| 51. |
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| 52. |
- Sultan, M. T., et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced Photoconductivity of SIGE-Trilayer Stack by Retrenching Annealing Conditions
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 International Semiconductor Conference (CAS). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781538644829 ; , s. 61-64
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the effect of short term furnace annealing over the photoconductive properties of tristacked layer i.e. TiO2/(SiGe/TiO2)3. The structure was prepared by depositing alternate layers of TiO2 and SiGe films, using direct-current magnetron sputtering technique. A transmission electron microscopy and grazing incidence spectroscopy was used to analyze the morphology of the structure. Photoconductive properties were studied by measuring photocurrent spectra at different applied voltages and temperatures. Tristack layers were obtained with 5-10 nm SiGe nanocrystals (NCs) by annealing at 600 °C for 5 min. No sign of SiO2 formation was found inside stacked layers. A maximum in the photocurrent spectra was observed at 994 nm at 300 K but it red-shifted gradually to 1045 nm with decrease in temperature to 100 K. This transition in peak maxima is attributed to SiGe NCs, due to lattice vibration and to contribution of non-radiative recombination at low temperatures.
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| 53. |
- Tarek, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology, Genetic Characterization, and Pathogenesis of Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Circulating in Northern and Southern Parts of Egypt, 2017-2019
- 2021
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Ingår i: Animals. - : MDPI. - 2076-2615. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary During 2020-2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of subtype H5N8 were spreading rapidly, and two genetically distinct lineages were detected in Europe, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. HPAI H5N8 viruses have been circulating in Egyptian poultry flocks since 2016. In this study, 74 commercial chicken farms tested positive for HPAI H5N8 virus. Genetic characterization of the hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA) of Egyptian HPAI H5N8 viruses showed a relationship with those recently isolated in Europe. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of subtype H5N8 continue to circulate, causing huge economic losses and serious impact on poultry production worldwide. Recently, HPAIV H5N8 has been spreading rapidly, and a large number of HPAI H5N8 outbreaks have been reported in Eurasia 2020-2021. In this study, we conducted an epidemiological survey of HPAI H5N8 virus at different geographical locations in Egypt from 2017 to 2019. This was followed by genetic and pathogenic studies. Our findings highlight the wide spread of HPAI H5N8 viruses in Egypt, including in 22 governorates. The genetic analyses of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene segments emphasized a phylogenetic relatedness between the Egyptian HPAI H5N8 viruses and viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b recently isolated in Europe. These findings suggest that a potential back transmission of Egyptian HPAI H5N8 virus has occurred from domestic poultry in Egypt to migratory wild birds, followed by further spread to different countries. This highlights the importance of continuous epidemiological and genetic studies of AIVs at the domestic-wild bird interface.
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| 54. |
- Zayed, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Structural Diversity, LC-MS-MS Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Brevibacillus laterosporus Extract
- 2022
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-1989. ; 12:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lake Mariout is Egypt’s degraded coastal marine habitat that encompasses a variety of wastes. The biodiversity and hard environmental conditions allow the co-existence of organisms with high resistance and rich metabolism, making them potential candidates for screening and isolating novel microbial strains. A bacterial isolate (BF202) cultured from the marine sediments of Alexandria’s Mariout Lake (Egypt) was tested for its antimicrobial and anticancer potential. The phylogenetic analysis of the isolated strain’s 16S rDNA and gyrB revealed that BF202 belongs to Brevibacillus laterosporus (B. laterosporus). Antibiosis of B. laterosporus was confirmed against microbial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The highest antibacterial activity was detected on glucose peptone medium after 18 h of incubation at 35 °C, and at pH of 7.0 in the presence of mannose and ammonium carbonate as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the methanolic extract against breast cancer (MCF-7) and normal Vero cell lines, using the MTT test, revealed IC50 values of 7.93 and 23.79 µg/mL, respectively. To identify apoptotic and necrotic cells, a flow cytometric analysis using annexin V-FITC/PI dual-labeling was utilized and recorded a higher number of necrotic cells compared to apoptotic ones. Similarly, the cell cycle S-phase arrest was reported. The LC-MS-MS investigation of B. laterosporus extract and the molecular networking database analysis demonstrated five strategic diketopiperazine compounds with antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Taken together, this research shows that the crude extract of B. laterosporus might be an effective agent against drug-resistant bacteria and malignant disorders due to its richness in diketopiperazines.
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| 55. |
- Al-Wathinani, Ahmed M, et al.
(författare)
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A Cross-Sectional Study on the Flood Emergency Preparedness among Healthcare Providers in Saudi Arabia.
- 2021
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 18:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study used a descriptive cross-sectional methodology to measure healthcare workers' knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and willingness to respond to a flood scenario in Saudi Arabia. A validated survey was distributed to collect data using a convenience sampling technique through multiple social media platforms. A total of 227 participants were included in this study: 52% of them were aged between 26 to 34 years, 74% were residents from Riyadh, and 52.4% worked in nursing divisions. A significant number of respondents (73.2%) had positive perceptions towards their hospitals' ability to provide an effective response to a flood, 89% were willing to report to work following a flood, and 90% of participants reported the need to develop both guidelines and training for flood disaster preparedness. Preparation and successful flood mitigation in the hospital setting requires staff that have both knowledge and training in emergency management. One way to obtain such readiness is through competency-based training, including both table-top and full-scale live exercises. Although the willingness to respond to such a flooding emergency was high among staff, the development of guidelines and educational programs is needed in order to develop the competencies and skills sets to improve disaster preparedness response and preparedness efforts.
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
- Ban, L., et al.
