| 61. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic Cleansing or Resource Struggle in Darfur? An Empirical Analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3878. ; 103:July, s. 299-312
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conflict in Darfur has been described both as an ethnic cleansing campaign, carried out by the Sudanese government and its allied militias, and as a local struggle over dwindling natural resources between African farmers and Arab herders. In this paper, we use a previously unexploited data set to analyze the determinants of Janjaweed attacks on 530 civilian villages in Southwestern Darfur during the campaign that started in 2003. Our results clearly indicate that attacks have been targeted at villages dominated by the major rebel tribes, resulting in a massive displacement of those populations. Resource variables, capturing access to water and land quality, also appear to have played an important role. These patterns suggest that attacks in the area were motivated by both ethnic cleansing and resource capture, although the ethnic variables consistently have a larger impact.
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| 62. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971
(författare)
-
Geography and Institutions: A Review of Plausible and Implausible Linkages
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, empirical investigations have shown that various aspects of physical geography are closely related to the quality of a country´s economic institutions. For instance, distance from the equator in latitude degrees is positively correlated to both institutional quality and to levels of economic development. In order to reach a better understanding for this type of regularities, this article reviews the growing empirical literature on geography and institutions, as well as a large body of older and newer theoretical works on the social impacts of geography. It is argued that the most plausible candidates for explaining the broadest cross-continental variance in institutional quality are those focusing on historical differences in biogeographical potential for early agriculture and on the importance of disease geography for European colonization strategy.
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
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| 65. |
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatet och samhällsekonomin
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. ; 36:4, s. 3-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 68. |
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| 69. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-Run Cultural Divergence: Evidence From the Neolithic Revolution
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper investigates the long-run infuence of the Neolithic Revolution on contemporary cultural norms and institutions as reflected in the dimension of collectivism-individualism. We outline an agricultural origins-model of cultural divergence where we claim that the advent of farming in a core region was characterized by collectivist values and eventually triggered the out-migration of individualistic farmers towards more and more peripheral areas. This migration pattern caused the initial cultural divergence, which remained persistent over generations. The key mechanism is demonstrated in an extended Malthusian growth model that explicitly models cultural dynamics and a migration choice for individualistic farmers. Using detailed data on the date of adoption of Neolithic agriculture among Western regions and countries, the empirical findings show that the regions which adopted agriculture early also value obedience more and feel less in control of their lives. They have also had very little experience of democracy during the last century. The findings add to the literature by suggesting the possibility of extremely long lasting norms and beliefs infuencing today's socioeconomic outcomes.
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| 70. |
- Olsson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-Run Cultural Divergence: Evidence From the Neolithic Revolution
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3878. ; 122:September, s. 197-213
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the long-run influence of the Neolithic Revolution on contemporary cultural norms as reflected in the dimension of collectivism–individualism. We present a theory of agricultural origins of cultural divergence, where we claim that the advent of farming in a core region was characterized by collectivist values and eventually triggered the out-migration of individualistic farmers towards more and more peripheral areas. This migration pattern caused the initial cultural divergence, which remained persistent over generations. Using detailed data on the date of adoption of Neolithic agriculture among Western regions and countries, the empirical findings show that the regions which adopted agriculture early also value obedience more and feel less in control of their lives. The findings add to the literature by suggesting the possibility of extremely long-lasting norms and beliefs influencing today's socioeconomic outcomes.
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