| 911. |
- McCue, Molly E., et al.
(författare)
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A High Density SNP Array for the Domestic Horse and Extant Perissodactyla : Utility for Association Mapping, Genetic Diversity, and Phylogeny Studies
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 8:1, s. e1002451-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An equine SNP genotyping array was developed and evaluated on a panel of samples representing 14 domestic horse breeds and 18 evolutionarily related species. More than 54,000 polymorphic SNPs provided an average inter-SNP spacing of similar to 43 kb. The mean minor allele frequency across domestic horse breeds was 0.23, and the number of polymorphic SNPs within breeds ranged from 43,287 to 52,085. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium (LD) in most breeds declined rapidly over the first 50-100 kb and reached background levels within 1-2 Mb. The extent of LD and the level of inbreeding were highest in the Thoroughbred and lowest in the Mongolian and Quarter Horse. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analyses demonstrated the tight grouping of individuals within most breeds, close proximity of related breeds, and less tight grouping in admixed breeds. The close relationship between the Przewalski's Horse and the domestic horse was demonstrated by pair-wise genetic distance and MDS. Genotyping of other Perissodactyla (zebras, asses, tapirs, and rhinoceros) was variably successful, with call rates and the number of polymorphic loci varying across taxa. Parsimony analysis placed the modern horse as sister taxa to Equus przewalski. The utility of the SNP array in genome-wide association was confirmed by mapping the known recessive chestnut coat color locus (MC1R) and defining a conserved haplotype of similar to 750 kb across all breeds. These results demonstrate the high quality of this SNP genotyping resource, its usefulness in diverse genome analyses of the horse, and potential use in related species.
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| 912. |
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| 913. |
- Melkunaite, Laura
(författare)
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IMPROVER Deliverable 1.1 International Survey
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, the concept of resilience started to dominate strategic, operational as well as political domains of modern societies. Living in highly interconnected environment, where layers of infrastructures, people and economic interests interact creating both opportunities and vulnerabilities, different countries around the world turned towards resilience practices to reduce vulnerability of their critical infrastructures and societies. However, how can one implement resilience concepts without a comprehensive understanding of the concept itself? Focusing on the concept and practice of critical infrastructure resilience, this report provides a comprehensive overview of the existing scientific literature regarding the concept of resilience in general. It discusses the development of the concept of resilience and its application in societal, economic, ecological, organisational and critical infrastructure domains. The report provides an extensive discussion on the definition of resilience concepts, as well as information on scientific endeavours to implement and measure concepts of resilience. The report also contains detailed information on the definitions and implementation of the concepts of resilience in different continents, namely Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania, North America and South America. Focusing on the concept of critical infrastructure resilience, it provides an overview of the existing official concepts of resilience, implementation tools, and general practices aimed at increasing organisational, societal, economic and technical resilience in different countries. To collect all the information, the IMPROVER consortium performed an extensive literature review on the use of resilience concepts. We also held a workshop with the associate partners, and conducted a set of personal interviews with critical infrastructure operators and resilience experts around the Europe. While conducting a number of case studies in different continents, we analysed existing region and state-level documents, and reports.
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| 914. |
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| 915. |
- Mielke, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of CSF neurofilament light chain, neurogranin, and tau to MRI markers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimers & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 17:5, s. 801-812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction We determined whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NfL), neurogranin (Ng), and total-tau (t-tau) differentially mapped to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of cortical thickness, microstructural integrity (corpus callosum and cingulum fractional anisotropy [FA]), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Methods Analyses included 536 non-demented Mayo Clinic Study of Aging participants with CSF NfL, Ng, t-tau, amyloid beta (A beta)42 and longitudinal MRI scans. Linear mixed models assessed longitudinal associations between CSF markers and MRI changes. Results Higher CSF NfL was associated with decreasing microstructural integrity and WMH. Higher t-tau was associated with decreasing temporal lobe and Alzheimer's disease (AD) meta region of interest (ROI) cortical thickness. There was no association between Ng and any MRI measure. CSF A beta 42 interacted with Ng for declines in temporal lobe and AD meta ROI cortical thickness and cingulum FA. Discussion CSF NfL predicts changes in white matter integrity, t-tau reflects non-specific changes in cortical thickness, and Ng reflects AD-specific synaptic and neuronal degeneration.
