| 81. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring users motivation in innovation communities
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management. - 1368-275X .- 1741-5098. ; 14:4, s. 298-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A rapid growth of technologies supporting user interaction on the Internet, such as social networking sites and other virtual communities, can be seen today. These virtual communities have been shown to be of great value to companies that want to involve users in their innovation processes. However, in order to guide organisations on how to utilise their innovation intermediary communities, more knowledge is needed regarding who they are and their motivational drivers for participating in a community. The aim of this paper therefore is to explore who the users are and what motivates them to contribute to innovation processes in an innovation intermediary community. The main findings of our study indicate that users' motivation to participate is influenced by community type as well as technology adoption type. This study show that in innovation intermediary communities, one important motivational factor for users is learning.
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| 82. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna
(författare)
-
Forming future IT : the living lab way of user involvement
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis addresses the process of user involvement in the development of information technology (IT) systems. The motive for this research is that there is still a need of more knowledge about how users can be involved in IT-development when the aim is to develop solutions that represent user needs. This is especially true when the IT-system is developed to attract users as private persons. One attempt to facilitate inclusion of private persons in IT development processes is a phenomenon called Living Lab. Living Labs is a human-centric research and development approach in which IT-systems are co-created, tested, and evaluated in the users' own private context. The Living Lab phenomena can be viewed in two ways, as an environment, and, as an approach and in this thesis, the perspective taken is Living Lab as an approach. Since the Living Lab phenomena is a rather new area there is a noticeable lack of theories and methods supporting its actions. Hence, the purpose of my research is to contribute to a successful use of Living Labs as a means for user involvement by answering the question: How can a Living Lab approach for user involvement that focus on user needs, be designed? To gain insights into the topic I have been involved in three development projects in which the aim was to develop IT solutions based on users' needs. The research method applied in this research is action research based on an interpretive stance; I have used different methods for data- collection, such as focus-group interviews, surveys, and work-shops. In short, the main lessons learned from this research relates to three overarching themes; User involvement, Grappling with user needs, and Living Labs. The first theme concern issues such as user characteristics, user roles, when and how users should be involved. The second theme is divided into two clusters, collecting user data, and generating and understanding user needs. Lessons related to collecting users data concern topics such as encouraging users, storytelling, understanding the social context and the users' situation. The lessons regarding generating and understanding user needs relates to users motivation, the importance of understanding different perspectives and different levels of user needs. The third theme relates to the key-principles of Living Lab approaches, and how these principles are handled, supported, and related to each other in user involvement processes that embrace a Living Lab approach. Based on the lessons learned about the three themes, a methodology called FormIT is formed. The aim of FormIT is to assist Living Lab activities in Living Lab environments, and the methodology is built on ten guidelines. These guidelines are Identify, Inform, Interact, Iterate, Involve, Influence, Inspire, Illuminate, Integrate, and Implement, and they support the design of a Living Lab way of user involvement processes and contribute to fulfil the key-principles of Living Labs. To conclude, this thesis contributes to the understanding of how data about user needs can be collected, generated, and understood through a Living Lab way of user involvement processes. This in turn, contributes to the development of future IT-systems based on user needs, which increases the probability for system acceptance among private persons.
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| 83. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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FormIT : an approach to user involvement
- 2008
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Ingår i: European living labs. - Berlin : Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Harri Deutsch GmbH. - 9783865733436 ; , s. 63-75
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 84. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna
(författare)
-
Human-centric evaluation of innovation
- 2006
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this Licentiate Thesis, human-centric evaluation of innovations are investigated with focus on examining and gaining understanding of important issues that needs to be considered in the evaluation process. The intention of my research is to contribute to IT-design processes so that future products and services, that are in various stages of development, become more responsive to users' actual needs and wants. IT has traditionally been used within the boundaries for either work- practices or private use. Nowadays, however, these boundaries have become increasingly blurred. Today's technology should not only support work, but also leisure. This means that the use of IT additionally includes areas such as entertainment, education, news, and marketing. Furthermore, IT- products and services should also be supportive for people in their different, although concurrent, everyday roles, such as parent, colleague, friend, consumer, and partner. These changed use contexts and use patterns have made it even more significant to understand the importance of designing technology to support different use situations. To get knowledge about how technology can support use patterns and use contexts a means is user involvement and through continuous evaluations. The evaluations reported in this thesis are evaluations of innovations. Evaluation of use of technology has often focused on usability aspects. Now, the area has developed to include additional use aspects, such as interaction and use experiences. Hence, the area of user evaluation has altered to include a broader question, how technology fits within a broad range of human needs. In this thesis, the reported evaluations mainly have been carried out in a Living Lab