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Sökning: WFRF:(Perusse Louis)

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11.
  • Shungin, Dmitry, et al. (författare)
  • New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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12.
  • Ukkola, Olavi, et al. (författare)
  • Role of ghrelin polymorphisms in obesity based on three different studies.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Obesity research. - : Wiley. - 1071-7323. ; 10:8, s. 782-91
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Associations between preproghrelin DNA variants and obesity-related phenotypes were studied in 3004 subjects from the Québec Family Study (QFS), the HERITAGE Family Study (HERITAGE), and the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM) from underwater weighing, and abdominal fat from computerized tomography were measured. The ghrelin polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Arg51Gln QFS subjects (n = 6) had lower ghrelin concentrations (p = 0.007) than Arg51Arg subjects (n = 14). White preproghrelin Met72Met subjects in HERITAGE had the lowest BMI (p = 0.020), and those in the QFS cohort had the lowest FM (p < 0.001). Met72 carrier status (Met72+) was associated with lower FM (p = 0.026) and higher insulin-like growth factor-1 levels (p = 0.019) among blacks. Met72Met QFS subjects had less visceral fat (p = 0.002) and a lower fasting respiratory quotient (p = 0.037). HERITAGE Met72+ white subjects also showed lower exercise respiratory quotient (p = 0.030) and higher maximal oxygen uptake (p = 0.023). Furthermore, the prevalence of Met72+ was higher (19.2%; p < 0.05) in SOS subjects whose BMI was < or =25 kg/m(2) than in those with BMI >25 kg/m(2) (14.8%). SOS Met72+ obese women had a lower (11.4%; p = 0.032) prevalence of hypertension than noncarriers (23.9%). DISCUSSION: Arg51Gln mutation was associated with lower plasma ghrelin levels but not with obesity. The preproghrelin Met72 carrier status seems to be protective against fat accumulation and associated metabolic comorbidities.
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