| 21. |
- Abadie, J., et al.
(författare)
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Search for gravitational waves from intermediate mass binary black holes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368. ; 85:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of a weakly modeled burst search for gravitational waves from mergers of nonspinning intermediate mass black holes in the total mass range 100-450 M-circle dot and with the component mass ratios between 1: and 4:1. The search was conducted on data collected by the LIGO and Virgo detectors between November of 2005 and October of 2007. No plausible signals were observed by the search which constrains the astrophysical rates of the intermediate mass black holes mergers as a function of the component masses. In the most efficiently detected bin centered on 88 + 88 M-circle dot, for nonspinning sources, the rate density upper limit is 0.13 per Mpc(3) per Myr at the 90% confidence level.
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| 22. |
- Abadie, J., et al.
(författare)
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Search for gravitational waves from low mass compact binary coalescence in LIGO's sixth science run and Virgo's science runs 2 and 3
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368. ; 85:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a search for gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries using LIGO and Virgo observations between July 7, 2009, and October 20, 2010. We searched for signals from binaries with total mass between 2 and 25M(circle dot); this includes binary neutron stars, binary black holes, and binaries consisting of a black hole and neutron star. The detectors were sensitive to systems up to 40 Mpc distant for binary neutron stars, and further for higher mass systems. No gravitational-wave signals were detected. We report upper limits on the rate of compact binary coalescence as a function of total mass, including the results from previous LIGO and Virgo observations. The cumulative 90% confidence rate upper limits of the binary coalescence of binary neutron star, neutron star-black hole, and binary black hole systems are 1.3 x 10(-4), 3.1 x 10(-5), and 6.4 x 10(-6) Mpc(-3) yr(-1), respectively. These upper limits are up to a factor 1.4 lower than previously derived limits. We also report on results from a blind injection challenge.
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| 23. |
- Abadie, J., et al.
(författare)
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Upper limits on a stochastic gravitational-wave background using LIGO and Virgo interferometers at 600-1000 Hz
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368. ; 85:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A stochastic background of gravitational waves is expected to arise from a superposition of many incoherent sources of gravitational waves, of either cosmological or astrophysical origin. This background is a target for the current generation of ground-based detectors. In this article we present the first joint search for a stochastic background using data from the LIGO and Virgo interferometers. In a frequency band of 600-1000 Hz, we obtained a 95% upper limit on the amplitude of Omega(GW)(f) = Omega(3)(f/900 Hz)(3), of Omega(3) < 0.32, assuming a value of the Hubble parameter of h(100) = 0.71. These new limits are a factor of seven better than the previous best in this frequency band.
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| 24. |
- Adrian-Martinez, S., et al.
(författare)
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A first search for coincident gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1475-7516. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of the first search for gravitational wave bursts associated with high energy neutrinos. Together, these messengers could reveal new, hidden sources that are not observed by conventional photon astronomy, particularly at high energy. Our search uses neutrinos detected by the underwater neutrino telescope ANTARES in its 5 line configuration during the period January - September 2007, which coincided with the fifth and first science runs of LIGO and Virgo, respectively. The LIGO-Virgo data were analysed for candidate gravitational-wave signals coincident in time and direction with the neutrino events. No significant coincident events were observed. We place limits on the density of joint high energy neutrino - gravitational wave emission events in the local universe, and compare them with densities of merger and core-collapse events.
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| 25. |
- Albert, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Measured on Clinical Laboratory Platforms for the Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury and the Associated Need for Dialysis Therapy : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: American Journal of Kidney Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-6386 .- 1523-6838. ; 76:6, s. 826-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale & Objective: The usefulness of measures of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in urine or plasma obtained on clinical laboratory platforms for predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) and AKI requiring dialysis (AKI-D) has not been fully evaluated. We sought to quantitatively summarize published data to evaluate the value of urinary and plasma NGAL for kidney risk prediction.Study Design: Literature-based meta-analysis and individual-study-data meta-analysis of diagnostic studies following PRISMA-IPD guidelines.Setting & Study Populations: Studies of adults investigating AKI, severe AKI, and AKI-D in the setting of cardiac surgery, intensive care, or emergency department care using either urinary or plasma NGAL measured on clinical laboratory platforms.Selection Criteria for Studies: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and congress abstracts ever published through February 2020 reporting diagnostic test studies of NGAL measured on clinical laboratory platforms to predict AKI.Data Extraction: Individual-study-data meta analysis was accomplished by giving authors data specifications tailored to their studies and requesting standardized patient-level data analysis.Analytical Approach: Individual-study-data meta analysis used a bivariate time-to-event model for interval-censored data from which discriminative ability (AUC) was characterized. NGAL cutoff concentrations at 95% sensitivity, 95% specificity, and optimal sensitivity and specificity were also estimated. Models incorporated as confounders the clinical setting and use versus nonuse of urine output as a criterion for AKI. A literature-based meta-analysis was also performed for all published studies including those for which the authors were unable to provide individual-study data analyses.Results: We included 52 observational studies involving 13,040 patients. We analyzed 30 data sets for the individual-study-data meta-analysis. For AKI, severe AKI, and AKI-D, numbers of events were 837, 304, and 103 for analyses of urinary NGAL, respectively; these values were 705, 271, and 178 for analyses of plasma NGAL. Discriminative performance was similar in both meta-analyses. Individual-study-data meta-analysis AUCs for urinary NGAL were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73-0.76) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.79-0.81) for severe AKI and AKI-D, respectively; for plasma NGAL, the corresponding AUCs were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.790.81) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84-0.8 6). Cutoff concentrations at 95% specificity for urinary NGAL were >580 ng/mL with 27% sensitivity for severe AKI and >589 ng/mL with 24% sensitivity for AKI-D. Corresponding cutoffs for plasma NGAL were >364 ng/mL with 44% sensitivity and >546 ng/mL with 26% sensitivity, respectively.Limitations: Practice variability in initiation of dialysis. Imperfect harmonization of data across studies. Conclusions: Urinary and plasma NGAL concentrations may identify patients at high risk for AKI in clinical research and practice. The cutoff concentrations reported in this study require prospective evaluation.
