| 51. |
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| 52. |
- Bergenfelz, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavian quality register for thyroid and parathyroid surgery: audit of surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism
- 2007
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Ingår i: Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-2443 .- 1435-2451. ; 392:4, s. 445-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIM: Scandinavian Quality Register for Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery is an on-line web-based database with the aim to improve the quality of thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Preliminary data from surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism are reported here. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen departments registered 806 operations, with 639 women (79.7%) and 167 men. The median age of the patients was 62 years. RESULTS: Approximately 95.4% of the patients had sporadic disease and first time operation was performed in 93.8% of the patients. Localization examinations were performed in 524 patients (65%); sestamibi scintigraphy in 413 patients, with a true positive adenoma localization in 64.4% and ultrasound in 293 patients with adenoma localization in 61.1%. Bilateral neck exploration was performed in 66.8%, unilateral exploration in 16.1%, and focused minimal invasive surgery in 17.1%. In 301 patients planned for limited parathyroid exploration, conversion to bilateral neck surgery occurred in 11%. The cure rate, based on short follow-up, was 91.9%. Postoperative hypocalcemia occurred in 11.4% of the patients, and was associated with reoperation, concomitant thyroid operation, and the weight of excised parathyroid tissue. CONCLUSION: Localization examinations are performed in 2/3 of the patients, but limited neck exploration was performed in only approximately 1/3 of the operations. The cure rate was lower and postoperative hypocalcemia was more frequent than expected.
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| 53. |
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| 54. |
- Bian, Caiyun, et al.
(författare)
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Finding the optimal location for public charging stations - A GIS-based MILP approach
- 2019
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Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1876-6102. ; , s. 6582-6588
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electric Vehicles (EVs) have achieved a significant development because of the continuous technology revolution and policy supports in recent years, which leads to a larger demand of charging stations. Strategies about how to find the optimal location for charging facilities are urgently needed in order to further assist the development of EVs. This paper focus on the return of investments on EV charging stations and proposes a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model based on Geographic Information System (GIS) to identify the optimal location of charging stations in cities. Traffic flow data and land-use classifications are used as important inputs, and six important constraints are included in the MILP model with the objective function of maximizing the total profits of new charging stations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then demonstrated by implementing a case study in Västerås, Sweden.
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| 55. |
- Birgisson, Helgi, et al.
(författare)
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Microsatellite instability and mutations in BRAF and KRAS are significant predictors of disseminated disease in colon cancer
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Molecular alterations are well studied in colon cancer, however there is still need for an improved understanding of their prognostic impact. This study aims to characterize colon cancer with regard to KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI), and average DNA copy number, in connection with tumour dissemination and recurrence in patients with colon cancer. Methods: Disease stage II-IV colon cancer patients (n = 121) were selected. KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutation status was assessed by pyrosequencing and MSI was determined by analysis of mononucleotide repeat markers. Genome-wide average DNA copy number and allelic imbalance was evaluated by SNP array analysis. Results: Patients with mutated KRAS were more likely to experience disease dissemination (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.28-6.04), whereas the opposite was observed for patients with BRAF mutation (OR 0.34; 95% 0.14-0.81) or MSI (OR 0.24; 95% 0.09-0.64). Also in the subset of patients with stage II-III disease, both MSI (OR 0.29; 95% 0.10-0.86) and BRAF mutation (OR 0.32; 95% 0.16-0.91) were related to lower risk of distant recurrence. However, average DNA copy number and PIK3CA mutations were not associated with disease dissemination. Conclusions: The present study revealed that tumour dissemination is less likely to occur in colon cancer patients with MSI and BRAF mutation, whereas the presence of a KRAS mutation increases the likelihood of disseminated disease.
