| 101. |
- Persson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Trophic role of the omnivorous grass shrimp Palaemon elegans in a Swedish eelgrass system
- 2008
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology-Progress Series. ; 371, s. 203-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Algal grazers are thought to play a critical role in preventing overgrowth by ephemeral algae in seagrass beds. We studied the interaction between the omnivorous grass shrimp Palaemon elegans, the algal grazer Gammarus locusta and the filamentous green alga Ulva sp. (syn. Enteromorpha sp.) to assess whether the shrimp has a positive or negative effect on the growth of ephemeral algae in eelgrass beds on the Swedish west coast. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that P. elegans were effective predators on gammarids <8 mm total length (TL), as well as effective grazers of filamentous Ulva sp. The shrimp appeared to prefer gammarid prey over algae, and only consumed significant amounts of Ulva sp. when the gammarid prey was too large to be consumed efficiently. The total consumption of Ulva sp. was positively affected by shrimp when gammarid prey were >5 mm TL, but negatively affected when G. locusta was smaller. In a field cage experiment, enclosed P. elegans decreased the abundance of gammarids by on average 68%, causing a trophic cascade that increased the biomass of filamentous Ulva sp. 7-fold. These results suggest that P. elegans on the Swedish northwest coast feed mainly on amphipods, including the algal grazer G. locusta, resulting in a positive net trophic effect on the growth of filamentous Ulva sp. This study indicates that P. elegans may be an important link between overexploitation of cod in northwest Sweden and the recent increase of algal mats and loss of eelgrass in the area.
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| 102. |
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| 103. |
- Persson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Att främja en hälsosam livsstil hos personer med psykisk funktionsnedsättning
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vid en kartläggning, som genomfördes i Jönköpings län (2012) om det somatiska hälsoarbetet inom olika psykiatriska organisationer, framkom att det finns en efterfrågan av kunskap i hur man förebygger somatisk ohälsa hos personer med psykisk funktionsnedsättning. Det finns en önskan om rutiner för hur man ska jobba strukturerat med livsstilsfrågor i samverkan mellan olika aktörer. Kartläggningen har legat till grund för framtagandet av detta utbildningsmaterial.Syftet med utbildningsmaterialet är att hos personalen i de olika organisationerna öka kunskapen om vad som kan försvåra en hälsosam livsstil för personer med psykisk funktionsnedsättning och att förstå vikten av arbetet med livsstilsfrämjande insatser, för att förebygga somatisk ohälsa i målgruppen.Utbildningsmaterialet hoppas vi ska kunna användas på varje arbetsplats, som ett diskussionsunderlag i till exempel workshops eller på utbildningsdagar och vara ett stöd i hur man kan jobba hälsofrämjande i det dagliga arbetet. Vi hoppas också att utbildningsmaterialet kan öka intresset och motivationen hos personal att jobba med dessa frågor.I detta utbildningsmaterial innefattar psykisk funktionsnedsättning personer som har en allvarlig psykisk sjukdom så som; bipolär sjukdom, Schizofreni eller annan psykotisk sjukdom (Svenska psykiatriska föreningen 2010).Psykiatrisk vård innefattar både insatser från socialtjänsten och specialiserad psykiatrisk sluten- och öppenvård. Somatisk vård innefattar både primärvård och landstingstyrd sluten och öppenvård.Vårdpersonal innefattar personal från socialtjänsten, primärvård och specialiserad psykiatrisk sluten- och öppenvård.
