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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Svensson Erik) srt2:(2020-2021)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Svensson Erik) > (2020-2021)

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21.
  • Cui, Peng, et al. (författare)
  • An Expandable Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Characterized by Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 142:29, s. 12743-12750
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A molecular crystal of a 2-D hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) undergoes an unusual structural transformation after solvent removal from the crystal pores during activation. The conformationally flexible host molecule, ABTPA, adapts its molecular conformation during activation to initiate a framework expansion. The microcrystalline activated phase was characterized by three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED), which revealed that ABTPA uses out-of-plane anthracene units as adaptive structural anchors. These units change orientation to generate an expanded, lower density framework material in the activated structure. The porous HOF, ABTPA-2, has robust dynamic porosity (SA(BET) = 1 183 m(2) g(-1)) and exhibits negative area thermal expansion. We use crystal structure prediction (CSP) to understand the underlying energetics behind the structural transformation and discuss the challenges facing CSP for such flexible molecules.
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22.
  • Deng, Junchen, et al. (författare)
  • Wolbachia-driven selective sweep in a range expanding insect species
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: BMC Ecology and Evolution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2730-7182. ; 21:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Evolutionary processes can cause strong spatial genetic signatures, such as local loss of genetic diversity, or conflicting histories from mitochondrial versus nuclear markers. Investigating these genetic patterns is important, as they may reveal obscured processes and players. The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia is among the most widespread symbionts in insects. Wolbachia typically spreads within host species by conferring direct fitness benefits, and/or by manipulating its host reproduction to favour infected over uninfected females. Under sufficient selective advantage, the mitochondrial haplotype associated with the favoured maternally-inherited symbiotic strains will spread (i.e. hitchhike), resulting in low mitochondrial genetic variation across the host species range. Method: The common bluetail damselfly (Ischnura elegans: van der Linden, 1820) has recently emerged as a model organism for genetics and genomic signatures of range expansion during climate change. Although there is accumulating data on the consequences of such expansion on the genetics of I. elegans, no study has screened for Wolbachia in the damselfly genus Ischnura. Here, we present the biogeographic variation in Wolbachia prevalence and penetrance across Europe and Japan (including samples from 17 populations), and from close relatives in the Mediterranean area (i.e. I. genei: Rambur, 1842; and I. saharensis: Aguesse, 1958). Results: Our data reveal (a) multiple Wolbachia-strains, (b) potential transfer of the symbiont through hybridization, (c) higher infection rates at higher latitudes, and (d) reduced mitochondrial diversity in the north-west populations, indicative of hitchhiking associated with the selective sweep of the most common strain. We found low mitochondrial haplotype diversity in the Wolbachia-infected north-western European populations (Sweden, Scotland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France and Italy) of I. elegans, and, conversely, higher mitochondrial diversity in populations with low penetrance of Wolbachia (Ukraine, Greece, Montenegro and Cyprus). The timing of the selective sweep associated with infected lineages was estimated between 20,000 and 44,000 years before present, which is consistent with the end of the last glacial period about 20,000 years. Conclusions: Our findings provide an example of how endosymbiont infections can shape spatial variation in their host evolutionary genetics during postglacial expansion. These results also challenge population genetic studies that do not consider the prevalence of symbionts in many insects, which we show can impact geographic patterns of mitochondrial genetic diversity.
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23.
  • Dzhigaev, Dmitry, et al. (författare)
  • Strain mapping inside an individual processed vertical nanowire transistor using scanning X-ray nanodiffraction
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3372 .- 2040-3364. ; 12:27, s. 14487-14493
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Semiconductor nanowires in wrapped, gate-all-around transistor geometry are highly favorable for future electronics. The advanced nanodevice processing results in strain due to the deposited dielectric and metal layers surrounding the nanowires, significantly affecting their performance. Therefore, non-destructive nanoscale characterization of complete devices is of utmost importance due to the small feature sizes and three-dimensional buried structure. Direct strain mapping inside heterostructured GaSb-InAs nanowire tunnel field-effect transistor embedded in dielectric HfO2, W metal gate layers, and an organic spacer is performed using fast scanning X-ray nanodiffraction. The effect of 10 nm W gate on a single embedded nanowire with segment diameters down to 40 nm is retrieved. The tensile strain values reach 0.26% in the p-type GaSb segment of the transistor. Supported by the finite element method simulation, we establish a connection between the Ar pressure used during the W layer deposition and the nanowire strain state. Thus, we can benchmark our models for further improvements in device engineering. Our study indicates, how the significant increase in X-ray brightness at 4th generation synchrotron, makes high-throughput measurements on realistic nanoelectronic devices viable.