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| 26. |
- Barkhordarian, Gagik, et al.
(författare)
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Formation of Ca(BH4)(2) from hydrogenation of CaH2+MgB2 composite
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 112:7, s. 2743-2749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hydrogenation of the CaH2+MgB2 Composite and the dehydrogenation of the resulting products are investigated in detail by in situ time-resolved synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction, high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry, infrared, and thermovolumetric measurements. It is demonstrated that a Ca(BH4)(2)+MgH2 composite is formed by hydrogenating a CaH2+MgB2 composite, at 350 degrees C and 140 bar of hydrogen. Two phases of Ca(BH4)(2) were characterized: alpha- and beta-Ca(BH4)(2). alpha-Ca(BH4)(2) transforms to beta-Ca(BH4)(2) at about 130 degrees C. Under the conditions used in the present study, beta-Ca(BH4)(2) decomposes first to CaH2, Ca3Mg4H14, Mg, B (or MgB2 depending on experimental conditions), and hydrogen at 360 degrees C, before complete decomposition to CaH2, Mg, B (or MgB2), and hydrogen at 400 degrees C. During hydrogenation under 140 bar of hydrogen, beta-Ca(BH4)(2) is formed at 250 degrees C, and alpha-Ca(BH4)(2) is formed when the sample is cooled to less than 130 degrees C. Ti isopropoxide improves the kinetics of the reactions, during both hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. The dehydrogenation temperature decreases to 250 degrees C, with 1 wt % of this additive, and hydrogenation starts already at 200 degrees C. We propose that the improved kinetics of the above reactions with MgB2 (compared to pure boron) can be explained by the different boron bonding within the crystal structure of MgB2 and pure boron.
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| 27. |
- Boesenberg, Ulrike, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen sorption properties of MgH2-LiBH4 composites
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2453 .- 1359-6454. ; 55:11, s. 3951-3958
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A detailed analysis of the reaction mechanism of the reactive hydride composite (RHC) MgH2 + 2LiBH(4) <-> MgB2 + 2LiH + 4H(2) was performed using high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HP-DSC) measurements and in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements along with kinetic investigations using a Sievert-type apparatus. For the desorption the following two-step reaction has been observed: MgH2 + 2LiBH(4) <-> Mg + 2LiBH(4) + H-2 <-> MgB2 + 2LiH + 4H(2). However, this reaction is kinetically restricted and proceeds only at elevated temperatures. In contrast to the desorption reaction, LiBH4 and MgH2 are found to form simultaneously under fairly moderate conditions of 50 bar hydrogen pressure in the temperature range of 250-300 degrees C. As found in pure light metal hydrides, significant improvement of sorption kinetics is possible if suitable additives are used. (c) 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Dantonello, Tobias M, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in the Local Treatment of Large Abdominal Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Surgical Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1068-9265 .- 1534-4681. ; 21:11, s. 3579-3586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. The best local treatment in large, nonmetastatic primary unresected nongenitourinary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the abdomen (LARME) is however unclear.METHODS:We analyzed patients with LARME treated in four consecutive CWS trials. All diagnoses were confirmed by reference reviews. Treatment included multiagent chemotherapy and local treatment of the primary tumor with surgery and/or radiotherapy. The impact of primary debulking surgery (PDS) also was studied.RESULTS:One hundred patients <21 years with a median age of 4 years had LARME. Sixty-one of them had a tumor >10 cm in diameter at diagnosis. PDS was performed in 19 of 100 children. The outcomes of patients with PDS were similar to those of the other patients. In 36 children, the tumor was resected after induction chemotherapy; 60 RME were irradiated. The toxic effects of radiochemotherapy were not significantly increased compared with the nonirradiated patients. With a median follow-up of 10 years, the 5-year EFS and OS were 52 ± 10 and 65 ± 9 %, respectively. Significant risk factors in multivariate analysis were age >10 years; no achievement of complete remission; and inadequate secondary local treatment, defined as incomplete secondary resection or no radiation.CONCLUSIONS:Children with LARME have a fair prognosis, despite an often huge tumor size and unfavorable primary site, if the tumors can either be resected or irradiated following induction chemotherapy. PDS was only performed in a small subgroup. Radiation performed concomitantly with chemotherapy did not increase the acute toxicity significantly.
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| 30. |
- Evans, P. A., et al.
(författare)
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Swift Follow-up Observations of Candidate Gravitational-wave Transient Events
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 203:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first multi-wavelength follow-up observations of two candidate gravitational-wave (GW) transient events recorded by LIGO and Virgo in their 2009-2010 science run. The events were selected with low latency by the network of GW detectors (within less than 10 minutes) and their candidate sky locations were observed by the Swift observatory (within 12 hr). Image transient detection was used to analyze the collected electromagnetic data, which were found to be consistent with background. Off-line analysis of the GW data alone has also established that the selected GW events show no evidence of an astrophysical origin; one of them is consistent with background and the other one was a test, part of a "blind injection challenge." With this work we demonstrate the feasibility of rapid follow-ups of GW transients and establish the sensitivity improvement joint electromagnetic and GW observations could bring. This is a first step toward an electromagnetic follow-up program in the regime of routine detections with the advanced GW instruments expected within this decade. In that regime, multi-wavelength observations will play a significant role in completing the astrophysical identification of GW sources. We present the methods and results from this first combined analysis and discuss its implications in terms of sensitivity for the present and future instruments.
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