| 11. |
- Antonakoglou, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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On the needs and requirements arising from connected and automated driving
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks. - : MDPI AG. - 2224-2708. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Future 5G systems have set a goal to support mission-critical Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications and they contribute to an important step towards connected and automated driving. To achieve this goal, the communication technologies should be designed based on a solid understanding of the new V2X applications and the related requirements and challenges. In this regard, we provide a description of the main V2X application categories and their representative use cases selected based on an analysis of the future needs of cooperative and automated driving. We also present a methodology on how to derive the network related requirements from the automotive specific requirements. The methodology can be used to analyze the key requirements of both existing and future V2X use cases.
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| 12. |
- Back, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Mucosal blood flow in the remaining rectal stump is more affected by total than partial mesorectal excision in patients undergoing anterior resection : a key to understanding differing rates of anastomotic leakage?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Langenbeck's archives of surgery (Print). - : Springer. - 1435-2443 .- 1435-2451. ; 406:6, s. 1971-1977
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Anterior resection is the procedure of choice for tumours in the mid and upper rectum. Depending on tumour height, a total mesorectal excision (TME) or partial mesorectal excision (PME) can be performed. Low anastomoses in particular have a high risk of developing anastomotic leakage, which might be explained by blood perfusion compromise. A pilot study indicated a worse blood flow in TME patients in an open setting. The aim of this study was to further evaluate perianastomotic blood perfusion changes in relation to TME and PME in a predominantly laparoscopic context.METHOD: In this prospective cohort study, laser Doppler flowmetry was used to evaluate the perianastomotic colonic and rectal perfusion before and after surgery. The two surgical techniques were compared in terms of mean differences of perfusion units using a repeated measures ANOVA design, which also enabled interaction analyses between type of mesorectal excision and location of measurement. Anastomotic leakage until 90 days after surgery was reported for descriptive purposes.RESULTS: Some 28 patients were available for analysis: 17 TME and 11 PME patients. TME patients had a reduced blood perfusion postoperatively compared to PME patients in the aboral posterior area (mean difference: -57 vs 18 perfusion units; p = 0.010). An interaction between mesorectal excision type and anterior/posterior location was detected at the aboral level (p = 0.007). Two patients developed a minor leakage, diagnosed after discharge.CONCLUSION: Patients operated on using TME have a decreased blood flow in the aboral posterior quadrant of the rectum postoperatively compared to patients operated on using PME. This might explain differing rates of anastomotic leakage.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02401100.
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| 13. |
- Benecke, Jannik, et al.
(författare)
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Observation of three different linker conformers in a scandium ferrocenedicarboxylate coordination polymer
- 2020
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1466-8033 .- 1466-8033. ; 22:34, s. 5569-5572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electron and powder diffraction were combined to elucidate the structure of the new coordination polymer [Sc-2(FcDC)(3)] based on 1,1'-ferrocenedicarboxylate (FcDC(2-)), denoted as CAU-50. Remarkably, three different conformers of the very same linker molecule are observed, two of which serve as connectors for the scandium cations while one conformer acts as capping agent.
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| 14. |
- Benecke, Jannik, et al.
(författare)
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Polymorphous Indium Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on a Ferrocene Linker : Redox Activity, Porosity, and Structural Diversity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 59:14, s. 9969-9978
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The metallocene-based linker molecule 1,1'-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid (H(2)FcDC) was used to synthesize four different polymorphs of composition [In(OH)(FeC12H8O4)]. Using conventional solvent-based synthesis methods and varying the synthetic parameters such as metal source, reaction temperature, and solvent, two different MOFs and one ID-coordination polymer denoted as CAU-43 (1), In-MIL-53-FcDC_a (2), and InFcDC (3) were obtained. Furthermore, thermal treatment of CAU-43 (1) at 190 degrees C under vacuum yielded a new polymorph of 2, In-MIL-53-FcDC_b (4). Both MOFs 2 and 4 crystallize in a MIL-53 type structure, but in different space groups C2/m for 2 and P (1) over bar for 4. The structures of the four title compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), or a combination of three-dimensional electron diffraction measurements (3D ED) and PXRD. N-2 sorption experiments of 1, 2, and 4 showed specific surface areas of 355 m(2) g(-)(1), 110 m(2) g(-1), and 140 m(2) g(-)(1), respectively. Furthermore, the electronic properties of the title compounds were characterized via Mossbauer and EPR spectroscopy. All Mossbauer spectra showed the characteristic doublet, proving the persistence of the ferrocene moiety. In the cases of 1, 3, and 4, appreciable impurities of ferrocenium ions could be detected by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cyclovoltammetric experiments were performed to demonstrate the accessible redox activity of the linker molecule of the title compounds. A redox process of FcDC(2-) with oxidation (between 0.86 and 0.97 V) and reduction wave (between 0.69 and 0.80 V) was observed.
