| 21. |
- Morse, Douglas E., et al.
(författare)
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Prosthetic crowns and other clinical risk indicators of caries among old-old Swedish adults : Findings from the KEOHS Project. Kungsholmen Elders Oral Health Study
- 2002
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Ingår i: Gerodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0734-0664 .- 1741-2358. ; 19:2, s. 73-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The Kungsholmen Elders Oral Health Study (KEOHS) evaluated the oral health status of generally healthy, community-dwelling persons over the age of 80 living in Kungsholmen, Sweden. This paper explored possible clinical risk indicators of coronal and root caries among the KEOHS subjects.Design: In this cross-sectional study, dentate KEOHS subjects received a caries assessment using defined visual, tactile criteria.Setting: Examinations were carried out in two local clinics by standardized examiners.Subjects: One hundred twenty-nine dentate persons were examined.Main Outcome Measures: The examination identified decayed and filled surfaces, prosthetic crowns, and missing teeth.Results: More root than coronal surfaces had untreated decay, and secondary root caries contributed the greatest number of decayed surfaces. Ninety percent of the examined dentate subjects had at least one prosthetic crown. Root surfaces exposed to crown margins were more likely to have caries than root surfaces not so exposed, particularly among women. The presence of untreated coronal caries (yes/no) was positively associated with having untreated root caries and an intermediate number (14–20) of teeth, but inversely associated with having 4+ prosthetic crowns. Active root caries (yes/no) was positively associated with having untreated coronal caries, 14–20 teeth, and 4+ prosthetic crowns. Nearly 20% of ident2ified root lesions were present at or below the gingival margin, and most (88%) were secondary caries associated with crown margins (65%) or other restorations (23%).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that some dental characteristics, including the presence of prosthetic crowns, are risk indicators for the presence of untreated coronal and root caries.
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| 22. |
- Mykkanen, Kati, et al.
(författare)
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Different Clinical Phenotypes in Monozygotic CADASIL Twins With a Novel NOTCH3 Mutation
- 2009
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Ingår i: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 40:6, s. 2215-2218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose-CADASIL is a hereditary arteriopathy causing recurrent strokes and cognitive decline. Because monozygotic twins have identical genetic background, differences in their environment and lifestyle could reveal factors that may influence CADASIL patients' clinical course, which is highly variable even within the same family. Methods-We describe differences in clinical and imaging findings in a pair of monozygotic CADASIL twins. Results-Twin B experienced his first-ever stroke 14 years earlier than twin A, and his symptoms, signs, and imaging findings were more severe. Distinguishing factors were twin B's smoking as well as twin A's physical activity and earlier statin treatment. Causative NOTCH3 mutation was a novel c.752G>A -substitution (p.Cys251Tyr). Conclusions-The phenotypic differences in these monozygotic twins suggest influence of environmental and lifestyle factors on the clinical course of CADASIL. (Stroke. 2009; 40: 2215-2218.)
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Ni, Ruiqing, et al.
(författare)
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Amyloid tracers binding sites in autosomal dominant and sporadic Alzheimer's disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 13:4, s. 419-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Amyloid imaging has been integrated into diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD). How amyloid tracers binding differ for different tracer structures and amyloid-beta aggregates in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and sporadic AD is unclear. Methods: Binding properties of different amyloid tracers were examined in brain homogenates from six ADAD with APPswe, PS1 M146V, and PS1 E Delta 9 mutations, 13 sporadic AD, and 14 control cases. Results: H-3-PIB, H-3-florbetaben, H-3-AZD2184, and BTA-1 shared a high-and a varying low-affinity binding site in the frontal cortex of sporadic AD. AZD2184 detected another binding site (affinity 33 nM) in the frontal cortex of ADAD. The H-3-AZD2184 and H-3-PIB binding were significantly higher in the striatum of ADAD compared to sporadic AD and control. Polyphenol resveratrol showed strongest inhibition on H-3-AZD84 binding followed by H-3-florbetaben and minimal on H-3-PIB. Discussion: This study implies amyloid tracers of different structures detect different sites on amyloid-beta fibrils or conformations.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Oksanen, Minna, et al.
(författare)
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NF-E2-related factor 2 activation boosts antioxidant defenses and ameliorates inflammatory and amyloid properties in human Presenilin-1 mutated Alzheimer's disease astrocytes
- 2020
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Ingår i: GLIA. - : Wiley. - 0894-1491 .- 1098-1136. ; 68:3, s. 589-599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common dementia affecting a vast number of individuals and significantly impairing quality of life. Despite extensive research in animal models and numerous promising treatment trials, there is still no curative treatment for AD. Astrocytes, the most common cell type of the central nervous system, have been shown to play a role in the major AD pathologies, including accumulation of amyloid plaques, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Here, we show that inflammatory stimulation leads to metabolic activation of human astrocytes and reduces amyloid secretion. On the other hand, the activation of oxidative metabolism leads to increased reactive oxygen species production especially in AD astrocytes. While healthy astrocytes increase glutathione (GSH) release to protect the cells, Presenilin-1-mutated AD patient astrocytes do not. Thus, chronic inflammation is likely to induce oxidative damage in AD astrocytes. Activation of NRF2, the major regulator of cellular antioxidant defenses, encoded by the NFE2L2 gene, poses several beneficial effects on AD astrocytes. We report here that the activation of NRF2 pathway reduces amyloid secretion, normalizes cytokine release, and increases GSH secretion in AD astrocytes. NRF2 induction also activates the metabolism of astrocytes and increases the utilization of glycolysis. Taken together, targeting NRF2 in astrocytes could be a potent therapeutic strategy in AD.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Persson, Ninni, et al.
(författare)
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A principal component model of medical health : Implications for cognitive deficits and decline among adults in a population-based sample
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Psychology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1359-1053 .- 1461-7277. ; 18:10, s. 1268-1287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Longitudinal blood- and cognitive data from 879 adults were analyzed to extract a multidimensional health structure for prediction of cognitive change. Six health components were identified and replicated at two waves. Following, cognitive outcomes were regressed on the health components. Large proportions of cognitive age related variations were accounted for by baseline health in both cross-sectional and prospective analyses. Less variation was accounted for when health change and cognitive change were contrasted. Cardiovascular health was particularly important for prediction of cognitive change. Our study underlines causal relations between health and cognitive functions, and suggests that some effects are long term.
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| 30. |
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