| 11. |
- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of a 1-year lifestyle intervention on physical activity in overweight and obese children
- 2011
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 13:3, s. 87-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the effect of a family-based multifactor intervention programme on physical activity among overweight or obese children. Children (n = 105, mean age 10.6 ± 1.07 years) with overweight or obesity were randomized into an intervention or control group. The intervention group participated in a 1-year programme aiming at lifestyle changes regarding food habits and physical activity. All children's physical activity was measured using SenseWear Armband at baseline and after 1 year. The children in both groups had a physical activity level (PAL) of 1.67 (0.27) at baseline. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in physical activity outcome variables after 1 year of intervention. Contrarily to the hypotheses, both groups decreased their energy expenditure and time spent at >3 MET, and there was no change in steps and screen time after 1 year. Despite extensive efforts, the intervention showed no significant positive effect on overweight and obese children's PAL. Further studies are needed to obtain more knowledge on how to maintain or increase the PAL successfully among overweight and obese children.Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.566353
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| 12. |
- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on physical activity of a 2-year lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese children
- 2011
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 13:3, s. 97-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to examine the effect on physical activity of a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention among overweight and obese Swedish children 8–12 years of age; 105 children were randomized to either intervention or control group. The intervention group was offered a 2-year lifestyle programme. Physical activity was measured using SenseWear Pro2 Armband during 4 consecutive days before and after the intervention. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in the physical activity outcome variables after 2 years of intervention. However, the intervention group decreased their number of steps per day by 13%, p = 0.003 but had an unchanged screen time, whereas the control group had an unchanged number of steps but increased their screen time by 15%, p = 0.02, from baseline to 2-year measurement. There were no significant change in the intervention group, whereas significantly fewer children in the control group achieved the physical activity recommendations at 2-year measurement (88%) compared with at baseline (98%), p = 0.007. Future interventions regarding physical activity among overweight and obese children are of great importance even though the present one showed limited effects. In the continuing work, a greater effect may be received with an extended and more intense intervention regarding physical activity, focusing on reducing sedentary time rather than increasing the physical activity level.Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.562540
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Problems in enhancing physical activity among overweight and obese children
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Physical inactivity is regarded as one of the main factors that have contributed to the rapid increase in prevalence of childhood obesity in recent decades. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether participation in a family-based multifactor intervention program could increase physical activity among overweight and obese children.Methods: 105 children, mean age 10.5 years (SD±1.09), with overweight and obesity living in northern Sweden were recruited and randomized into an intervention or control group. The intervention group was invited to participate in a program aiming at improving lifestyle regarding food habits and physical activity. The children’s physical activity was measured during 4 days at baseline and after 1 year with SenseWear Armband.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups neither at either baseline or 1 year, regarding energy expenditure, steps/day, time being sedentary (< 3 MET), and time being active at different MET-levels. For all children, time being active ≥ 3 MET significantly decreased with 44.5 (111) min/d from baseline to 1-year. Despite the decrease in physical activity, the children were physically active ≥ 3 MET during 4.1 (1.6) h/d at 1-year.Conclusion: Physical activity decreased with increased age among overweight and obese children, despite extensive effort of intervention. To make future interventions worthwhile it is important to consider the participant’s physical activity level before entering the study, when planning and setting up the intervention program; to comprise the participant’s individual goals regarding physical activity; and to focus specifically on decreasing time being sedentary.
