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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Persson Anders) ;spr:eng;srt2:(2005-2009)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Persson Anders) > Engelska > (2005-2009)

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41.
  • Bresell, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Ontology annotation treebrowser: an interactive tool where the complementarity of medical subject headings and gene ontology improves the interpretation of gene lists
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Applied Bioinformatics. - 1175-5636. ; 5:4, s. 225-236
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Gene expression and proteomics analysis allow the investigation of thousands of biomolecules in parallel. This results in a long list of interesting genes or proteins and a list of annotation terms in the order of thousands. It is not a trivial task to understand such a gene list and it would require extensive efforts to bring together the overwhelming amounts of associated information from the literature and databases. Thus, it is evident that we need ways of condensing and filtering this information. An excellent way to represent knowledge is to use ontologies, where it is possible to group genes or terms with overlapping context, rather than studying one-dimensional lists of keywords. Therefore, we have built the ontology annotation treebrowser (OAT) to represent, condense, filter and summarise the knowledge associated with a list of genes or proteins. The OAT system consists of two disjointed parts; a MySQL® database named OATdb, and a treebrowser engine that is implemented as a web interface. The OAT system is implemented using Perl scripts on an Apache web server and the gene, ontology and annotation data is stored in a relational MySQL® database. In OAT, we have harmonized the two ontologies of medical subject headings (MeSH) and gene ontology (GO), to enable us to use knowledge both from the literature and the annotation projects in the same tool. OAT includes multiple gene identifier sets, which are merged internally in the OAT database. We have also generated novel MeSH annotations by mapping accession numbers to MEDLINE entries. The ontology browser OAT was created to facilitate the analysis of gene lists. It can be browsed dynamically, so that a scientist can interact with the data and govern the outcome. Test statistics show which branches are enriched. We also show that the two ontologies complement each other, with surprisingly low overlap, by mapping annotations to the Unified Medical Language System®. We have developed a novel interactive annotation browser that is the first to incorporate both MeSH and GO for improved interpretation of gene lists. With OAT, we illustrate the benefits of combining MeSH and GO for understanding gene lists. OAT is available as a public web service at: http://www.ifm.liu.se/bioinfo/oat
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42.
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43.
  • Brismar, Torkel, et al. (författare)
  • Liver Vessel Enhancement by Gd-BOPTA and Gc-EOB-DTPA – a Comparison in Healthy Volunteers.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 50:7, s. 709-715
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: A thorough understanding of magnetic resonance (MR) contrast media dynamics makes it possible to choose the optimal contrast media for each investigation. Differences in visualizing hepatobiliary function between Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA have previously been demonstrated, but less has been published regarding differences in liver vessel visualization.Purpose: To compare the liver vessel and liver parenchymal enhancement dynamics of Gd-BOPTA (MultiHance®) and Gd-EOB-DTPA (Primovist®). Material and Methods: The signal intensity of the liver parenchyma, the common hepatic artery, the middle hepatic vein, and a segmental branch of the right portal vein, was obtained in 10 healthy volunteers before contrast media administration, during arterial and portal venous phases, and 10, 20, 30, 40 and 130 minutes after intravenous contrast medium injection, but due to scanner limitations not during the hepatic venous phase. Results: Maximum enhancement of liver parenchyma was observed from the portal venous phase until 130 minutes after Gd-BOPTA administration and from 10 minutes to 40 minutes after Gd-EOB-DTPA. There was no difference in maximum enhancement of liver parenchyma between the two contrast media. When using Gd-BOPTA, the vascular contrast enhancement was still apparent 40 minutes after injection, but had vanished 10 minutes after Gd-EOB-DTPA injection. The maximum difference in signal intensity between the vessels and the liver parenchyma was significantly greater with Gd-BOPTA than with Gd-EOB-DTPA (p<0.0001). Conclusion: At the dosage used in this study Gd-BOPTA yields higher maximum enhancement of the hepatic artery, portal vein and middle hepatic vein during the arterial and the portal venous phase and during the delayed phases than Gd-EOB-DTPA does, whereas there is no difference in liver parenchymal enhancement between the two contrast agents.
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44.
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45.
