| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Eek-Karlsson, Liselotte, 1955-
(författare)
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Ungas samspel i sociala medier : Att balansera mellan ansvar och positionering
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The growing communication that takes place between young people today causes concern. The purpose of this study is to develop in – depth knowledge of the interaction that young people engage in online. The pedagogic interest is based on an investigation of conditions for social learning and social integration that exist in practice, which unfolds in virtual spaces created by social media. The technology referred to in this thesis is considered to be a social construction, which entails that values circulate between people, technology, and society. The theoretical point of departure is based on a pedagogic theory, which proposes that people develop their ability to cooperate, their social identity, and their understanding of the world through interaction with others. This dissertation includes three studies. The first study investigates support and harassment online (for example, insults). The second study is conducted for the purpose of revealing the discursive patterns in young people’s argumentation, based on a series of interviews. Finally, a text analysis of Facebook’s policy document was performed, with focus on the democratic values that are mediated via this document. The overall result is that considerably more young people feel that they are supported in social media, than those who are harassed. Both a supportive culture and a harassing culture can be defined however. The more often young people support their friends, the more often they find themselves to be the recipient of support. The same relationship pertains for harassing communication. Reciprocity, respect, and being responsible are dominant themes in a close circle of friends. In interaction with friends who are not members of the close circle of friends, communication is characterised by asymmetry and control. The imposition of discipline takes place as a function of both gender and status. The risk of being subject to reprisals is great, if the prevailing system of norms is violated. Young people’s social interaction in virtual spaces tends to be dominated by marketization where strategic behaviour, which primarily is a function of the individual’s social position and profit interest, is observed.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Emmanuel, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture Energy Measurement of Prismatic Plane and Σ2 Boundary in Cemented Carbide
- 2021
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Ingår i: JOM. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1047-4838 .- 1543-1851. ; 73:6, s. 1589-1596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grain boundary network of WC in WC-Co is important, as cracks often travel intergranularly. This motivates the present work, where we experimentally measure the fracture energy of Σ2 twist grain boundaries between WC crystals using a double cantilever beam opened with a wedge under displacement control in a WC-10wt%Co sample. The fracture energy of this boundary type was compared with cleaving {10 1 ¯ 0 } prismatic planes in a WC single crystal. Fracture energies of 7.04 ± 0.36 Jm−2 and 3.57 ± 0.28 Jm−2 were measured for {10 1 ¯ 0 } plane and Σ2 twist boundaries, respectively.
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| 25. |
- Fadl, Helena E., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized controlled study in pregnancy on treatment of marked hyperglycemia that is short of overt diabetes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 94:11, s. 1181-1187
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: A randomized multicenter study was conducted in the Stockholm-orebro areas in Sweden to evaluate how treatment aiming at normoglycemia affects fetal growth, pregnancy and neonatal outcome in pregnant women with severe hyperglycemia.Material and methods: Pregnant women with hyperglycemia defined as fasting capillary plasma glucose <7.0 mmol/L and a two-hour plasma glucose value 10.0 and <12.2 mmol/L following a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation were randomized to treatment (n=33) or controls (n=36). Women assigned to the control group were blinded for the OGTT results and received routine care. The therapeutic goal was fasting plasma glucose 4-5 mmol/L, and <6.5 mmol/L after a meal. Primary outcomes were size at birth and number of large-for-gestational age (>90th percentile) neonates. Secondary outcomes were pregnancy complications, neonatal morbidity and glycemic control.Results: The planned number of participating women was not reached. There was a significantly reduced rate of large-for-gestational age neonates, 21 vs. 47%, P<0.05. Group differences in pregnancy complications and neonatal morbidity were not detected because of limited statistical power. In total, 66.7% of the women in the intervention group received insulin. Of all measured plasma glucose values, 64.1% were in the target range, 7.2% in the hypoglycemic range and 28.7% above target values. There were no cases of severe hypoglycemia.Conclusions: Aiming for normalized glycemia in a pregnancy complicated by severe hyperglycemia reduces fetal growth but is associated with an increased rate of mild hypoglycemia.
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| 26. |
- Fahrenkrog, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Impact Assessment of Developed Applications – Overall interactIVe Assessment
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- interactIVe introduces active intervention safety systems in order to increase traffic safety. The interactIVe functions are – depending on their purpose – able to brake and steer autonomously. Furthermore, the driver is continuously supported by interactIVe assistance systems which warn the driver in potentially dangerous situations. Seven demonstrator vehicles – six passenger cars of different vehicle classes and one truck - are built up in interactIVe to develop, test, and evaluate the next generation of safety systems. The three vertical subprojects in interactIVe SECONDS, INCA and EMIC have developed 11 different functions with a wide range of target areas. The developed advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) comprise the following systems: • SP4 “SECONDS” dealing with functions, which support the driver continuously in the driving process. These functions should not only support the driver in dangerous situations, but help the driver to avoid them. • SP5 “INCA” dealing with functions, which combine longitudinal and lateral control of the vehicle in order to prevent imminent accidents. The INCA functions’ focus is not only on the collision avoidance in rear-end conflicts, but also on other types of conflicts, such as blind-spot and road departure situations. • SP6 “EMIC” deals with critical pre-crash applications, where collision mitigation can be realised at a reasonable cost. In order to evaluate the ADAS developed, an evaluation framework is required. Therefore, the subproject “Evaluation and Legal Aspects” is part of the interactIVe project, which has as main objective to provide this framework and to support the vertical subprojects in their evaluation work. The evaluation of the interactIVe functions has been divided into three main categories: • Technical Assessment to evaluate the performance of the developed functions and collect information and data for safety impact assessment. • User-Related Assessment to assess the functions from the user perspective, and also to provide further input to the safety impact assessment. • Impact Assessment to estimate how and how much the functions influence traffic safety. In this deliverable, the results of the evaluation in interactIVe are presented.