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| 15. |
- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-
(författare)
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Promoting physical activity among overweight and obese children : Effects of a family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity and metabolic markers
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Overweight and obesity in childhood is associated with physical, psychological and social consequences. Physical inactivity is regarded as one of the main factors that have contributed to the increase in childhood obesity through out the world. Overweight and obesity as well as physical activity level are shown to track from childhood to adolescence and adulthood, thereby influencing not only the current health status but also long-term health. The general purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity and metabolic health among children with overweight and obesity. Methods Children with overweight or obesity living in northern Sweden were recruited to the study. In total 105 children, mean age 10.5 years (SD±1.09), were randomized into either an intervention or a control group. The intervention group was offered as a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention; the 1st year consisted of 14 group sessions and during the 2nd year the intervention was web-based. The control group did not participate in any intervention sessions, but performed all measurements. Physical activity was measured in all children using SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) during 4 consecutive days before, in the middle and after the intervention, data regarding anthropometrics and blood values were collected in the same periods. Twenty-two of the children wore SWA during 14 days before the intervention in order to validate energy expenditure (EE) estimated by SWA against EE measured with double labelled water. Results The SWA, together with software version 5.1, proved to be a valid device to accurately estimate EE at group level of overweight and obese children. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups neither before nor after the intervention regarding physical activity and screen-time. All children significantly decreased their time being active ≥3 METs during the study period. After the study period, significantly fewer in the control group achieved the national physical activity recommendation, and they had significantly increased their screen-time. However, these changes were not seen within the intervention group. The intervention group had a significantly lower apolipoprotein B/A1 compared to the control group at 1-year measurement; no other significant differences were found regarding metabolic markers. No statistical difference was found between the groups regarding body mass index after the 2-year study period. Conclusion Even though a comprehensive program, the 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention had limited effects on physical activity and metabolic health in overweight and obese children. SWA is a device that can be used in future studies to measure energy expenditure among free-living overweight or obese children.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Validity of an armband measuring energy expenditure in overweight and obese children
- 2010
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Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - : The American College of Sports Medicine. - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 42:6, s. 1154-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To examine the ability of the SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) to accurately assess energy expenditure in free-living overweight or obese children during a two-week period, by comparison with energy expenditure measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. A second aim was to examine which software version, Innerview Professional 5.1 or Sensewear Professional 6.0, are the most appropriate for use together with SWA in overweight and obese children. Method: A random sample of 22 healthy, overweight or obese children (11 girls and 11 boys) aged 8-11 years was recruited from an ongoing intervention study. Energy expenditure in free-living conditions was simultaneously assessed with the SWA and DLW methods during a 14-day period. All data from the SWA were analyzed using InnerView Professional software versions 5.1 (SWA 5.1) and 6.1 (SWA 6.1). Results: An accurate estimation in energy expenditure was obtained when SWA 5.1 was used, showing a non-statistically significant difference corresponding to 17 (1200) kJ[middle dot]d-1 compared with the energy expenditure measured using the DLW method. However, when SWA 6.1 was used a statistically significant (18%) underestimation of energy expenditure was obtained, corresponding to 1962 (1034) kJ[middle dot]d-1 compared with the DLW method. Conclusion: The SWA together with software version 5.1, but not 6.1, is a valid method for accurately measuring energy expenditure at group level of free-living overweight and obese children.
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| 18. |
- Bäcklund, Catharina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Validity of measured energy expenditure in overweight and obese children when using Inner View Professional software v5.1 and 6.1 together with SenseWear Pro2 Armband
- 2009
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Ingår i: 7th International Conference on Diet and Activity Methods.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate the validity of SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) when assessing energy expenditure of overweight and obese children. A random selection of 22 children with an isoBMI>25 were recruited from 8-11 year olds participating in an intervention study. Energy expenditure in free-living condition was assessed during 14 days by using SWA. The armband was worn 24h/d, and removed only for water activities. Total energy expenditure was measured with double labelled water (DLW) method during the same period covered by SWA. During the data collection, an updated version of the software used by SWA was released and data were analysed with both software version. The validity when using software version 5.1 (SWA5.1) and 6.1 (SWA6.1) was investigated by comparison with measured energy expenditure by DLW method. In total, 11 girls and 11 boys with mean age of 10.3±0.99 years and isoBMI 22.8±0.62 participated. The average wearing time of SWA was 12 days (range 7-14) and 23.3 h/day (range 18.8-24.0). There was no statistically significant difference in mean physical activity level (PAL) by SWA5.1 compared by DLW-method. A minor non-significant underestimation of energy expenditure 0.02±1.20 MJ/day (95%CI -0.55,0.52) measured by SWA5.1 compared with DLW-method was shown. However, the children's PAL according to SWA6.1 was 1.37 compared with 1.68 according to DLW method. When assessed by SWA6.1 there was a significant underestimation of energy expenditure by 1.96±1.03MJ/day (95%CI-2.42,-1.50) compared with DLW-method. The differences between SWA5.1 andSWA6.1 may be partly explained bya statistically significant difference in the amount of time the two software versions have registered time spent on different activity levels (MET<3, MET3-<6, MET6-<9, MET≥9). When comparing time spent on sedentary activities (MET<3) significantly less time was assessed by SWA5.1 compared with SWA6.1, 18±2.1 h/d and 20±2.4 h/d respectively. These differences became more apparent at higher METs. A significantly longer time spent on activities with MET≥9, was assessed by SWA5.1 compared with SWA6.1, 11±26 min/d and 2.5±5.3 min/d respectively. In conclusion, the SWA with software v 5.1, but not with software v 6.1, is a valid device to accurately measure energy expenditure at group level in overweight and obese children during free-living condition.