(författare)
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Limited risks of major congenital anomalies in children of mothers with coeliac disease : a population-based cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 122:13, s. 1833-1841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine major congenital anomaly (CA) risks in children of mothers with coeliac disease (CD) compared with mothers without CD.Design: Population-based cohort study.Setting: Linked maternal-child medical records from a large primary care database from the UK.Population: A total of 562332 live singletons of mothers with and without CD in 1990-2013.Methods: We calculated the absolute major CA risks in children whose mothers had CD, and whether this was diagnosed or undiagnosed before childbirth. Logistic regression with a generalised estimating equation was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for CAs associated with CD.Main outcome measures: Fourteen system-specific major CA groups classified according to the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies and neural tube defects (NTDs).Results: Major CA risk in 1880 children of mothers with CD was 293 per 10000 liveborn singletons, similar to the risk in those without CD (282; aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.74-1.30). The risk was slightly higher in 971 children, whose mothers were undiagnosed (350; aOR 1.14, 95% CI 0.79-1.64), than in 909 children whose mothers were diagnosed (231; aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.52-1.24). There was a three-fold increase in nervous system anomalies in the children of mothers with undiagnosed CD (aOR 2.98, 95%CI 1.06-8.33, based on five exposed cases and one had an NTD), and these women were all diagnosed with CD at least 4years after their children were born.Conclusions: There was no statistically significant increase in risk of major CAs in children of mothers with coeliac disease overall, compared with the general population.
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| 58. |
- Ban, L, et al.
(författare)
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The incidence of first stroke in and around pregnancy: A population-based cohort study from Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: European stroke journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 2396-9881 .- 2396-9873. ; 2:3, s. 250-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research has suggested that delivery is associated with an increased risk of stroke in women; however, there is a lack of contemporary estimates on the incidence of stroke in and after pregnancy compared with the baseline risk in women of childbearing age in Sweden. Patients and methods All women aged 15–49 years with live births/stillbirths in 1992–2011 were identified from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry linked with the National Patient Registry. First stroke during the study period was identified. Incidence rates per 100,000 person-years and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated for antepartum, peripartum and early and late postpartum periods, compared with all other available follow-up time (time before pregnancy and after postpartum) using Poisson regression adjusted for maternal age, education attainment and calendar time. Results Of 1,124,541 women, 3094 had a first incident stroke (331 occurred during pregnancy or first 12 weeks postpartum), about half having ischaemic stroke. The incidence was 15.0 per 100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval 14.5–15.6) in non-pregnant time. The incidence was lower antepartum (7.3/100,000 person-years, 6.0–8.9; adjusted IRR = 0.7, 0.5–0.8) but higher peripartum (314.4/100,000 person-years, 247.5–399.5; adjusted IRR = 27.3, 21.4–34.9) and early postpartum (64.0/100,000 person-years, 54.1–75.7; adjusted IRR = 5.5, 4.6–6.6). The increased risk in peripartum was more evident for intracerebral haemorrhage than other types of stroke. Conclusion Overall risk of stroke was low in women of childbearing age, but stroke risk peaks in the peripartum and early postpartum periods. Future work should address factors that contribute to this increased risk in order to develop approaches to attenuate risk.
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| 59. |
- Bargathulla, Ibrahim, et al.
(författare)
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Pegylated bis-indolyl polyurethane dendrimer : Empty drug carrier with prominent anticancer activity
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Polymer Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-3057. ; 153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blocked isocyanate-terminated, bioactive bis-indole based polyurethane dendrimers of generation G0 – G3 were subjected to urethane interchange reaction with poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether; the reactions yielded corresponding PEGylated dendrimers. The structures of the PEGylated dendrimers were confirmed using spectroscopic and SEC-MALS techniques. The PDI of the polymers were found between 1.24 and 1.49 and these values were on par with 1.46 of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether used. All the PEGylated dendrimers were found to have a prominent cytotoxicity in human breast (MDA MB-231) and lung (A549) cancer cells. Based on the MTT, AO/EtBr staining and ROS assay results, PEGylated G2 and G3 dendrimers were further subjected to determination of apoptosis using protein markers; the pro-apoptotic markers BaX and caspase-3 were found up regulated and the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was down regulated. The results confirmed that the PEGylated bis-indolyl G3 polyurethane dendrimer – an empty drug carrier – itself had strong tendency to activate apoptosis type cell death in human cancer cells.
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| 60. |
- Bauer, Margit, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of the in vivo biomechanical properties of the human uterine cervix in pregnancy using the aspiration test A feasibility study
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115 .- 1872-7654. ; 144, s. S77-S81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To date no diagnostic tool is yet available to objectively assess the in vivo biomechanical properties of the uterine cervix during gestation. Methods: We show the first clinical application of an aspiration device to assess the in vivo biomechanical properties of the cervix in pregnancy with the aim to describe the physiological biomechanical changes throughout gestation in order to eventually detect pregnant women at risk for cervical insufficiency (CI). Results: Out of 15 aspiration measurements, 12 produced valid results. The stiffness values were in the range between 0.013 and 0.068 bar/mm. The results showed a good reproducibility of the aspiration test. In our previous test series on non-pregnant cervices our repetitive measurements showed a standard deviation of > 20% compared to <+/- 10% to our data on pregnant cervices. Stiffness values are decreasing with gestational age which indicates a progressive softening of cervical tissue towards the end of pregnancy. Three pregnant women had two subsequent measurements within a time interval of four weeks. Decreasing stiffness values in the range of 20% were recorded. Discussion: This preliminary study on the clinical practicability of aspiration tests showed promising results in terms of reproducibility (reliability) and clinical use (feasibility). Ongoing studies will provide further insights on its usefulness in clinical practice and in the detection of substantial changes of the cervix in pregnancy indicative for threatened preterm birth or cervical insufficiency.
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