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| 15. |
- Bengtsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The living standards of the labouring classes in Sweden, 1750–1900: Evidence from rural probate inventories
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents new estimates of the living standards among the rural labouring classes in Sweden from 1750 to 1900. Starting with a database of more than 1,000 probate inventories of rural landless and semi-landless people from the benchmark years 1750, 1800, 1850 and 1900, we study the development for crofters in particular. We measure their assets and debts in great detail, mapping the development of material living standards over time. We show that the typically used real wage approach to living standards gives only a partial impression of the development of proletarian living standards. Above all, the decline of Swedish living standards from 1750 to 1800 is overestimated because of overreliance on grain prices for the CPI. We show the advantages of using probate inventories for studying living standards, since they give a composite estimate of households’ material conditions, no matter what combinations of wage-labour, subsistence work and by-employment are used. This has relevance not only for Sweden, but for studies of historical living standards in general.
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| 16. |
- Björling, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Legal Theory in Legal Education: A Reflection on Professional and Scholarly Ideals in Nordic Legal Education
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal on Law and Society. - : Umea University Library. - 2002-7788. ; 4:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article addresses the role of legal theory in legal education. Today, a multitude of perspectives is present within legal theory and, as a subject, it is not as distinct as it is sometimes claimed to be. It is evident when considering syllabuses in the Nordic countries that nearly all LLM programmes have ambitions to teach legal theory as embracing a multitude of theoretical and methodological perspectives. This multitude of perspectives promises adaptable content for the subject of legal theory in various legal contexts, and could facilitate a reflection on how knowledge is acquired and why. The challenge addressed in the article is the presence of explicit or implicit ideas from the subject of legal theory as comprising a coherent “legal method” and a specific list of accepted theories. The persistence of such ideas is scrutinised in this article with help of the concepts of “professional knowledge” and “scholarly knowledge”. In order to navigate the complex field of legal theories, students need meta-reflective skills, which means the ability to reflect upon the underlying complexity and multitude of the subject. This is shown by a case study from the Department of Law at the University of Gothenburg, together with examples from curricula and textbooks from legal theory courses across the Nordic countries.
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| 17. |
- Blow, Rachel, et al.
(författare)
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A molecular phylogeny of forktail damselflies (genus Ischnura) reveals a dynamic macroevolutionary history of female colour polymorphisms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1055-7903 .- 1095-9513. ; 160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colour polymorphisms are popular study systems among biologists interested in evolutionary dynamics, genomics, sexual selection and sexual conflict. In many damselfly groups, such as in the globally distributed genus Ischnura (forktails), sex-limited female colour polymorphisms occur in multiple species. Female-polymorphic species contain two or three female morphs, one of which phenotypically matches the male (androchrome or male mimic) and the other(s) which are phenotypically distinct from the male (heterochrome). These female colour polymorphisms are thought to be maintained by frequency-dependent sexual conflict, but their macroevolutionary histories are unknown, due to the lack of a robust molecular phylogeny. Here, we present the first time-calibrated phylogeny of Ischnura, using a multispecies coalescent approach (StarBEAST2) and incorporating both molecular and fossil data for 41 extant species (55% of the genus). We estimate the age of Ischnura to be between 13.8 and 23.4 millions of years, i.e. Miocene. We infer the ancestral state of this genus as female monomorphism with heterochrome females, with multiple gains and losses of female polymorphisms, evidence of trans-species female polymorphisms and a significant positive relationship between female polymorphism incidence and current geographic range size. Our study provides a robust phylogenetic framework for future research on the dynamic macroevolutionary history of this clade with its extraordinary diversity of sex-limited female polymorphisms.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Chauhan, Pallavi, et al.
(författare)
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Genome assembly, sex-biased gene expression and dosage compensation in the damselfly Ischnura elegans
- 2021
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Ingår i: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543. ; 113:4, s. 1828-1837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolution of sex chromosomes, and patterns of sex-biased gene expression and dosage compensation, are poorly known among early winged insects such as odonates. We assembled and annotated the genome of Ischnura elegans (blue-tailed damselfly), which, like other odonates, has a male-hemigametic sex-determining system (X0 males, XX females). By identifying X-linked genes in I. elegans and their orthologs in other insect genomes, we found homologies between the X chromosome in odonates and chromosomes of other orders, including the X chromosome in Coleoptera. Next, we showed balanced expression of X-linked genes between sexes in adult I. elegans, i.e. evidence of dosage compensation. Finally, among the genes in the sex-determining pathway only fruitless was found to be X-linked, while only doublesex showed sex-biased expression. This study reveals partly conserved sex chromosome synteny and independent evolution of dosage compensation among insect orders separated by several hundred million years of evolutionary history.
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