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| 23. |
- Pagani, M, et al.
(author)
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Mapping pathological (99m)Tc-d,l-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime uptake in Alzheimer's disease and frontal lobe dementia with SPECT
- 2001
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In: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 12:3, s. 177-184
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Seventeen patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 7 patients with frontal lobe dementia (FLD) and 19 control subjects (NOR) were examined by <sup>99m</sup>Tc-<i>d,l</i>- hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (<sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO) SPECT. Images were standardised in the same 3D space and averaged within each group. After normalisation, the three sets of images were analysed in all cerebral lobes, hippocampus, thalamus and basal ganglia. In AD, the <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO uptake values were significantly reduced, as compared to NOR, in the parietal, temporal and insular lobes. In patients with FLD, the uptake was altered in all lobes with the exception of the parietal lobe. The uptake in the nucleus caudatus decreased significantly in both AD and FLD as compared to NOR. The uptake in the anterior cingulate cortex was significantly reduced in FLD. Subtraction images highlighted all significantly decreased areas. In conclusion, standardising SPECT in a common space and subtracting data from a control group improves the visual interpretation of images. In this study, the typical temporo-parietal and fronto-parietal <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMPAO uptake reductions were found in AD and FLD, respectively. The uptake in the nucleus caudatus was found to decrease significantly in AD and FLD and the one in the anterior cingulate cortex was reduced in FLD.
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| 27. |
- Sikk, K, et al.
(author)
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Clinical, neuroimaging and neurophysiological features in addicts with manganese-ephedrone exposure
- 2010
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 121:4, s. 237-243
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective - To identify biomarkers supporting the clinical diagnosis of manganism in patients several years after exposure to manganese (Mn). Methods - Neurophysiological examinations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography and fluorodeoxyglycose (FDG) positron emission tomography were performed in four former ephedrone addicts with extrapyramidal symptoms. Results - Peripheral nervous system was not affected. No patients had reduced uptake of (123)I Ioflupane in the striatum. MRI signal intensities were slightly changed in the basal ganglia. All patients showed a widespread, but not uniform, pathological pattern of FDG uptake with changes mainly located to the central part of the brain including the basal ganglia and the surrounding white matter. Conclusions - Presynaptic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway are intact in Mn-induced parkinsonism after prolonged abstinence from ephedrone. The diagnosis is principally based on clinical signs and the history of drug abuse.
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| 28. |
- Thurfjell, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Breast size and mammographic pattern in relation to breast cancer risk
- 1996
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In: European Journal of Cancer Prevention. - 0959-8278 .- 1473-5709. ; 5:1, s. 37-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relation of Wolfe's parenchymal patterns and radiographically-assessed breast size with breast cancer risk was evaluated in a population-based nested case-control study in Uppsala, Sweden. All women who attended a mammographic screening programme in Uppsala county starting in 1988 have been followed for the occurrence of breast cancer through 1993. The analysis was based on 295 cases and 589 age-matched controls, whose mammograms were blindly evaluated for parenchymal pattern and breast size. Women with P2 or DY pattern had a significantly elevated risk of breast cancer compared with women with N1 or P1 (OR = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.52-2.86). There was an inverse association of breast size with breast cancer risk, which disappeared after adjusting for parenchymal pattern, because breasts of smaller size tended to have high-risk parenchymal patterns. It is concluded that in Swedish women, and perhaps in Caucasian women in general, small breast size is associated with increasing breast risk through its association with high-risk parenchymal pattern. This is in contrast to the fact that Asian women, who in general have breasts of smaller size, have low prevalence of high-risk parenchymal pattern as well as low rates of breast cancer.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Thurfjell, L., et al.
(author)
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Automatic Detection of Hypoperfused Areas in SPECT Brain Scans
- 1998
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In: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; 45:4, s. 2149-2154
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Describes a method for automatic identification of areas with perfusion changes in SPECT brain images. An intersubject registration technique is used to stereotactically register images from a selected control group allowing for reference images to be created by averaging the subjects image data. An individual SPECT brain scan can be brought into registration with the reference image and comparison to the normal reference group can be made by subtracting the two volumes. Furthermore, since the variance in the reference group is known, a z-score image or an image coded in standard deviations, can be computed. The SPECT reference volume is defined in the same coordinate system as a brain atlas, and anatomical labeling of areas of interest is possible. The authors show results from the creation of an average image based on 11 individuals and from its comparison with pathological cases
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