| 551. |
- Worsaae, K., et al.
(författare)
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Phylogenetic position of Nerillidae and Aberranta (Polychaeta, Annelida), analysed by direct optimization of combined molecular and morphological data
- 2005
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Ingår i: Zoologica Scripta. - : Wiley. - 0300-3256 .- 1463-6409. ; 34:3, s. 313-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phylogenetic position of the most speciose meiofaunal polychaete family, Nerillidae, has remained contentious. Recent hypotheses have generally focused on the fact that Nerillidae shares with Aciculata (a major polychaete subgroup) features such as compound chaetae, ventral buccal organ and short ventrolateral palps. Here we present the first phylogenetic analysis of Aciculata, together with Nerillidae, combining morphological and molecular data. We also include Aberrantidae, previously referred to or placed near to spiomorph polychaetes, but recently referred to Aciculata, possibly close to Nerillidae. The data sets of 24 terminals contain 53 morphological characters and nearly complete sequences of 18S rRNA. The sequences were analysed simultaneously with the morphological data by direct optimization in the program POY with a variety of parameter settings (costs of gaps: transversions: transitions). The various settings resulted in markedly different phylogenetic hypotheses, but on the basis of congruence (ILD) the results of two parameter settings were chosen. In all analyses, the three included nerillid species constituted a monophyletic group. Only two analyses provided fully resolved cladograms. The morphological analysis gave poor resolution and the position of the nerillids was equivocal. The two molecular-based cladograms (minimizing ILD) were also poorly resolved, but one provided a position for nerillids next to Eunice pennata and Nothria conchilega, from the subgroup Eunicida within Aciculata. The two cladograms of the combined analyses (minimizing ILD) were fully resolved and placed nerillids in a terminal position next to Aberranta sp., within a clade of eunicidan species. The study showed that the analytical conditions for the homology assignment of 18S rRNA strongly influenced the phylogenetic results. The various previous proposals on the phylogenetic position of the Nerillidae are reviewed, some of which are in accordance with the results of the present study.
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| 552. |
- Yaman, Ilayda, et al.
(författare)
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The LuViRA Dataset: Synchronized Vision, Radio, and Audio Sensors for Indoor Localization
- 2024
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Ingår i: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). - 9798350384574
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a synchronized multisensory dataset for accurate and robust indoor localization: the Lund University Vision, Radio, and Audio (LuViRA) Dataset. The dataset includes color images, corresponding depth maps, inertial measurement unit (IMU) readings, channel response between a 5G massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) testbed and user equipment, audio recorded by 12 microphones, and accurate six degrees of freedom (6DOF) pose ground truth of 0.5 mm. We synchronize these sensors to ensure that all data is recorded simultaneously. A camera, speaker, and transmit antenna are placed on top of a slowly moving service robot, and 89 trajectories are recorded. Each trajectory includes 20 to 50 seconds of recorded sensor data and ground truth labels. Data from different sensors can be used separately or jointly to perform localization tasks, and data from the motion capture (mocap) system is used to verify the results obtained by the localization algorithms. The main aim of this dataset is to enable research on sensor fusion with the most commonly used sensors for localization tasks. Moreover, the full dataset or some parts of it can also be used for other research areas such as channel estimation, image classification, etc. Our dataset is available at: https://github.com/ilaydayaman/LuViRA_Dataset
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| 553. |
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| 554. |
- Zheng, Yifan, et al.
(författare)
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Robustness of optimal energy thresholds in photon-counting spectral CT
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : ELSEVIER. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 953
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important question when developing photon-counting detectors for computed tomography is how to select energy thresholds. In this work thresholds are optimized by maximizing signal-difference-to-noise ratio squared (SDNR2) in an optimally weighted image and signal-to-noise ratio squared (SNR2) in a gadolinium basis image in a silicon-strip detector and a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector, factoring in pileup and imperfect energy response based on real-world detector systems. To investigate to what extent one single set of thresholds could be applied in various imaging tasks, the robustness of optimal thresholds with 2 to 8 bins is examined with the variation of phantom thicknesses, target materials and detector configurations. In contrast to previous studies, the optimal threshold locations do not always increase with increasing attenuation if pileup is included. With respect to the tradeoff between higher SDNR2 or SNR2 and less data, setting optimal thresholds for a 30 cm phantom yields robust SDNR2 and setting optimal thresholds for a 50 cm phantom yields robust SNR2 with 6 to 8 bins in the silicon-strip detector. Furthermore, setting optimal thresholds for a 30 cm phantom yields robust SDNR2 or SNR2 with 6 to 8 bins and a pixel size less than or equal to 0.5 x 0.5 mm(2) in the CZT detector.