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| 916. |
- Mielke, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Plasma and CSF neurofilament light Relation to longitudinal neuroimaging and cognitive measures
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 93:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective We aimed to (1) assess and compare baseline plasma and CSF neurofilament light (NfL) for cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with neuroimaging or cognition and (2) determine whether change in plasma NfL corresponded with change in these outcomes. Seventy-nine participants without dementia, median age 76 years, had plasma and CSF NfL, neuropsychological testing, and neuroimaging (MRI, amyloid PET, FDG-PET) at the same study visit, and a repeat visit (15 or 30 months later) with both plasma NfL and neuroimaging. Plasma NfL was measured on the Simoa-HD1 Platform and CSF NfL with an in-house ELISA. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the associations between baseline plasma or CSF NfL and cognitive and neuroimaging outcomes adjusting for age, sex, and education. The relationship between change in plasma NfL and change in the outcomes was assessed using linear regression. There were no cross-sectional associations between CSF or plasma NfL and any neuroimaging or cognitive measure. Longitudinally, higher baseline plasma NfL was associated with worsening in all neuroimaging measures, except amyloid PET, and global cognition. Higher baseline CSF NfL was associated with worsening in cortical thickness and diffusion MRI. The beta estimates for CSF NfL were similar to those for plasma NfL. Change in plasma NfL was associated with change in global cognition, attention, and amyloid PET. Elevated baseline plasma NfL is a prognostic marker of cognitive decline and neuroimaging measures of neurodegeneration, and has similar effect sizes to baseline CSF NfL. Change in plasma NfL also tracked with short-term cognitive change.
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| 917. |
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| 918. |
- Minhas, Nasir Mehmood, 1973-
(författare)
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Regression Testing Challenges and Solutions : An Industry-Academia Perspective
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Software quality assurance (QA) is an essential activity in the software development lifecycle. Among the different QA activities, regression testing is a challenging task for large-scale software development. Regression testing is a well-researched area, and a large number of techniques have been proposed to fulfill the needs of industry. Despite the extensive research, the adoption of proposed regression testing techniques in the industry is limited. Studies show that there is a visible gap between research and practice.Objective: This work aims at reducing the gap between industry and academia in regression testing. To fulfill this aim we have the following objectives:1) Understanding the practitioners' goals regarding regression testing.2) Understanding the current state of regression testing practice and challenges in the industry.3) Investigating the testing research applicable in an industrial context.Method: We conducted multiple studies using different methods.To explore the industry perspective on regression testing we used focus group and interview-based studies. To explore solutions from the literature, we used the systematic literature review and systematic mapping study.Results: This thesis presents the practitioners' specific regression testing goals. The identified goals are confidence, controlled fault slippage, effectiveness, efficiency, and customer satisfaction. The challenges identified in the thesis are of two categories, 1) management related challenges and 2) technical challenges. Technical challenges relate to test suite maintenance, test case selection, test case prioritization, evaluation of regression testing.We have mapped 26 empirically evaluated regression testing techniques to the context, effect, and information taxonomies, and provided a guide to the practitioners regarding the adoption of the techniques in an industrial setting. We have also classified 56 model-based test case generation techniques regarding their strengths/limitations, input/intermediate models used, and relevance to the industrial context.Conclusions: The challenges identified in this study are not new for research and practice. There could be two reasons regarding the presence of recurring challenges: 1) regression testing techniques proposed in the literature do not fit the companies’ context, 2) or, companies are not aware of the availability of the techniques that could be suitable for their context. To support the adoption of existing research on regression testing in the industry, we have presented three taxonomies. These taxonomies, allow the characterization of regression testing techniques and enable to determine which of these techniques might be suitable in a given context. Furthermore, the identification of information needs for these techniques would be helpful to learn the implications regarding the cost of adoption. Regarding the support in test case generation, we conclude that current research on interaction model-based test case generation techniques did not illustrate the use of rigorous methodology, and currently, model-based test case generation techniques have low relevance for the industrial problems.
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| 919. |
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| 920. |
- Mohr, Magni, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of soccer vs swim training on bone formation in sedentary middle-aged women
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 115:12, s. 2671-2679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The present study examined the effects of 15weeks of soccer training and two different swimming training protocols on bone turnover in sedentary middle-aged women. Methods: Eighty-three premenopausal mildly hypertensive women [age: 45±6 (±SD)years, height: 165±6cm, weight: 80.0±14.1kg, body fat: 42.6±5.7%, systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure: 138±6/85±3mmHg] were randomized into soccer training (SOC, n=21), high-intensity intermittent swimming (HS, n=21), moderate-intensity swimming (MS, n=21) intervention groups, and a control group (C, n=20). The training groups completed three sessions per week for 15weeks. DXA scans were performed and resting blood samples were drawn pre- and post-intervention. Results: In SOC, plasma osteocalcin, procollagen type I N propeptide and C-terminal telopeptide increased (P<0.05) by 37±15, 52±23 and 42±18%, respectively, with no changes in MS, HS and C. The intervention-induced increase in SOC was larger (P<0.05) than in MS, HS and C. In SOC, leg BMC increased (P<0.05) by 3.1±4.5%, with a larger increase in SOC than inC. Femoral shaft and trochanter bone mineral density (BMD) increased (P<0.05) by 1.7±1.9 and 2.4±2.9%, respectively, in SOC, with a greater (P<0.05) change in SOC than inMS and C, whereas total body and total leg BMD did not change in any of the groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, 15weeks of soccer training with sedentary middle-aged women caused marked increases in bone turnover markers, with concomitant increases in leg bone mass. No changes in bone formation and resorption markers were seen after prolonged submaximal or high-intensity intermittent swimming training. Thus, soccer training appears to provide a powerful osteogenic stimulus in middle-aged women. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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