context. Living Labs aim to support innovation processes among businesses and local and central authorities by offering human-centric evaluation of innovations in a real-world use environment. The Living Lab concept is rather new. Thus, the evaluation processes, performed within this context, need to be examined. The investigation in this thesis has been carried out following an action research approach within a Living Lab. In this course, four human-centric evaluations were performed: a piece of furniture displaying video-art, a mobile marketing service, a civic-service office, and a mobile-phone bus timetable. The investigation has illuminated that the context in which the evaluations occur is critical. Hence, it needs to be considered and intentionally studied. My study has also shown that the development context for innovations is complex; there are many stakeholders involved with different knowledge interests and therefore, to reach a common purpose of the evaluation is complicated. In addition, it is difficult for stakeholders to express their evaluation needs clearly. Hence, a focus on needs facilitates planning and designing the evaluation process. In this research, an aspect that have been identified as important to consider in evaluations of innovations is that users are reluctant to change their behaviour; hence, it is not possible to evaluate the actual impact of an innovation on people's lives. Instead, the focus of the evaluation should be on valuing users' attitudes and thoughts related to the innovation. In addition, evaluations of innovations are often formative in character, aiming to form the innovations in some way. In these evaluations, it is important to include users who are innovative and open to new technologies. It is also important to include active non-users in evaluations, since their attitudes could reveal necessary changes that would make them want to use the innovation. Finally, when evaluating how an evaluand fits into a range of user needs, it has been found that user needs can be met at different levels. This means that a product, or a service, can meet the need of a user concerning one aspect, but still, the user might not be aware of the need of the product or service, as such. So, a need of an innovation might exist, but the users do not use it anyway; the users fulfil their needs by a different means. Therefore, if an innovation does what the users need it to do, a change in user behaviour needs to be encouraged to help the users change their actions.
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| 85. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Leveraging Living Lab Innovation Processes through Crowdsourcing
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technology Innovation Management Review. - : Carleton University. - 1927-0321. ; 5:12, s. 28-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Around the globe, crowdsourcing initiatives are emerging and contributing in a diversity of areas, such as in crisis management and product development and to carry out micro-tasks such as translations and transcriptions. The essence of crowdsourcing is to acknowledge that not all the talented people work for you; hence, crowdsourcing brings more perspectives, insights, and visions to, for instance, an innovation process. In this article, we analyze how crowdsourcing can contribute to the different stages of innovation processes carried out in living labs and thus contribute to living labs by strengthening their core role as innovation process facilitators. We have also identified benefits and challenges that need to be grappled with for managers of living labs to make it possible for the crowd to fully support their cause.
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| 86. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
Living Lab : Stimulating Adoption of Smart City Innovations
- 2016
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Ingår i: Open Living Lab Days 2016. - Montreal : European Network of Living Lab. - 9789082102758 ; , s. 145-162
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cities are facing complex and widespread problems such as changing demographics, reduction of resources and climate changes, unequal social participation, overfilled transport networks, and difficult trade-offs in land use decisions can only be turned into opportunities if suitable strategies are applied. To facilitate the efforts related to creating and sustaining smart city development, supportive infrastructures and innovative eco-systems need to be implemented and used, and one such infrastructure can be the concept of Living Labs. These Living Labs deploy contemporary open and user driven innovation processes into real world contexts in which all relevant stakeholders are involved and engaged with the endeavour to create and experiment with innovations. In this paper, we will illustrate and discuss a Living Lab approach focusing on a way to stimulate adoption of smart cities innovations among citizens in their domestic context and thus lowering their energy consumption. Our findings show that applying a Living Lab approach for adoption of innovation was successful in several ways. By stimulating participants to use the socio-technical solution in their context by assigning them well-defined tasks, participants both increased their understanding of the socio-technical solution, they changed their behaviour and they fulfilled the purpose of the technology. Hence, applying an interactive Living Lab approach in innovation processes can strengthen the adoption of smart city solutions.
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| 87. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Living Labs – real-world experiments to support open service innovation
- 2011
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Ingår i: eChallenges e-2011 Conference. - : IIMC International Information Management Corporation. - 9781905824274
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In today’s competitive and dynamic market it is of vital importance for organizations to innovate their processes, products and services to survive. One emerging concept that assists these demands is the open service innovation approach that strives to open up organisational borders to support a continuous outflow and inflow of innovations. In this paper the aim is two-folded, firstly we aim to explore how a Living Lab approach with real-world tests can contribute in open innovation processes and secondly we aim to identify important aspects an organisation aiming to implement the concept needs to grapple with. In our study users tested and experimented with energy meters and energy visualisation tools in their home for 6 months with the aim to further develop the innovation. We have found that by applying real-world experimentation users contributed to the innovation in four different dimensions. We also found that an open innovation approach requires an organisation that is communicative which entails strategies and structures to support that role.
