| 281. |
- Sullivan, Patrick F, et al.
(författare)
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An unbiased metagenomic search for infectious agents using monozygotic twins discordantfor chronic fatigue
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Microbiology. - : BMC. - 1471-2180. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chronic fatigue syndrome is an idiopathic syndrome widely suspected of having an infectious orimmune etiology. We applied an unbiased metagenomic approach to try to identify known or novel infectiousagents in the serum of 45 cases with chronic fatigue syndrome or idiopathic chronic fatigue. Controls were theunaffected monozygotic co-twins of cases, and serum samples were obtained at the same place and time.Results: No novel DNA or RNA viral signatures were confidently identified. Four affected twins and no unaffectedtwins evidenced viremia with GB virus C (8.9% vs. 0%, p = 0.019), and one affected twin had previously undetectedhepatitis C viremia. An excess of GB virus C viremia in cases with chronic fatigue requires confirmation.Conclusions: Current, impairing chronic fatigue was not robustly associated with viremia detectable in serum.
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| 282. |
- Sullivan, Patrick F, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic fatigue in a population sample : definitions and heterogeneity
- 2005
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 35:9, s. 1337-1348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our data are consistent with the 'existence' of CFS-like illness although the dominant nosological approach captures population-level variation poorly. We suggest that studying a more parsimonious case definition - impairing chronic fatigue not due to a known cause - would represent a way forward.
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| 283. |
- Sullivan, Patrick F, et al.
(författare)
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Twin analyses of chronic fatigue in a Swedish national sample
- 2005
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 35:9, s. 1327-1336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current fatiguing illness appears to be a complex trait resulting from both environmental and genetic sources of variation without pronounced differences by gender.
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| 284. |
- Sun, Jiangwei, et al.
(författare)
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Gastrointestinal biopsy of normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation and risk of neurodegenerative disease : Nationwide matched cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 30:11, s. 3430-3439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Evidence has accumulated to support the early involvement of altered gastrointestinal (GI) function in neurodegenerative disease. However, risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) among individuals with a GI biopsy of normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation is unknown.Methods: This matched cohort study included all individuals in Sweden with a GI biopsy of normal mucosa (n = 480,346) or nonspecific inflammation (n = 655,937) during 1965-2016 (exposed group) as well as their individually matched population references and unexposed full siblings. A flexible parametric model and stratified Cox model were used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: Individuals with normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation had a higher risk of AD and PD during the 20 years after biopsy. Compared with the population references, individuals with normal mucosa had an increased risk of AD (incidence rate [IR] difference = 13.53 per 100,000 person-years, HR [95% CI] = 1.15 [1.11-1.20]) and PD (IR difference = 6.72, HR [95% CI] = 1.16 [1.10-1.23]). Elevated risk was also observed for nonspecific inflammation regarding AD (IR difference = 13.28, HR [95% CI] = 1.11 [1.08-1.14]) and PD (IR difference = 6.83, HR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.06-1.14]). Similar results were observed in subgroup and sensitivity analyses and when comparing with their unexposed siblings.Conclusions: Individuals with a GI biopsy of normal mucosa or nonspecific inflammation had an increased risk of AD and PD. This adds new evidence of the early involvement of GI dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease.
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| 285. |
- Sun, Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index and risk of over 100 cancer forms and subtypes in 4.1 million individuals in Sweden : the obesity and disease development Sweden (ODDS) pooled cohort study
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Lancet Regional Health. - : Elsevier. - 2666-7762. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for 13 cancers. We aimed to identify further potential obesity-related cancers and to quantify their association with BMI relative to that of established obesity-related cancers.Methods: Using Cox regression models on 4,142,349 individuals in Sweden (mean age 27.1 years at weight measurement), we calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between BMI and the risk of 122 cancers and cancer subtypes, grouped by topography and morphology. Cancers with a positive association (i.e., HR >1) at an α-level of 0.05 for obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) vs. normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) or per 5 kg/m2 higher BMI, for which obesity is not an established risk factor, were considered potentially obesity related.Findings: After 100.2 million person-years of follow-up, 332,501 incident cancer cases were recorded. We identified 15 cancers in men and 16 in women as potentially obesity related. These were cancers of the head and neck, gastrointestinal tract, malignant melanoma, genital organs, endocrine organs, connective tissue, and haematological malignancies. Among these, there was evidence of differential associations with BMI between subtypes of gastric cancer, small intestine cancer, cervical cancer, and lymphoid neoplasms (P values for heterogeneity in HRs <0.05). The HR (95% confidence interval) per 5 kg/m2 higher BMI was 1.17 (1.15–1.20) in men and 1.13 (1.11–1.15) in women for potential obesity-related cancers (51,690 cases), and 1.24 (1.22–1.26) in men and 1.12 (1.11–1.13) in women for established obesity-related cancers (84,384 cases). Interpretation: This study suggests a large number of potential obesity-related cancers could be added to already established ones. Importantly, the magnitudes of the associations were largely comparable to those of the already established obesity-related cancers. We also provide evidence of specific cancer subtypes driving some associations with BMI. Studies accounting for cancer-specific confounders are needed to confirm these findings.
