| 1111. |
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| 1112. |
- Palmer, Nathan, et al.
(författare)
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A novel function for CDK2 activity at meiotic crossover sites
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLoS Biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1545-7885. ; 18:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic diversity in offspring is induced by meiotic recombination, which is initiated between homologs at >200 sites originating from meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs). Of this initial pool, only 1-2 DSBs per homolog pair will be designated to form meiotic crossovers (COs), where reciprocal genetic exchange occurs between parental chromosomes. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is known to localize to so-called "late recombination nodules" (LRNs) marking incipient CO sites. However, the role of CDK2 kinase activity in the process of CO formation remains uncertain. Here, we describe the phenotype of 2 Cdk2 point mutants with elevated or decreased activity, respectively. Elevated CDK2 activity was associated with increased numbers of LRN-associated proteins, including CDK2 itself and the MutL homolog 1 (MLH1) component of the MutLγ complex, but did not lead to increased numbers of COs. In contrast, reduced CDK2 activity leads to the complete absence of CO formation during meiotic prophase I. Our data suggest an important role for CDK2 in regulating MLH1 focus numbers and that the activity of this kinase is a key regulatory factor in the formation of meiotic COs.
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| 1113. |
- Pandey, Kavita, et al.
(författare)
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Improving electron transport in the hybrid perovskite solar cells using CaMnO3-based buffer layer
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nano Energy. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2211-2855 .- 2211-3282. ; 45, s. 287-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present article, the detailed analyses of interface properties and device performance of inorganic perovskite CaMnO3-based buffer layer hybrid perovskite solar cell have been undertaken. Analyses are based on ab initio simulations and macroscopic modelling. A thorough study of electronic and optical properties and interface charge dynamics revealed that CaMnO3 presents a better candidate for the electron transport material in thin film hole transporting material free hybrid perovskite solar cells with the planar architecture than the most common anatase TiO2. This result is founded on the more appropriate band gap and better band alignment with the hybrid perovskite, leading to the faster charge carrier mobility, improved charge transfer and reduced exciton recombination. The results from theoretical simulations are justified by the solar cell model, which explored the basic cell characteristics and parameters: open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor and efficiency, as the functions of cell performance factors, like defect density, diffusion length, absorber layer thickness and band offset. Our model suggests an unoptimized device with a photo-conversion efficiency of almost 10% for the low defect concentrations under 10(15). With efficiency in the upper range for HTM free perovskite solar cells, we propose that the CaMnO3-based solar cell poses as an improvement upon the up to now most frequently used ones and provides important step toward their commercialisation.
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| 1114. |
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| 1115. |
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| 1116. |
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| 1117. |
- Parma, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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More Than Smell—COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemical Senses. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0379-864X .- 1464-3553. ; 45:7, s. 609-622
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19–79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (−79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (−69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (−37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
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| 1118. |
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| 1119. |
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| 1120. |
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