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| 88. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Needs and accommodation in evaluation design
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of 12th European Conference on Information Technology Evaluation (ECITE 2005). ; , s. 457-464
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A clear understanding of the purpose of evaluation is essential in every evaluation situation to ably decide on approach and methodology. In this paper we present a case study focusing on evaluation of a mobile service for marketing purpose called M-Club. The project involved companies from different lines of business and with different nationalities. This diversity shed light on the complex process of defining a common evaluation focus. To understand the perspectives of the different stakeholders, interviews were conducted. The interviews explored the stakeholders' purposes, evaluation needs and expectations. In the analysis of the interviews Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) was used. One underpinning idea in SSM is the identification and awareness of different perspectives. The result of the analysis made it clear that different purposes, needs, expectations and objectives were represented among the stakeholders in the project and these could explicitly be illustrated using SSM techniques. However, differing perspectives, motives and needs led to another problem, namely, how to reach accommodation on the evaluation focus. We found that this problem is not described nor elaborated further in the evaluation literature. In SSM literature the problem is addressed by discourse but not explored in depth. This paper illustrates how a focus on needs contributed to the process of reaching accommodation and a common evaluation purpose among stakeholders. The findings showed that a need finding approach contributed to the process of designing the evaluation. By getting a common understanding of different purposes, needs, expectations and objectives relevant to the situation, the accommodation discussion became more focused. A focus on needs broadened the scope of the evaluation since needs are what lies behind problems and solutions.
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| 89. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna
(författare)
-
PredicTool : evaluation of a mobile marketing service from a user perspective
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus of this test was a mobile marketing service that presented personalized offers to the customer. The service had three different channels for communication with the customer, a webpage, a kiosk in the store and SMS through their mobile phones. The campaigns in the kiosk and at the webpage were pull-campaigns meaning that the customers could look and download pre-definied coupons to their mobile phones. During the test period 10-15 offers has been available every week in the kiosk and at the webpage. The campaigns over SMS were push-campaigns where the customer got offers related to their personal profile without having to do anything. The offers over SMS have been sent, at the most, once a week to each customer. 298 persons chose to be members in the mobile loyalty club during the test- period. After the test period, the test-pilots opinions have been collected through web-surveys and focus-group interviews. The evaluation showed that the overall opinion about the service and the communication channels it contains were that it was easy to use. The users were also positive to the opportunity to get offers via their mobile-phone, the kiosk and the Internet. The results also revealed important things to consider when using mobile marketing as well as ideas for future development of the service.
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| 90. |
- Ståhlbröst, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Project: IoT Lab - Researching crowdsourcing to extend IoT testbed infrastructure for multidisciplinary experiments, with more end-user interactions, flexibility, scalability, cost efficiency and societal added value
- 2015
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- From DOW: "IoT Lab is a research project exploring the potential of crowdsourcing to extend IoT testbed infrastructure for multidisciplinary experiments with more end-user interactions. It will research and develop:1. Crowdsourcing mechanisms and tools enabling testbeds to use third parties resources (such as mobile phones), and to interact with distributed users (the crowd). The crowdsourcing enablers will address issues suchas privacy by design, identity management, security, reputation mechanisms, and data ownership.2. Virtualization of crowdsourcing and testbed components by using a meta-layer with an open interface, facilitating the integration and interaction with heterogeneous components. It should ease data integration and reduce the cost of deployment in real environment.3. Ubiquitous Interconnection and Cloudification of the testbeds resources. It will research the potential of IPv6 and network virtualization to interconnect heterogeneous and distributed resources through a Virtual IoT Networkand will integrate them into the Cloud to provide an on-line platform of crowdsourcing Testbed as a Service (TBaaS) available to the research community.4. End-user and societal value creation by analyzing the potential end-users and crowdsourcing participants to propose an optimized model for end-user adoption and societal value creation.5. “Crowdsourcing-driven research” as a new model in which the research can be initiated, guided and assessed by the crowd. It will compare it to other models.6. Economic dimension of crowdsourcing testbed, by analyzing the potential markets and business models able to monetize the provided resources with adequate incentives, in order to optimize the exploitation, costs, profitability and economic sustainability of such testbeds. It will also develop tools for future experiments.7. Performing multidisciplinary experiments, including end-user driven experiments through crowdsourcing, to assess the added value of such approach."
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