| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Broberg, Anders G, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Anknytning i praktiken -- tillämpningar av anknytningsteorin
- 2008
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna fristående andra del om anknytning ger ett fylligt kunskapsunderlag till hur anknytningsteorin kan tillämpas från spädbarnsåren till vuxen ålder. Anknytningsteorin anses idag vara den viktigaste psykologiska teorin för att förklara hur människor förhåller sig till närhet, omsorg och självständighet i relationer. I boken beskrivs betydelsen av ett lyhört föräldraskap, tidiga insatser vid omsorgssviktklinisk späd- och småbarnspsykologi, hur olika anknytningsmönster påverkar psykisk hälsa och ohälsa i olika åldrar samt hur forskare och kliniker kan mäta anknytningstrygghet hos barn, ungdomar och vuxna. Ett andligt perspektiv beskriver hur relationen till Gud kan fungera som en trygg säker hamn vid oro, förvirring och sorg. Inom psykoterapi är anknytningsperspektivet bland annat värdefullt eftersom terapeuten kan ofta fungerar som en trygg bas för inre och yttre utforskande, och då de flesta terapier ofta berör relationella områden som separationer, trygghet och kärlek.
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| 23. |
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| 25. |
- Ivanova, M. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youth-rated problems and strengths in 38 societies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0021-9630 .- 1469-7610. ; 63:11, s. 1297-1307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Clinicians increasingly serve youths from societal/cultural backgrounds different from their own. This raises questions about how to interpret what such youths report. Rescorla et al. (2019, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 1107) found that much more variance in 72,493 parents' ratings of their offspring's mental health problems was accounted for by individual differences than by societal or cultural differences. Although parents' reports are essential for clinical assessment of their offspring, they reflect parents' perceptions of the offspring. Consequently, clinical assessment also requires self-reports from the offspring themselves. To test effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youths' self-ratings of their problems and strengths, we analyzed Youth Self-Report (YSR) scores for 39,849 11-17 year olds in 38 societies. Methods: Indigenous researchers obtained YSR self-ratings from population samples of youths in 38 societies representing 10 culture cluster identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study. Hierarchical linear modeling of scores on 17 problem scales and one strengths scale estimated the percent of variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. ANOVAs tested age and gender effects. Results: Averaged across the 17 problem scales, individual differences accounted for 92.5% of variance, societal differences 6.0%, and cultural differences 1.5%. For strengths, individual differences accounted for 83.4% of variance, societal differences 10.1%, and cultural differences 6.5%. Age and gender had very small effects. Conclusions: Like parents' ratings, youths' self-ratings of problems were affected much more by individual differences than societal/cultural differences. Most variance in self-rated strengths also reflected individual differences, but societal/cultural effects were larger than for problems, suggesting greater influence of social desirability. The clinical significance of individual differences in youths' self-reports should thus not be minimized by societal/cultural differences, which-while important-can be taken into account with appropriate norms, as can gender and age differences.
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| 26. |
- Ivanova, M.Y, et al.
(författare)
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Testing Syndromes of Psychopathology in Parent and Youth Ratings Across Societies
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1537-4416 .- 1537-4424. ; 48:4, s. 596-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As societies become increasingly diverse, mental health professionals need instruments for assessing emotional, behavioral, and social problems in terms of constructs that are supported within and across societies. Building on decades of research findings, multisample alignment confirmatory factor analyses tested an empirically based 8-syndrome model on parent ratings across 30 societies and youth self-ratings across 19 societies. The Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6–18 and Youth Self-Report for Ages 11–18 were used to measure syndromes descriptively designated as Anxious/ Depressed, Withdrawn/Depressed, Somatic Complaints, Social Problems, Thought Problems, Attention Problems, Rule-Breaking Behavior, and Aggressive Behavior. For both parent ratings (N = 61,703) and self-ratings (N = 29,486), results supported aggregation of problem items into 8 first-order syndromes for all societies (configural invariance), plus the invariance of item loadings (metric invariance) across the majority of societies. Supported across many societies in both parent and self-ratings, the 8 syndromes offer a parsimonious phenotypic taxonomy with clearly operatio- nalized assessment criteria. Mental health professionals in many societies can use the 8 syndromes to assess children and youths for clinical, training, and scientific purposes.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Strosberg, Jonathan R., et al.