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| 27. |
- Fredholm, Susanne, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Best practices cases in heritage interpretation: Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Heritage Interpretation: a Look from Europe. Handbook of Best Practices.. ; , s. 207-219
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Manual of Good Practices in Heritage Interpretation (HI) in the European context offers an innovative approach to interpreters’ training and career, as such studies are very uncommon, due to the dispersion of information on interpretation. It also re- flects on the future of this sector, which is currently on the rise due to the international community's awareness of the importance of socialising heritage. Heritage communities are responsible for preserving and communicating heritage and thus for transmitting common European values related to cultural identity. Interpretation is a profession related directly to heritage awareness and preservation. One of the conclusions is that the profession of heritage interpreter is not fully recog- nised, and its competences are reduced to specific visitor-guide functions. This partial recognition overlooks many fundamental dimensions, as heritage interpreters are fo- cused on education and the transmission of heritage safeguarding values. Full recognition of heritage interpreter as a specific profession would involve understanding the ethics and responsibility of the profession for the preservation of heritage sites and their com- munication to the public, leading, among other things, to a more conscious perception of heritage as a social construction.
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| 28. |
- Ghandour, Salim, et al.
(författare)
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A model for the biomechanical assessment of discoplasty in a laboratory setting
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Percutaneous cement discoplasty is a spinal surgical technique which has been rarely tested outside the clinical setting. This study aimed at developing an ovine model framework to allow testing and optimization of discoplasty in a lab-controlled environment.
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| 29. |
- Ghandour, Salim, et al.
(författare)
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An ex-vivo Biomechanical Assessment of Cement Discoplasty
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Spinal fusion is the golden standard for treating degenerative disc disease. However, elderly patients with underlying chronic conditions cannot undergo spinal fusion due to healing impairment, risks of infection, and/or even morbidity. Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty (PCD) is a relatively new procedure that involves injecting poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cement into the disc to reduce pain and attempt to maintain spinal curvature and height. Therefore, this minimally invasive method could be an advantageous option for patients for whom open surgery is deemed too risky [1]. While this technique has already been attempted clinically, to the authors knowledge, only one preliminary study on the biomechanics of PCD is currently available [2]. This study aims to develop a more clinically relevant and repeatable method to study PCD in a lab setting. To this end, ovine spine was tested in three different categories: healthy disc; injured disc; treated disc. A papain enzyme solution [3] was used to create the vacuum phenomena in the sheep spine to represent the injury as observed in a clinical setting. Preliminary compression testing showed promising results with a significant increase in stability of the segments after treatment. Further on, this testing method can be used to test different materials, surgical methods and biomechanical behaviour to further advance PCD.
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| 30. |
- Ghandour, Salim, et al.
(författare)
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An ex-vivo model for the biomechanical assessment of cement discoplasty
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-4185. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty (PCD) is a surgical technique developed to relieve pain in patients with advanced degenerative disc disease characterized by a vacuum phenomenon. It has been hypothesized that injecting bone cement into the disc improves the overall stability of the spinal segment. However, there is limited knowledge on the biomechanics of the spine postoperatively and a lack of models to assess the effect of PCD ex-vivo. This study aimed to develop a biomechanical model to study PCD in a repeatable and clinically relevant manner. Eleven ovine functional spinal units were dissected and tested under compression in three conditions: healthy, injured and treated. Injury was induced by a papain buffer and the treatment was conducted using PMMA cement. Each sample was scanned with micro-computed tomography (CT) and segmented for the three conditions. Similar cement volumes (in %) were injected in the ovine samples compared to volumes measured on clinical PCD CT images. Anterior and posterior disc heights decreased on average by 22.5% and 23.9% after injury. After treatment, the anterior and posterior disc height was restored on average to 98.5% and 83.6%, respectively, of their original healthy height. Compression testing showed a similar stiffness behavior between samples in the same group. A decrease of 51.5% in segment stiffness was found after injury, as expected. The following PCD treatment was found to result in a restoration of stiffness—showing only a difference of 5% in comparison to the uninjured state. The developed ex-vivo model gave an adequate representation of the clinical vacuum phenomena in terms of volume, and a repeatable mechanical response between samples. Discoplasty treatment was found to give a restoration in stiffness after injury. The data presented confirm the effectiveness of the PCD procedure in terms of restoration of axial stiffness in the spinal segment. The model can be used in the future to test more complex loading scenarios, novel materials, and different surgical techniques.
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