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| 555. |
- Zvyagilskaya, Renata A., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the Pho89 phosphate transporter by functional hyperexpression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2008
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Ingår i: FEMS yeast research (Print). - : Oxford University Press. - 1567-1356 .- 1567-1364. ; 8:5, s. 685-696
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Na(+)-coupled, high-affinity Pho89 plasma membrane phosphate transporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has so far been difficult to study because of its low activity and special properties. In this study, we have used a pho84Deltapho87Deltapho90Deltapho91Delta quadruple deletion strain of S. cerevisiae devoid of all transporter genes specific for inorganic phosphate, except for PHO89, to functionally characterize Pho89 under conditions where its expression is hyperstimulated. Under these conditions, the Pho89 protein is strongly upregulated and is the sole high-capacity phosphate transporter sustaining cellular acquisition of inorganic phosphate. Even if Pho89 is synthesized in cells grown at pH 4.5-8.0, the transporter is functionally active under alkaline conditions only, with a K(m) value reflecting high-affinity properties of the transporter and with a transport rate about 100-fold higher than that of the protein in a wild-type strain. Even under these hyperexpressive conditions, Pho89 is unable to sense and signal extracellular phosphate levels. In cells grown at pH 8.0, Pho89-mediated phosphate uptake at alkaline pH is cation-dependent with a strong activation by Na(+) ions and sensitivity to carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. The contribution of H(+)- and Na(+)-coupled phosphate transport systems in wild-type cells grown at different pH values was quantified. The contribution of the Na(+)-coupled transport system to the total cellular phosphate uptake activity increases progressively with increasing pH.
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| 556. |
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| 557. |
- Åhs, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Medial temporal lobe resection attenuates superior temporal sulcus response to faces
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neuropsychologia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0028-3932 .- 1873-3514. ; 61, s. 291-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Face perception depends on activation of a core face processing network including the fusiform face area, the occipital face area and the superior temporal sulcus (STS). The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is also involved in decoding facial expression and damage to the anterior MTL, including the amygdala, generally interferes with emotion recognition. The impairment in emotion recognition following anterior MTL injury can be a direct result from injured MTL circuitry, as well as an indirect result from decreased MTL modulation of areas in the core face network. To test whether the MTL modulates activity in the core face network, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate activation in the core face processing network in patients with right or left anterior temporal lobe resections (ATR) due to intractable epilepsy. We found reductions of face-related activation in the right STS after both right and left ATR together with impaired recognition of facial expressions. Reduced activity in the fusiform and the occipital face areas was also observed in patients after right ATR suggesting widespread effects on activity in the core face network in this group. The reduction in face-related STS activity after both right and left ATR suggests that MTL modulation of the STS may facilitate recognition of facial expression.