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24.
  • Elf, Anna-Karin, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of sstr2 expression in si-nets and relation to overall survival after prrt
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 13:9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • (1) Purpose: Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) often present with distant metastases at diagnosis. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled somatostatin analogues is a systemic treatment that increases overall survival (OS) in SI-NET patients with stage IV disease. However, the treatment response after PRRT, which targets somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), is variable and predictive factors have not been established. This exploratory study aims to evaluate if SSTR2 expression in SI-NETs could be used to predict OS after PRRT treatment. (2) Methods: Using a previously constructed Tissue Micro Array (TMA) we identified tissue samples from 42 patients that had received PRRT treatment during 2006–2017 at Sahlgrenska University hospital. Immunohistochemical expression of SSTR2, Ki-67 and neuroendocrine markers synaptophysin and Chromogranin A (CgA) were assessed. A retrospective estimation of177Lu-DOTATATE uptake in 33 patients was performed. Data regarding OS and non-surgical treatment after PRRT were collected. Another subgroup of 34 patients with paired samples from 3 tumor sites (primary tumor, lymph node and liver metastases) was identified in the TMA. The SSTR2 expression was assessed in corresponding tissue samples (n = 102). (3) Results: The patients were grouped into Low SSTR2 or High SSTR2 groups based upon on levels of SSTR2 expression. There was no significant difference in177Lu-DOTATATE uptake between the groups. The patients in the Low SSTR2 group had significantly longer OS after PRRT than the patients in the High SSTR2 group (p = 0.049). PRRT treated patients with low SSTR2 expression received less additional treatment compared with patients with high SSTR2 expression. SSTR2 expression did not vary between tumor sites but correlated within patients. (4) Conclusion: The results from the present study suggest that retrospective evaluation of SSTR2 expression in resected tumors cannot be used to predict OS after PRRT. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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25.
  • Fallgren, Mikael, et al. (författare)
  • Introduction
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Cellular V2X for Connected Automated Driving. - : Wiley. ; , s. 1-20
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This chapter presents a brief background and motivation for cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X), connected automated driving (CAD), and connected road user (CRU) services, including key technical terminology. Although sensor technologies have been and are used for ITS services, performance is severely degraded in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) situations and certain weather conditions. Hence, radio technologies are considered a crucial enabler for ITS, with a special focus on CAD. The chapter describes the ambitions of the telecommunication and automotive industries for a joint roadmap for CAD. It then goes into more detail about communication technologies for CAD and the standardization organizations. The chapter also provides an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book. The book describes the ecosystem around CAD, including business aspects and standardization as well as technical solutions enabling successful delivery of such systems from a communication perspective.
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26.
  • Frank, Sara, et al. (författare)
  • Exploring the influence of atomic level structure, porosity, and stability of bismuth(iii) coordination polymers on electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 9:46, s. 26298-26310
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bismuth-based coordination polymers (CPs) have recently attracted attention as catalyst precursors for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (eCO(2)RR). We present a comparative study by investigating six bismuth-based compounds in-depth to elucidate the correlation between their structures and their catalytic CO2-to-formate conversion. Thereby, we identify structural indicators of the pristine CPs resulting in optimized catalytic performance, paving the way for future design of CP derived catalysts. The structural properties of the six pristine materials vary in terms of porosity (from non-porous to 495 m(2) g(-1)), linker type (carboxylate- or phenolate-based), thermal- and chemical stability, and metal content. Herein, electrochemical studies are combined with comprehensive structural investigations using electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our study reveals that low chemical stability of the pristine CPs is crucial for the conversion of the precursors into active Bi2O2CO3 and of paramount importance for the eCO(2)RR activity, while the nature of the pristine material mostly influence the catalyst morphology and transport properties. Of the six investigated CPs, the best performing compounds selectively convert CO2 to formate with faradaic efficiencies in the range 80(3)-95(3)% and current densities of 5(1)-8(1) mA cm(-2) at -0.97 V-RHE.
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27.