  • Bryngelsson, David, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of food-price movements on African households - An investigation of food production and consumption patterns in four African countries
  • 2009
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The recent spike in world food prices has intensified the debate regarding the impact of food prices on poverty. In this paper we aim to assess households’ vulnerability to food-price increases in four countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using household data from the World Bank’s Living Standard Measurement Surveys in Ghana (2005–2006), Kagera region, Tanzania (2004), Malawi (2004–2005) and South Africa (1993) we analyze food production and consumption patterns in rural and urban populations. We use two established indicators of sensitivity to food price changes—one measuring the share of income spent on food, the other measuring net sales of food compared to total expenditures. We find that the shares of the populations spending more than half of their income on food ranges from 62–81% in rural areas and from 26–67% in urban areas. Further we find that in all regions studied, most households (74–99%) in rural areas are net buyers of food and stand to lose in the short term from higher food prices. As expected, for urban households this is true to an even higher extent. In contrast to earlier studies we look at all food items and not just one or a few staple foods, giving a better understanding of vulnerability to general food price changes. We find that the exclusion of non-staple foods has a significant impact on theresults.
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46.
  • Carroll, David C., et al. (författare)
  • Dynamic control and enhancement of laser-accelerated protons using multiple laser pulses
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Comptes Rendus. Physique. - : Elsevier BV. - 1631-0705. ; 10:2-3, s. 188-196
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The use of schemes involving multiple laser pulses to enhance and control the properties of beams of protons accelerated in ultra-intense laser irradiation of planar foil targets is discussed. Specifically, the schemes include the use of a second laser pulse to produce and control preplasma expansion of the target to enhance energy coupling to the proton beam; the use of a second laser pulse to drive shock deformation of the target to change the direction of the proton beam; and a scheme involving dual high intensity laser pulses to change the properties of the sheath field, with the aim of modifying the proton energy spectrum. An overview of our recent experimental and theoretical results is given. The overall aim of this work is to determine the extent to which the properties of the sheath-accelerated proton beam can be optically controlled, to enable beam delivery at high repetition rates. To cite this article: D.C. Carroll et al., C. R. Physique 10 (2009). (C) 2009 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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47.
  • Cassou, K., et al. (författare)
  • Optimization toward a high-average-brightness soft-x-ray laser pumped at grazing incidence
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Optics Letters. - 0146-9592. ; 32:2, s. 139-141
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report the near-field imaging characterization of a 10 Hz Ni-like 18.9 nm molybdenum soft-x-ray laser pumped in a grazing incidence pumping (GRIP) geometry with a table-top laser driver. We investigate the effect of varying the GRIP angle on the spatial behavior of the soft-x-ray laser source. After multiparameter optimization, we were able to find conditions to generate routinely a high-repetition-rate soft-x-ray laser with an energy level of up to 3 mu J/pulse and to 6 x 10(17) photons/s/mm(2)/mrad(2)/(0.1% bandwidth) average brightness and 1 x 10(28) photons/s/mm(2)/mrad(2)/(0.1% bandwidth) peak brightness. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America.
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48.
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49.
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50.
  • Dahlström, Nils, 1969-, et al. (författare)
  • Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance cholangiography with Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA in healthy subjects
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 48:4, s. 362-368
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: To evaluate the biliary enhancement dynamics of the two gadolinium chelates Gd-BOPTA (MultiHance) and Gd-EOB-DTPA (Primovist) in normal healthy subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers were evaluated with both agents by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 1.5T using a breath-hold gradient-echo T1-weighted VIBE sequence. The relative signal intensity (SI) differences between the common hepatic duct (CHD) and liver parenchyma were measured before and 10, 20, 30, 40, 130, 240, and 300 min after contrast medium injection. RESULTS: Biliary enhancement was obvious 10 min post-injection for Gd-EOB-DTPA and was noted at 20 min for Gd-BOPTA. At 40 min delay, Gd-BOPTA reached its peak biliary enhancement, but at neither 30 nor 40 min delay was there any significant difference compared with that of Gd-EOB-DTPA. At later delays, the contrast between CHD and liver continued to increase for Gd-EOB-DTPA, whereas it decreased for Gd-BOPTA. CONCLUSION: The earlier onset and longer duration of a high contrast between CHD and liver for Gd-EOB-DTPA facilitates examination of hepatobiliary excretion. Therefore, Gd-EOB-DTPA may provide adequate hepatobiliary imaging within a shorter time span than Gd-BOPTA and facilitate scheduling at the MR unit. Further studies in patients are required to compare the imaging advantages of Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA in clinical practice.
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