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| 558. |
- Åström, Fredrik, 1970-
(författare)
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The social and intellectual development of library and information science
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The background of the project is partly found in a long tradition within library and information science (LIS) of meta-analyses on the field, partly in a science studies discussion on research fields and their contextual relation to wider academia, fields of professionalpractices and professionalization processes. The general purpose of the project is to analyze the social and intellectual development and organization of LIS; and to investigate the impact of the close relation to the practice field, as well as the relation to the academic world in general. Based on the general purpose of the project and results and interpretations of the four articles attached to the thesis, three questions were stated for discussion in the thesis proper, concerning: the effects of a dual origin and LIS as a discipline, a field of research and a field of practice, the purpose of meta-studies and implications in terms of identity and perception of LIS; and competition and cooperation with other fields of research. Because of the heterogeneous nature of LIS, a variety of methods and materials was used in the different articles; and methodological issues on limits and bias in bibliographic databases – and the implications on the perception of research areas with varying publication and citation behaviour – were discussed. The analyses were performed against a theoretical framework, providing key organizational characteristics of scientific fields, relating to social, intellectual and contextual aspects, in combination with theories on scientific and disciplinary development, professionalization and interdisciplinarity; but also, for analytical contrast: alternate theories on the development of the sciences since 1945. LIS shows two distinct paths of development: research areas developing out of other fields of research; and a disciplinary development originating out of the field of practice and institutions for educating practitioners. Analyzing meta-studies of LIS, the picture of a field with a vague identity and a diverse self-understanding, even in terms of core characteristics, emerges. The relation to the wider academic community is characterized by diffuse boundaries towards, and competition from, other fields of research. In general, LIS is a fragmented field with a multitude of wildly varying research areas; and with large variations in terms of organizational setting; which together with a vague identity and diffuse boundaries, as well as the close connections to the field of practice, might contribute towards explaining problems LIS have been experiencing, establishing itself in academia. However, there are also signs towards an integration of a number of LIS research areas, as well as an increase in interdisciplinary cooperation, contradicting theories suggesting a further fragmentation; and supporting ideas on the sciences developing towards e.g. interdisciplinarity and applicability of results.
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| 559. |
- Älgenäs, Cajsa, et al.
(författare)
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Antibody performance in western blot applications is context- dependent
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768 .- 1860-7314. ; 9:3, s. 435-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important concern for the use of antibodies in various applications, such as western blot (WB) or immunohistochemistry (IHC), is specificity. This calls for systematic validations using well-designed conditions. Here, we have analyzed 13000 antibodies using western blot with lysates from human cell lines, tissues, and plasma. Standardized stratification showed that 45% of the antibodies yielded supportive staining, and the rest either no staining (12%) or protein bands of wrong size (43%). A comparative study of WB and IHC showed that the performance of antibodies is application-specific, although a correlation between no WB staining and weak IHC staining could be seen. To investigate the influence of protein abundance on the apparent specificity of the antibody, new WB analyses were performed for 1369 genes that gave unsupportive WBs in the initial screening using cell lysates with overexpressed full-length proteins. Then, more than 82% of the antibodies yielded a specific band corresponding to the full-length protein. Hence, the vast majority of the antibodies (90%) used in this study specifically recognize the target protein when present at sufficiently high levels. This demonstrates the context- and application-dependence of antibody validation and emphasizes that caution is needed when annotating binding reagents as specific or cross-reactive. WB is one of the most commonly used methods for validation of antibodies. Our data implicate that solely using one platform for antibody validation might give misleading information and therefore at least one additional method should be used to verify the achieved data.
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| 560. |
- Östman, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Family-Based Psycho-education : A Model Outmoded In Psychiatric Services Today?
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Family-based psycho-education – a model outmoded in psychiatric services today? Aim: To illuminate aspects of the resistance against a family based intervention a qualitative interview study with professionals was accomplished. Background: Family-based psycho-educational models, developed in the beginning of the 1970s, have in several Cochrane reviews shown evidence for a reduced rate of relapse and increased adherence to medication. Studies included in these meta-analyses all encompassed patients receiving in-patient care, and requiring relatives partaking in an extensive educational program. A multi-center randomised control study in Sweden, aimed to investigate the effects of a twelve-month long intervention of a psycho - educational model for people with severe mental illness, SMI, in psychiatric and community settings, showed a powerful resistance from primarily the professionals which had been well trained in the model and secondly the patients which had been offered the intervention. Method: In-depth interviews with 24 professions in psychiatric and community outpatient settings engaged in the RCT study. Results: The findings showed that both patients and professional partners are skeptical about treatment programs of family psycho-pedagogical nature and prefer pure patient perspective and more acute short interventions. A reason for this was according to the professions lack of resources, while their patients experienced a hindrance in bothering their loved ones. Conclusion: The findings might show that the model per se is outmoded, not fitting the new structures of support, with reduced inpatient care, for people with SMI. In worst case, the findings might indicate that family psycho education, notwithstanding evidence based, is unavailable to people with SMI and their relatives which might contribute to a structural stigmatization of this population. More research is needed to understand if our findings are consistent with findings in other international contexts.
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