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| 104. |
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| 105. |
- Preger, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Autoantigenic properties of the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase family in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Autoimmunity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0896-8411 .- 1095-9157. ; 134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Autoantibodies are thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory my-opathies (IIM). However, up to 40% of IIM patients, even those with clinical manifestations of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD), test seronegative to known myositis-specific autoantibodies. We hypothesized the existence of new potential autoantigens among human cytoplasmic aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (aaRS) in patients with IIM.Methods: Plasma samples from 217 patients with IIM according to 2017 EULAR/ACR criteria, including 50 pa-tients with ASSD, 165 without, and two with unknown ASSD status were identified retrospectively, as well as age and gender-matched sera from 156 population controls, and 219 disease controls. Patients with previously documented ASSD had to test positive for at least one of the five most common anti-aaRS autoantibodies (anti-Jo1,-PL7,-PL12,-EJ, and-OJ) and present with one or more of the following clinical manifestations: interstitial lung disease, myositis, arthritis, Raynaud's phenomenon, fever, or mechanic's hands. Demographics, laboratory, and clinical data of the IIM cohort (ASSD and non-ASSD) were compared. Samples were screened using a multiplex bead array assay for presence of autoantibodies against a panel of 117 recombinant protein variants, representing 33 myositis-related proteins, including all nineteen cytoplasmic aaRS. Prospectively collected clinical data for the IIM cohort were retrieved and compared between groups within the IIM cohort and correlated with the results of the autoantibody screening. Principal component analysis was used to analyze clinical manifestations between ASSD, non-ASSD groups, and individuals with novel anti-aaRS autoantibodies. Results: We identified reactivity towards 16 aaRS in 72 of the 217 IIM patients. Twelve patients displayed reactivity against nine novel aaRS. The novel autoantibody specificities were detected in four previously sero-negative patients for myositis-specific autoantibodies and eight with previously detected myositis-specific au-toantibodies. IIM individuals with novel anti-aaRS autoantibodies (n = 12) all had signs of myositis, and they had either muscle weakness and/or muscle enzyme elevation, 2/12 had mechanic's hands, 3/12 had interstitial lung disease, and 2/12 had arthritis. The individuals with novel anti-aaRS and a pathological muscle biopsy all presented widespread up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I. The reactivities against novel aaRS could be confirmed in ELISA and western blot. Using the multiplex bead array assay, we could confirm previously known reactivities to four of the most common aaRS (Jo1, PL12, PL7, and EJ (n = 45)) and identified patients positive for anti-Zo,-KS, and-HA (n = 10) that were not previously tested. A low frequency of anti-aaRS autoantibodies was also detected in controls.Conclusion: Our results suggest that most, if not all, cytoplasmic aaRS may become autoantigenic. Autoantibodies against new aaRS may be found in plasma of patients previously classified as seronegative with potential high clinical relevance.
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| 106. |
- Rosengren, Calle, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual reality : en revolution i arbetslivet?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nio - Fem Tidskrift om arbetsliv & profession. - 2001-9688.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I artikeln presenterar en tvärvetenskaplig forskargrupp vid Designvetenskaper, LTH, Lunds universitet sin forskning som syftar till att öka förståelsen för hur VR-tekniken kan tillämpas i arbetslivet inom tre områden. Det första är hur den kan användas för att förbättra interaktion och samverkan vid distansarbete. Den andra frågan är hur det ser ut när det gäller arbetsplatsbaserade tränings- och utbildningsinsatser. Den tredje frågan är hur VR-tekniken kan tillämpas som stöd för återhämtning och avkoppling på arbetsplatsen.
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| 107. |
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| 108. |
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| 109. |
- Scragg, Jonathan, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Cu–Zn disorder and band gap fluctuations in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 : Theoretical and experimental investigations
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physica status solidi. B, Basic research. - : Wiley. - 0370-1972 .- 1521-3951. ; 253:2, s. 247-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTS(e)) solar cells suffer from low-open-circuit voltages that have been blamed on the existence of band gap fluctuations, with different possible origins. In this paper, we show from both theoretical and experimental standpoints that disorder of Cu and Zn atoms is in all probability the primary cause of these fluctuations. First, quantification of Cu–Zn disorder in CZTS thin films is presented. The results indicate that disorder is prevalent in the majority of practical samples used for solar cells. Then, ab initio calculations for different arrangements and densities of disorder-induced [CuZn + ZnCu] defect pairs are presented and it is shown that spatial variations in band gap of the order of 200 meV can easily be caused by Cu–Zn disorder, which would cause large voltage losses in solar cells. Experiments using Raman spectroscopy and room temperature photoluminescence combined with in situ heat-treatments show that a shift in the energy of the dominant band-to-band recombination pathway correlates perfectly to the order-disorder transition, which clearly implicates Cu–Zn disorder as the cause of band gap fluctuations in CZTS. Our results suggest that elimination or passivation of Cu–Zn disorder could be very important for future improvements in the efficiency of CZTS(e)-based solar cells.
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| 110. |
- Siebentritt, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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The electronic structure of chalcopyrites-bands, point defects and grain boundaries
- 2010
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Ingår i: Progress in Photovoltaics. - : Wiley. - 1062-7995 .- 1099-159X. ; 18:6, s. 390-410
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We summarize the progress made recently in understanding the electronic structure of chalcopyrites. New insights into the dispersion of valence and conduction band allow conclusions on the effective masses of charge carriers and their orientation dependence, which influences the transport in solar cell absorbers of different orientation. Native point defects are responsible for the doping and thus the band bending in solar cells. Results of optoelectronic defect spectroscopy are reviewed. Native defects are also the source for a number of metastabilities, which strongly affect the efficiency of solar cells. Recent theoretical findings relate these effects to the Se vacancy and the In-Cu antisite defect. Experimentally determined activation energies support these models. Absorbers in chalcopyrite solar cells are polycrystalline, which is only possible because of the benign character of the grain boundaries. This can be related to an unusual electronic structure of the GB.
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