| 11. |
- Uhlmann, Eckart, et al.
(författare)
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Solutions for Sustainable Machining
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing science and engineering. - : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. - 1087-1357 .- 1528-8935. ; 139:5, s. 051009-1-051009-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The manufacturing industry contributes over 19% to the world’s greenhouse gas emissions (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2008, “Rep: Annual Energy Review 2008,” Report No. DOE/EIA-0384; Diaz et al., 2010, “Environmental Analysis of Milling Machine Tool Use in Various Manufacturing Environments,” 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology.) and 31% of the total energy consumed annually in the U.S. (Herzog, T., 2005, “World Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 2005,” World Resources Institute, Washington, DC 2 ; Diaz et al., 2010, “Environmental Analysis of Milling Machine Tool Use in Various Manufacturing Environments,” 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology.). There is therefore an increasing demand for sustainable solutions for the production technology industry. At the Technische Universitat (TU) Berlin, Germany, a collaborative research center (CRC) is focusing on new solutions for the sustainable machining of high performance alloys, with developments from machine tool frames to cutting tool technology being undertaken. An innovative machine tool concept with a modular frame, which allows a high level of flexibility, has been developed. Furthermore, add-on upgrading systems for older machine tools, which are particularly relevant for developing countries, have been developed. These systems allow the accuracy of outdated machine tools to be increased, thus making the machine tools comparable to modern systems. Finally the cutting process also requires solutions for dry machining, as the use of cooling lubricant is environmentally damaging and a significant cost contributor in machining processes. Two solutions are being developed at the TU Berlin: an internally cooled cutting tool and a heating concept for ceramic tools to allow dry machining of high temperature alloys, for example, for the aerospace industry.
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| 12. |
- Uhlmann, Eckart, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Solutions for Machine Tool
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sustainable Manufacturing. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319485133 - 9783319485140 ; , s. 47-69
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental, economic and social changes of any significant proportions cannot take place without a major shift in the manufacturing sector. In today’s manufacturing processes, economic efficiency is realised through high volumes with the use of specialised machine tools. Change in society, such as in the form of mobility and digitisation, requires a complete overhaul in terms of thinking in the manufacturing industry. Moreover, the manufacturing industry contributes over 19 % to the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. As a consequence of these issues, a demand for sustainable solutions in the production industry is increasing. In particular, the concept of “cost” in manufacturing processes and thus the “system boundaries” within the production of the future has to be changed. That is, a great number of aspects to the machine tool and production technology industries can be improved upon in order to achieve a more sustainable production environment. Within this chapter, the focus lies on microsystem technology enhanced modular machine tool frames, adaptive mechatronic components, as well as on internallycooled cutting tools. An innovative machine tool concept has been developed recently, featuring a modular machine tool frame using microsystem technology for communication within the frame, which allows for a high level of flexibility. Furthermore, add-on upgrading systems for outdated machine tools—which are particularly relevant for developing and emerging countries—are poised to gain in importance in the upcoming years. The system described here enables the accuracy of outdated machine tools to be increased, thus making these machine tools comparable to modern machine tool systems. Finally, the cutting process requires solutions for dry machining, as the use of cooling lubricants is environmentally damaging and a significant cost contributor in machining processes. One such solution is the use of internally cooled cutting tools.
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| 13. |
- Wain, Louise V., et al.
(författare)
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Novel Blood Pressure Locus and Gene Discovery Using Genome-Wide Association Study and Expression Data Sets From Blood and the Kidney
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 70:3, s. e4-e19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has a substantial genetic contribution. Genetic variation influencing blood pressure has the potential to identify new pharmacological targets for the treatment of hypertension. To discover additional novel blood pressure loci, we used 1000 Genomes Project-based imputation in 150 134 European ancestry individuals and sought significant evidence for independent replication in a further 228 245 individuals. We report 6 new signals of association in or near HSPB7, TNXB, LRP12, LOC283335, SEPT9, and AKT2, and provide new replication evidence for a further 2 signals in EBF2 and NFKBIA. Combining large whole-blood gene expression resources totaling 12 607 individuals, we investigated all novel and previously reported signals and identified 48 genes with evidence for involvement in blood pressure regulation that are significant in multiple resources. Three novel kidney-specific signals were also detected. These robustly implicated genes may provide new leads for therapeutic innovation.
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