| 941. |
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| 942. |
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| 943. |
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| 944. |
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| 945. |
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| 946. |
- Uddhammar, A, et al.
(författare)
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Peripheral-blood lymphocyte subsets in polymyalgia-rheumatica
- 1995
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Ingår i: Clinical Rheumatology. - 0770-3198 .- 1434-9949. ; 14, s. 62-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 23 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) were characterized using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry in a two-year prospective study. There were no significant differences in absolute numbers or relative percentages of lymphocytes or CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells or the CD4+ T cell functional subsets, virgin (CD4+ CD45RA+) and memory (CD4+ CD29+) T cells, in patients before or during corticosteroid treatment compared to controls. Previous reports on decreased levels of CD8+ T cells as a characteristic of PMR/giant cell arteritis was not confirmed. The absolute number and relative percentage of lymphocytes with natural killer cell activity, CD16+ CD56+ cells, were significantly lower in patients with active untreated PMR as well as during corticosteriod treatment compared to controls, but at the two-year follow-up the difference was less marked.
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| 947. |
- Ulugut, Hulya, et al.
(författare)
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The natural history of primary progressive aphasia : beyond aphasia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5354 .- 1432-1459. ; 269:3, s. 1375-1385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is divided into three prototypical subtypes that are all characterized by their single core symptom of aphasia. Although later in their course, other cognitive, behavioral, and motor domains may become involved, little is known about the progression profile of each subtype relative to the other subtypes. Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective cohort study, based on the recent biomarker-supported diagnostic criteria, 24 subjects diagnosed with semantic variant (svPPA), 22 with non-fluent variant (nfvPPA), and 18 with logopenic variant (lvPPA) were collected and followed up for 1–6 years. Symptom distribution, cognitive test and neuropsychiatric inventory scores, and progression into another syndrome were assessed. Results: Over time, lvPPA progressed with broader language problems (PPA-extended) and nfvPPA progressed to mutism, whereas semantic impairment remained the major problem in svPPA. Apart from linguistic problems, svPPA developed pronounced behavioral disturbances, whereas lvPPA exhibited a greater cognitive decline. By contrast, in nfvPPA motor deficits were more common. Furthermore, within 5 years (IQR = 2.5) after clinical onset, 65.6% of the patients additionally fulfilled the clinical criteria for another neurodegenerative syndrome (PPA-plus). Fourteen out of 24 (58%) svPPA patients additionally met the diagnostic criteria of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (5.1 years, IQR = 1.1), whereas the clinical features of 15/18 (83%) lvPPA patients were consistent with Alzheimer disease dementia (4.5 years IQR = 3.4). Furthermore, 12/22 (54%) of the subjects with the nfvPPA progressed to meet the diagnostic criteria of corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, or motor neuron disease (5.1 years IQR = 3.4). Discussion: Despite aphasia being the initial and unique hallmark of the syndrome, our longitudinal results showed that PPA is not a language limited disorder and progression differs widely for each subtype, both with respect to the nature of symptoms and disease duration.
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| 948. |
- Uvebrant, Paul, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid shunt function in hydrocephalic children using 99mTc-DTPA.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery. - 0256-7040. ; 8:2, s. 76-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing numbers and survival of children with shunt-treated hydrocephalus make it mandatory to refine the methods for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt function evaluation. Radionuclide shuntography with 99mTc-DTPA, which has proved to be a safe and effective method, was performed in eight children with suspected CSF-shunt dysfunction. Characteristic shuntography patterns were found for proximal and distal CSF-shunt catheter obstruction as well as for overdrainage and normal CSF-shunt function. Shuntography contributed to the explanation of suspected CSF-shunt dysfunction in all children investigated.
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| 949. |
- van de Wolfshaar, K E, et al.
(författare)
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Population feedback after successful invasion leads to ecological suicide in seasonal environments.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0012-9658. ; 89:1, s. 259-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For most consumer species, winter represents a period of harsh food conditions in addition to the physiological strain that results from the low ambient temperatures. In sizestructured populations, larger-bodied individuals do better during winter as they have larger energy reserves to buffer starvation periods. In contrast, smaller-bodied individuals do better under growing conditions, as they have lower maintenance costs. We study how the interplay between size-dependent life-history processes and seasonal changes in temperature and food availability shape the long-term dynamics of a size-structured consumer population and its unstructured resource. We show that the size dependence of maintenance requirements translates into a minimum body size that is needed for surviving starvation when consumers can adapt only to a limited extent to the low food densities in winter. This size threshold can lead to population extinction because adult individuals suffer only a little during winter and hence produce large numbers of offspring. Due to population feedback on the resource and intense intra-cohort competition, newborn consumers then fail to reach the size threshold for survival. Under these conditions, small numbers of individuals can survive, increase in density, and build up a population, which will subsequently go extinct due to its feedback on the resource. High juvenile mortality may prevent this ecological suicide from occurring, as it releases resource competition among newborns and speeds up their growth. In size-structured populations, annual fluctuations in temperature and food availability may thus lead to a conflict between individual fitness and population persistence.
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| 950. |
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