(författare)
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Symptom Diaries of Patients with Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumors Treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Medicine. - : Society of Nuclear Medicine. - 0161-5505 .- 1535-5667 .- 2159-662X. ; 62:12, s. 1712-1718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the impact of 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment on abdominal pain, diarrhea, and flushing, symptoms that patients with advanced midgut neuroendocrine tumors often find burdensome.Methods: All patients enrolled in the international randomized phase 3 Neuroendocrine Tumors Therapy (NETTER-1) trial (177Lu-DOTATATE plus standard-dose octreotide long-acting repeatable [LAR], n = 117; high-dose octreotide LAR, n = 114) were asked to record the occurrence of predefined symptoms in a daily diary. Change from baseline in symptom scores (mean number of days with a symptom) was analyzed using a mixed model for repeated measures.Results: Patients (intent-to-treat) who received 177Lu-DOTATATE experienced a significantly greater decline from baseline in symptom scores than patients who received high-dose octreotide LAR. For 177Lu-DOTATATE, the mean decline in days with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and flushing was 4.10, 4.55, and 4.52 d per 4 wk, respectively, compared with 0.99, 1.44, and 2.54 d for high-dose octreotide LAR. The mean differences were 3.11 d (95% CI, 1.35–4.88; P = 0.0007) for abdominal pain, 3.11 d (1.18–5.04; P = 0.0017) for diarrhea, and 1.98 d (0.08–3.88; P = 0.0413) for flushing, favoring 177Lu-DOTATATE. A positive repeated-measures correlation was found between diary-recorded symptom scores and questionnaire-recorded pain, diarrhea, and flushing.Conclusion: In addition to efficacy and quality-of-life benefits, symptom diaries from NETTER-1 demonstrated that treatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE was associated with statistically significant reductions in abdominal pain, diarrhea, and flushing, constituting the core symptoms of patients with progressive midgut neuroendocrine tumors, compared with high-dose octreotide LAR, supporting a beneficial effect of 177Lu-DOTATATE on health-related quality of life.
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| 29. |
- A., Johnsson, et al.
(författare)
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Physical inactivity increases the risk of endometrial cancer and premenopausal breast cancer
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472. ; 75:15 Suppl
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Epidemiological studies indicate that physical activity reduces the risk of cancer. Physical inactivity or sedentary behavior, has recently been suggested as a risk factor independent of physical activity level. Breast and endometrial cancer incidence have both been associated with physical activity, and endometrial cancer incidence with physical inactivity/sedentary behavior. The purpose of the present study was to investigate physical inactivity as a risk factor for breast cancer, divided into pre- and postmenopausal subtypes, and for endometrial cancer, and to explore possible dose-response relations regarding the level of physical inactivity. Methods. In a population-based prospective cohort study, 29 520 women in the southern part of Sweden, in ages between 25 and 64 years, participated. A questionnaire-based survey was performed 1990-92. Their reported professions were classified as sedentary or not which together with reported participation in competitive sports constituted the basis for classification into three activity-levels; (1) physical inactivity, defined as having sedentary occupation and no participation in competitive sports, (2) partly inactive, defined as either having a sedentary occupation or non- participation in competitive sports, (3) Physical active, defined as not having a sedentary occupation and participation in competitive sports. The association between physical inactivity and pre and postmenopausal breast and endometrial cancer incidence were analyzed by Cox regression, adjusted for hormonal factors, family history of cancer, body mass index (BMI) and age. Results. Physical inactive women had a significantly increased risk of endometrial cancer (HR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.14-5.11) and premenopausal breast cancer (HR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.14-5.02), compared with women who were less physical inactive. No such association was found for postmenopausal breast cancer. Analysis of linear trend showed a significant dose-response relationship with increased risk of both premenopausal breast cancer (ptrend 0.02) and endometrial cancer (ptrend
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| 30. |
- Aars, M, et al.
(författare)
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A conceptual framework for curriculum design in physiotherapy education: an internationaöl perspective
- 2003
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. ; 5:4, s. 161-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globalization is having a significant impact on healthcare and physiotherapy education, among other sectors, can benefit from this trend. The main aim of this work was to develop and describe a conceptual framework for physiotherapy curriculum design and, in doing so, to stimulate international debate on physiotherapy education. The framework was developed through an international collaboration and was tried out in the participating schools in order to refine it further. The current framework consists of three elements to be taken into account in physiotherapy curriculum design: (1) The content aspect or the knowledge base of physiotherapy; (2) the learning aspect or the student's learning process; and (3) the socio-cultural context aspect, which concerns the way in which physiotherapy is experienced and practised. The content aspect includes a description of core concepts of physiotherapy: body, movement and interaction, and acknowledges that physiotherapy should be science-based. The learning aspect and the socio-cultural context aspect form separate parts of the framework. Nonetheless, all aspects are intertwined and reflect theory-practice integration. This framework is offered for critical reflection and as the basis for a debate on the development and evaluation of physiotherapy programmes. Further work is needed in testing the relevance of this framework for curriculum design in different countries and settings. Keywords: Core knowledge; curriculum development; physiotherapy practice; professional issues; post-graduate education; socio-cultural context; student's learning; theory-practice integration; undergraduate education
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