| 61. |
- Robinson, D., et al.
(författare)
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Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and risk of dementia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Bju International. - : Wiley. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 124:1, s. 87-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To study whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the mainstay treatment for advanced and disseminated prostate cancer, is associated with risk of dementia. Methods Risk of dementia in men with prostate cancer primarily managed with ADT or watchful waiting (WW) in the Prostate Cancer Database Sweden, PCBaSe, was compared with that in prostate cancer-free men, matched on birth year and county of residency. We used Cox regression to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) for Alzheimer's and non-Alzheimer's dementia (vascular dementia, dementia secondary to other diseases or unspecified dementias) for different types and duration of ADT and oral antiandrogens (AAs) as well as for men managed with WW. Results A total of 25 967 men with prostate cancer and 121 018 prostate cancer-free men were followed for a median of 4 years. In both groups 6% of the men were diagnosed with dementia. In men with prostate cancer, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment ( HR 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.23) and orchiectomy (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.32-1.93) were associated with an increased risk of dementia, as compared to no treatment in prostate cancer-free men; however, this increase in risk was only observed for non-Alzheimer's dementia and occurred from year 1-4 after start of ADT. No increase in risk for any type of dementia was observed for men treated with AAs or for men on WW. Conclusion This population-based cohort study does not support previous observations of an increased risk of Alzheimer's dementia for men on ADT; however, there was a small increase in risk of non-Alzheimer's dementia.
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| 66. |
- Russell, B., et al.
(författare)
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Risk of bladder cancer death in patients younger than 50 with non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 56:1, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and objectives Bladder cancer is primarily a disease of older age and little is known about the differences between patients diagnosed with bladder cancer at a younger versus older age. Our objectives were to compare bladder cancer specific survival in patients aged Materials and methods The Swedish bladder cancer database provided data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics and treatments for this observational study. Cox proportional hazard regression models were adjusted for appropriate variables. All analyses were stratified by disease stage (non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Furthermore, we compared the frequency of lower urinary tract infections within 24 months prior to bladder cancer diagnosis by sex and age groups. Results The study included 15,452 newly-diagnosed BC patients (1997-2014); 1,207 (8%) patients were <50 whilst 14,245 (92%) were aged 50-70. Patients aged <50 at diagnosis were at a decreased risk of bladder cancer death (HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.68-0.99) compared to those aged 50-70. When stratified by non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancer, this association remained in non-muscle-invasive patients only (<50, HR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.28-0.64). The frequency of lower urinary tract infection diagnoses did not differ between younger and older patients in either men or women. Conclusions Patients diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer when aged <50 are at decreased risk of bladder cancer-specific death when compared to their older (50-70) counterparts. These observations raise relevant research questions about age-related differences in diagnostic procedures, clinical decision-making and, not least, potential differences in tumour biology.
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