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| 62. |
- Loeb, S., et al.
(författare)
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Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Risk of Favorable and Aggressive Prostate Cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - : American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 35:13, s. 1430-1436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The association between exposure to testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and prostate cancer risk is controversial. The objective was to examine this association through nationwide, population-based registry data. We performed a nested case-control study in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden, which includes all 38,570 prostate cancer cases diagnosed from 2009 to 2012, and 192,838 age-matched men free of prostate cancer. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations between TRT and risk of prostate cancer (overall, favorable, and aggressive). Two hundred eighty-four patients with prostate cancer (1%) and 1,378 control cases (1%) filled prescriptions for TRT. In multivariable analysis, no association was found between TRT and overall prostate cancer risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.17). However, patients who received TRT hadmore favorable-risk prostate cancer (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.56) and a lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.67). The increase in favorable-risk prostate cancer was already observed within the first year of TRT (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.34), whereas the lower risk of aggressive disease was observed after > 1 year of TRT (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.61). After adjusting for previous biopsy findings as an indicator of diagnostic activity, TRT remained significantly associated with more favorable-risk prostate cancer and lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer. The early increase in favorable-risk prostate cancer among patients who received TRT suggests a detection bias, whereas the decrease in risk of aggressive prostate cancer is a novel finding that warrants further investigation. (C) 2017 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
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| 65. |
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| 66. |
- Pukkala, Eero, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic biological specimen banks as basis for studies of cancer causes and control - more than 2 million sample donors, 25 million person years and 100 000 prospective cancers
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 46:3, s. 286-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic countries have a long tradition of large-scale biobanking and comprehensive, population-based health data registries linkable on unique personal identifiers, enabling follow-up studies spanning many decades. Joint Nordic biobank-based studies provide unique opportunities for longitudinal molecular epidemiological research. The purpose of the present paper is to describe the possibilities for such joint studies, by describing some of the major Nordic biobank cohorts with a standardised calculation of the cancer incidence in these cohorts. Altogether two million donors have since 1966 donated more than four million biological samples, stored at -20 degrees C to -135 degrees C, to 17 biobank cohorts in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. As a result of joint database handling principles, the accuracy of personal identifiers and completeness of follow-up for vital status in all participating biobanks was improved. Thereafter, the cancer incidence was determined using follow-up through the national cancer registries. Biobanks based on random samples of population typically showed slightly lower cancer incidence rates than the general population, presumably due to better participation rates among health-conscious subjects. On the other hand, biobanks including samples for viral screening or clinical testing showed 1.5 to 2.1 fold increased incidence of cancer. This excess was very high immediately after sampling, but for some cancer sites remained elevated for years after clinical sampling. So far, more than 100 000 malignant neoplasms have occurred after sample donation, and the annual increase of the cancer cases in these cohorts is about 10 000. The estimates on the population-representativity of the biobanks will assist in interpretation of generalizability of results of future studies based on these samples, and the systematic tabulations of numbers of cancer cases will serve in study power estimations. The present paper summarizes optimal study designs of biobank-based studies of cancer.
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| 67. |
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| 68. |
- Rohrmann, S., et al.
(författare)
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Smoking and the risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 108:3, s. 708-714
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Smoking is not associated with prostate cancer incidence in most studies, but associations between smoking and fatal prostate cancer have been reported. Methods: During 1992 and 2000, lifestyle information was assessed via questionnaires and personal interview in a cohort of 145112 European men. Until 2009, 4623 incident cases of prostate cancer were identified, including 1517 cases of low-grade, 396 cases of high grade, 1516 cases of localised, 808 cases of advanced disease, and 432 fatal cases. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of smoking status, smoking intensity, and smoking duration with the risk of incident and fatal prostate cancer. Results: Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83-0.97), which was statistically significant for localised and low-grade disease, but not for advanced or high-grade disease. In contrast, heavy smokers (25+ cigarettes per day) and men who had smoked for a long time (40+ years) had a higher risk of prostate cancer death (RR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.11-2.93; RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01-1.87, respectively). Conclusion: The observation of an increased prostate cancer mortality among heavy smokers confirms the results of previous prospective studies.
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| 69. |
- Shiryaeva, Liudmila, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis to reveal proteins in plasma associated with high risk prostate cancer
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prostate cancer is a common but highly variable disease. Conventional methods for prognostication are limited and needed to be complemented by novel biomarkers which could identify clinically significant tumors at a curable timepoint. With the aim to find biomarkers in plasma for high risk prostate cancer, we combined the ProteoMiner technology for protein fractionation with 2-dimentional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Plasma samples from patients with high risk tumors, defined to have bone metastases (M1, N=7) or locally advanced or poorly differentiated prostate cancer (M0, N=14), or benign disease (N=15) were analyzed. As a result of combined univariate and multivariate analyses (orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis, OPLS-DA), 338 protein spots were found to be significantly associated with high risk prostate cancer. Ninety-eight (98) of the spots were successfully identified by LC-MS/MS, and OPLS-DA of those resulted in a reliable method for class separation; M1 vs. M0 vs. B (R2Xcum: 31.1%, R2Y cum: 59.9%, Q2cum: 41.4%, P < 0.0001). The panel of identified potential protein markers for high risk prostate cancer included highly to intermediately abundant plasma proteins involved in key processes such as lipid transport, coagulation, inflammation, and immune responses. Their putative roles for prostate cancer progression are discussed.
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