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| 286. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Rationale for a Swedish cohort consortium
- 2019
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 124:1, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We herein outline the rationale for a Swedish cohort consortium, aiming to facilitate greater use of Swedish cohorts for world-class research. Coordination of all Swedish prospective population-based cohorts in a common infrastructure would enable more precise research findings and facilitate research on rare exposures and outcomes, leading to better utilization of study participants' data, better return of funders' investments, and higher benefit to patients and populations. We motivate the proposed infrastructure partly by lessons learned from a pilot study encompassing data from 21 cohorts. We envisage a standing Swedish cohort consortium that would drive development of epidemiological research methods and strengthen the Swedish as well as international epidemiological competence, community, and competitiveness.
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| 287. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for subarachnoid haemorrhage : a nationwide cohort of 950 000 adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:6, s. 2018-2025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with high mortality rate and substantial disability among survivors. Its causes are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate risk factors for SAH using a novel nationwide cohort consortium.METHODS: We obtained individual participant data of 949 683 persons (330 334 women) between 25 and 90 years old, with no history of SAH at baseline, from 21 population-based cohorts. Outcomes were obtained from the Swedish Patient and Causes of Death Registries.RESULTS: During 13 704 959 person-years of follow-up, 2659 cases of first-ever fatal or non-fatal SAH occurred, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 9.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) (7.4-10.6)/100 000 person-years] in men and 13.8 [(11.4-16.2)/100 000 person-years] in women. The incidence rate increased exponentially with higher age. In multivariable-adjusted Poisson models, marked sex interactions for current smoking and body mass index (BMI) were observed. Current smoking conferred a rate ratio (RR) of 2.24 (95% CI 1.95-2.57) in women and 1.62 (1.47-1.79) in men. One standard deviation higher BMI was associated with an RR of 0.86 (0.81-0.92) in women and 1.02 (0.96-1.08) in men. Higher blood pressure and lower education level were also associated with higher risk of SAH.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of SAH is 45% higher in women than in men, with substantial sex differences in risk factor strengths. In particular, a markedly stronger adverse effect of smoking in women may motivate targeted public health initiatives.
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| 288. |
- Surakka, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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A Genome-Wide Association Study of Monozygotic Twin-Pairs Suggests a Locus Related to Variability of Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
- 2012
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 15:6, s. 691-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association analysis on monozygotic twin-pairs offers a route to discovery of gene-environment interactions through testing for variability loci associated with sensitivity to individual environment/lifestyle. We present a genome-wide scan of loci associated with intra-pair differences in serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels. We report data for 1,720 monozygotic female twin-pairs from GenomEUtwin project with 2.5 million SNPs, imputed or genotyped, and measured serum lipid fractions for both twins. We found one locus associated with intra-pair differences in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, rs2483058 in an intron of SRGAP2, where twins carrying the C allele are more sensitive to environmental factors (P = 3.98 × 10-8). We followed up the association in further genotyped monozygotic twins (N = 1,261), which showed a moderate association for the variant (P = 0.200, same direction of an effect). In addition, we report a new association on the level of apolipoprotein A-II (P = 4.03 × 10-8).
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| 289. |
- Surakka, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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A Genome-Wide Screen for Interactions Reveals a New Locus on 4p15 Modifying the Effect of Waist-to-Hip Ratio on Total Cholesterol
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLoS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 7:10, s. e1002333-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies described 95 loci controlling serum lipid levels. These common variants explain similar to 25% of the heritability of the phenotypes. To date, no unbiased screen for gene-environment interactions for circulating lipids has been reported. We screened for variants that modify the relationship between known epidemiological risk factors and circulating lipid levels in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) data from 18 population-based cohorts with European ancestry (maximum N = 32,225). We collected 8 further cohorts (N = 17,102) for replication, and rs6448771 on 4p15 demonstrated genome-wide significant interaction with waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR) on total cholesterol (TC) with a combined P-value of 4.79 x 10(-9). There were two potential candidate genes in the region, PCDH7 and CCKAR, with differential expression levels for rs6448771 genotypes in adipose tissue. The effect of WHR on TC was strongest for individuals carrying two copies of G allele, for whom a one standard deviation (sd) difference in WHR corresponds to 0.19 sd difference in TC concentration, while for A allele homozygous the difference was 0.12 sd. Our findings may open up possibilities for targeted intervention strategies for people characterized by specific genomic profiles. However, more refined measures of both body-fat distribution and metabolic measures are needed to understand how their joint dynamics are modified by the newly found locus.
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| 290. |
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