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| 19. |
- Enberg, Birgit, 1956-
(författare)
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Work experiences among healthcare professionals in the beginning of their professional careers : a gender perspective
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish healthcare organizations have undergone substantial organizational and economic restructuring during the 1990s due to financial cutbacks. Little is known about recently graduated healthcare professionals´ work experience in healthcare and their future career preferences. The overall aims of this thesis was, to increase knowledge about how recently graduated healthcare professionals in Sweden perceive their work in healthcare organizations. A gender perspective is adopted. In this national cross-sectional study, four stratified random samples were separately drawn from the 1999 Swedish university graduates who were nurses (NS), occupational therapists (OT), physical therapists (PT) and (registered) physicians (PN) and who at the time of the sampling procedure were living in Sweden. Stratification was performed by sex. A total of 3989 were eligible and of those, 1434 were selected: 535 NS, 250 OT, 250 PT and 399 PN. A questionnaire was constructed containing questions about socio-demographic factors, working conditions, career preferences, work satisfaction and questions about the responsibility for and actual work with home and family, the so called unpaid household work. The questionnaires also contained questions measuring psychosocial working conditions: the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (ERI-Q) and the demand-control questionnaire (DCQ). Collection of the data for NS, OT and PT was completed in March 2002 and for PN in May 2003. The response rate was 81% and 76% respectively. The total sample thus consists of 1145 participants; 423 nurses, 212 occupational therapists, 205 physiotherapists and 305 physicians. Most of the respondents were employed in the public sector, but many desired privately employment within the coming five year period, men more often than women. Career preferences for future work differed between women and men. A majority indicated that they did not have the opportunity to pursue knowledge development in the professional field during working hours and nearly one half could not work as independently as they wished. Satisfaction with work in general was high, but many were dissatisfied with management at work and a majority was dissatisfied with the work organization. This dissatisfaction was associated with the opportunity to work as independently as they wished and the opportunity to pursue knowledge development in the professional field. Significantly more women than men had the main responsibility for home and family and did most of the unpaid household work. Among the OT and PT working for county councils and municipalities, the results revealed that those working for municipalities, experienced low control at work compared with those working for county councils. No differences were found between OT and PT or between men and women in the two professions regarding the DCQ and the ERI-Q except for the WOC scale. Women had significantly higher scores on the WOC scale compared with men. Logistic regression analyses revealed a significant association between WOC and ERI, effort, reward and sex. One fourth of the OT and PT working for county councils and municipalities was dissatisfied with their job and this dissatisfaction was significantly associated with type of employer, reward and effort-reward imbalance (in the ERI-Q) and control (in the DCQ). Differences regarding scoring on the ERI-Q were found between nurses and physicians working in county councils but not between women and men in the same group, with the exception of the scores on overcommitment. Significantly more nurses were defined as having high effort, low reward and effort-reward imbalance compared with the physicians. More women in the NS and PN group were defined as experiencing WOC compared to men. Logistic regression analyses revealed significant associations between experiences of WOC and ERI, effort and reward. Nearly one fifth in the NS and PN group were dissatisfied with work and this dissatisfaction was particularly high among those with high effort, low reward, those with the greatest imbalance between effort and reward and those who experienced high overcommitment. In conclusion, in order to limit future work related problems and to be able to retain well educated professionals in healthcare work, dissatisfaction among the recently graduated must be taken seriously. Healthcare employers should better utilize the knowledge that recently graduated possess, regarding for example how to be a part of the development of the profession and the job. It is also important that healthcare employers address gender (in) equality at work and that work environments allow both women and men to combine careers with family duties.
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| 20. |
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