broader, previously discovered empirical finding of a "curse of natural resources". By extending the theory of appropriative conflict, a predator-prey game is outlined in which a rebel chooses between peaceful production and predation on natural resources controlled by the ruler. It is shown that whereas an increase in natural resources might increase the ruler´s public utility investments, it might also lead to a crowding-out in favor of defense spendings, which depresses growth. As predicted by the model, a cross-country regression analysis suggests that diamond abundance has a "U-shaped" relationship with economic growth.
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| 52. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971
(författare)
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Conflict Diamonds
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Economics. ; 82, s. 267-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 53. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Congo: The Prize of Predation
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article analyzes the war against Mobutu (1996-97) and the more recent war (1998-) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo with particular attention to greed and grievance as motivating factors in these two wars. Whereas our usage of the term "greed" simply reflects the desire to gain control of natural resource rents, we model "grievance" as deliberate institutional differences, implemented by the ruler, between the formal and informal sectors. On the basis of quantitative and qualitative evidence, we outline a model of a predatory conflict between a kleptocratic ruler and a group of potential predators within a given region. The potential predators choose between peaceful production and predation on the ruling elite, who control the country´s natural resource rents. It is shown that institutional grievance between the formal and informal sectors, along with the relative strength of the ruler's defense, play a key role for the initiation of a war. This observation is used to explain the timing of the two wars analyzed in this article. The model also shows that once a war has commenced, the abundance of natural resources and the ruler´s kleptocratic tendencies determine conflict intensity. This result is also well in line with experience from the most recent Congolese war.
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| 54. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Congo: The prize of predation
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of peace research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-3433 .- 1460-3578. ; 41:3, s. 321-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article analyzes the war against Mobutu (1996-97) and the more recent war (1998-) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo with particular attention to greed and grievance as motivating factors in these two wars. Whereas the authors’ usage of the term ‘greed’ simply reflects the desire to gain control of natural resource rents, they model ‘grievance’ as deliberate institutional differences, implemented by the ruler, between the formal and informal sectors. On the basis of quantitative and qualitative evidence, the authors outline a model of a predatory conflict between a kleptocratic ruler and a group of potential predators within a given region. The potential predators choose between peaceful production and predation on the ruling elite, who control the country’s natural resource rents. It is shown that institutional grievance between the formal and informal sectors, along with the relative strength of the ruler’s defense, play a key role for the initiation of a war. This observation is used to explain the timing of the two wars analyzed in this article. The model also shows that once a war has commenced, the abundance of natural resources and the ruler’s kleptocratic tendencies determine conflict intensity. This result is also well in line with experience from the most recent Congolese war.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971
(författare)
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Det nya samhällskontraktet
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 2013:4, s. 43-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under den allvarliga krisen i början av 1990-talet ansåg Ekonomikommissionen att Sverige nått vägs ände och att invånarna i själva verket sagt upp den svenska modellens samhällskontrakt. I dag, tjugo år senare, hyllas de svenska och nordiska ekonomierna som modeller för övriga världen och som skolexempel på lyckade reformer. Varför kunde Sverige genomföra alla dessa reformer och ta sig ur krisen medan andra länder misslyckades? Huvudargumentet i denna artikel är att den allvarliga krisen kunde avhjälpas tack vare starka underliggande institutioner och kulturella normer som byggts upp under mycket lång tid.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971
(författare)
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Essentials of Advanced Macroeconomic Theory
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trying to summarize the essentials of macroeconomic theory in the wake of the financial crisis that has shaken not only Western economies but also the macroeconomic profession is no easy task. In particular, the notion that markets are self-correcting and always in equilibrium appears to have taken a heavy blow. However, the jury is still out on which areas should be considered as failures and what which constitute the future of research. The overall aim of this text is to provide a compact overview of the contributions that are currently regarded as the most important for macroeconomic analysis and to equip the reader with the essential theoretical knowledge that all advanced students in macroeconomics should be acquainted with. The result is a compact text that should act as the perfect complement to further study of macroeconomics: an introduction to the key concepts discussed in the journal literature and suitable for students from upper undergraduate level through to PhD courses.
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| 60. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic Cleansing or Resource Struggle in Darfur? An empirical analysis
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The con ict in Darfur has been described both as an ethnic cleansing campaign, carried out by the Sudanese government and its allied militias, and as a local struggle over dwindling natural resources between African farmers and Arab herders. In this paper, we construct a theoretical framework for understanding the choice between ethnic cleansing and resource capture and use a previously unexploited data set on 530 villages in Southwestern Darfur to analyze the determinants of attacks in the region. Our results clearly indicate that Janjaweed attacks have been targeted at villages dominated by the major rebel tribes, resulting in a massive displacement of those populations. Resource variables, capturing access to water and land quality, also have some explanatory power but are not consistently signi cant. These patterns suggest that attacks in the area had ethnic cleansing as a primary objective.
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