  • Gagliani, Luca, 1991, et al. (författare)
  • The Influence of Humidity Content on Ferritic Stainless Steels Used in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell under Dual Atmosphere Conditions at 600 C
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: ECS Transactions. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1938-5862 .- 1938-6737. ; 103:1, s. 1809-1815
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), interconnects are simultaneously exposed to dual atmosphere conditions in a range of temperature between 600 and 900 C. The presence of dissolved hydrogen in the steel can cause accelerated corrosion on the side exposed to air compared to exposures in air only. Moreover, the interconnect is subject to different humidity levels on the fuel side depending on fuel utilization. It has been already observed that a protective layer of chromia (Cr2O3) at the fuel side can mitigate the dual effect at the airside acting as a barrier for hydrogen permeation into the material. In this work, AISI 441 and Crofer 22 APU samples were exposed to dual atmosphere at 600 C under controlled humidity levels at the fuel side (20% vs. dry). Analysis performed showed how the humidity content on the fuel side largely affects the breakaway corrosion of the samples at the airside.
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28.
  • Goebel, Claudia, 1988, et al. (författare)
  • Long-term (4 year) degradation behavior of coated stainless steel 441 used for solid oxide fuel cell interconnect applications
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753. ; 449
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The present work aims to investigate the long-term stability of Ce/Co coated AISI 441 used as an interconnect material in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Being a commercially available alloy the use of AISI 441 would greatly reduce the cost of SOFCs in comparison to tailor-made interconnect materials such as Crofer 22 APU. To analyze the long-term stability Ce/Co coated AISI 441 is exposed in air at 800 °C for up to 38 000 h. Mass gain values are recorded continuously. After 7 000, 23 000, and 35 000 h area specific resistance (ASR) measurements are performed, and cross-sections are prepared and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Cr-evaporation measurements are conducted on samples exposed for up to 38 000 h.
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29.
  • Goebel, Claudia, 1988, et al. (författare)
  • Self-healing properties of Ce/Co-coated stainless steel under simulated intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell conditions
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Surface and Coatings Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0257-8972. ; 428
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The interconnects used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are usually shaped into a corrugated form that creates gas channels. Coatings are applied onto an interconnect to increase its longevity by reducing Cr(VI) evaporation and oxide scale growth. To date many manufacturers first deform the interconnect and then apply the coating. However, the reverse (hereinafter termed pre-coating) would be more cost-effective, because large-scale roll-to-roll coating processes could then be used instead of batch coating processes. The drawback of this method is that cracks are introduced into the coating during deformation. The present work shows that the cracks heal after relatively short exposure times for the often-used Ce/Co coating (10 nm Ce and 640 nm Co) even at low operating temperatures (650 °C and 750 °C). The Cr evaporation rate of pre-coated deformed Ce/Co-coated AISI 441, even though slightly elevated in the beginning of the exposure, decreases and stabilizes to rates that are comparable to that of undeformed Ce/Co-coated AISI 441. SEM micrographs show that the cracks introduced during the shaping of the interconnect heal after roughly 70 h of exposure at 750 °C and 360 h of exposure at 650 °C.
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30.
  • Gómez-Llano, Miguel, et al. (författare)
  • Male-male competition causes parasite-mediated sexual selection for local adaptation
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: American Naturalist. - : University of Chicago Press. - 0003-0147 .- 1537-5323. ; 196:3, s. 344-354
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sexual selection has been suggested to accelerate local adaptation and promote evolutionary rescue through several ecological and geneticmechanisms. Condition-dependent sexual selection has mainly been studied in laboratory settings, while data from natural populations are lacking. One ecological factor that can cause condition-dependent sexual selection is parasitism. Here, we quantified ectoparasite load (Arrenurus water mites) in a natural population of the common bluetail damselfly (Ischnura elegans) over 15 years. We quantified the strength of sexual selection against parasite load in both sexes and experimentally investigated the mechanisms behind such selection. Then we investigated how parasite resistance and tolerance changed over time to understand how they might influence population density. Parasites reduced mating success in both sexes, and sexual selection was stronger in males than in females. Experiments show that male-male competition is a strong force causing precopulatory sexual selection against parasite load. Although parasite resistance and male parasite tolerance increased over time, suggestive of increasing local adaptation against parasites, no signal of evolutionary rescue could be found. We suggest that condition-dependent sexual selection facilitates local adaptation against parasites and discuss its effects in evolutionary rescue.
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