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| 56. |
- Bjarnadóttir, Kristín J., et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index is associated with pulmonary gas and blood distribution mismatch in COVID-19 acute respiratory failure : A physiological study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Physiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-042X. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The effects of obesity on pulmonary gas and blood distribution in patients with acute respiratory failure remain unknown. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is a X-ray-based method used to study regional distribution of gas and blood within the lung. We hypothesized that 1) regional gas/blood mismatch can be quantified by DECT; 2) obesity influences the global and regional distribution of pulmonary gas and blood; 3) regardless of ventilation modality (invasive vs. non-invasive ventilation), patients’ body mass index (BMI) has an impact on pulmonary gas/blood mismatch.Methods: This single-centre prospective observational study enrolled 118 hypoxic COVID-19 patients (92 male) in need of respiratory support and intensive care who underwent DECT. The cohort was divided into three groups according to BMI: 1. BMI<25 kg/m2 (non-obese), 2. BMI = 25–40 kg/m2 (overweight to obese), and 3. BMI>40 kg/m2 (morbidly obese). Gravitational analysis of Hounsfield unit distribution of gas and blood was derived from DECT and used to calculate regional gas/blood mismatch. A sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the influence of the chosen ventilatory modality and BMI on gas/blood mismatch and adjust for other possible confounders (i.e., age and sex).Results: 1) Regional pulmonary distribution of gas and blood and their mismatch were quantified using DECT imaging. 2) The BMI>40 kg/m2 group had less hyperinflation in the non-dependent regions and more lung collapse in the dependent regions compared to the other BMI groups. In morbidly obese patients, gas and blood were more evenly distributed; therefore, the mismatch was lower than in other patients (30% vs. 36%, p < 0.05). 3) An increase in BMI of 5 kg/m2 was associated with a decrease in mismatch of 3.3% (CI: 3.67% to −2.93%, p < 0.05). Neither the ventilatory modality nor age and sex affected the gas/blood mismatch (p > 0.05).Conclusion: 1) In a hypoxic COVID-19 population needing intensive care, pulmonary gas/blood mismatch can be quantified at a global and regional level using DECT. 2) Obesity influences the global and regional distribution of gas and blood within the lung, and BMI>40 kg/m2 improves pulmonary gas/blood mismatch. 3) This is true regardless of the ventilatory mode and other possible confounders, i.e., age and sex.Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04316884, NCT04474249.
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| 57. |
- Bjerke, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Combination with Subcortical and Cortical Biomarkers in Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. - 1387-2877. ; 27:3, s. 665-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are intertwined by mixed dementia (MD) harboring varying degrees of AD pathology in combination with cerebrovascular disease. The aim was to assess whether there is a difference in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile, of selected proteins, between patients with VaD and MD with subcortical vascular disease (SVD), AD, and healthy controls that could contribute in the separation of the groups. The study included 30 controls, 26 SVD patients (9 VaD and 17 MD) and 30 AD patients. The protein panel included total tau (T-tau), hyperphosphorylated tau 181 (P-tau181), amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ1-42), neurofilament light (NF-L), myelin basic protein (MBP), heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, and -10), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and -2). Immunochemical methods were utilized for quantification of the proteins in CSF and data analysis was performed with a multivariate discriminant algorithm. The concentrations of MBP, TIMP-1, P-tau181, NF-L, T-tau, MMP-9, Aβ1-42, and MMP-2 contributed the most to the separation between SVD and AD, with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 90% (AUC = 0.92). MBP and NF-L performed the best in discriminating SVD from controls, while T-tau and Aβ1-42 contributed the most in segregating AD from controls. The CSF biomarkers reflecting AD pathology (T-tau, P-tau181, and Aβ1-42), white matter lesions (NF-L and MBP) and matrix remodeling (MMP-9 and TIMP-1) perform well in differentiating between SVD and AD patients.
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| 58. |
- Bjerke, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrovascular Biomarker Profile Is Related to White Matter Disease and Ventricular Dilation in a LADIS Substudy.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra. - : S. Karger AG. - 1664-5464. ; 4:3, s. 385-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small vessel disease (SVD) represents a common often progressive condition in elderly people contributing to cognitive disability. The relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and imaging correlates of SVD was investigated, and the findings were hypothesized to be associated with a neuropsychological profile of SVD.
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| 59. |
- Bjerke, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Confounding factors influencing amyloid Beta concentration in cerebrospinal fluid.
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of Alzheimer's disease. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-0252. ; 2010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Patients afflicted with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit a decrease in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of the 42 amino acid form of beta-amyloid (Abeta(42)). However, a high discrepancy between different centers in measured Abeta(42) levels reduces the utility of this biomarker as a diagnostic tool and in monitoring the effect of disease modifying drugs. Preanalytical and analytical confounding factors were examined with respect to their effect on the measured Abeta(42) level. Methods. Aliquots of CSF samples were either treated differently prior to Abeta(42) measurement or analyzed using different commercially available xMAP or ELISA assays. Results. Confounding factors affecting CSF Abeta(42) levels were storage in different types of test tubes, dilution with detergent-containing buffer, plasma contamination, heat treatment, and the origin of the immunoassays used for quantification. Conclusion. In order to conduct multicenter studies, a standardized protocol to minimize preanalytical and analytical confounding factors is warranted.
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| 60. |
- Bjerke, Maria, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Subcortical vascular dementia biomarker pattern in mild cognitive impairment.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9824 .- 1420-8008. ; 28:4, s. 348-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an etiologically unclear disorder. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are potentially useful for the differentiation between various MCI etiologies. AIM: The aim of the study was to assess whether baseline CSF hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau), total tau (T-tau), amyloid beta 1-42 (Abeta(42)) and neurofilament light (NF-L) in patients with MCI could predict subcortical vascular dementia (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at follow-up. METHODS: Biomarker levels were assessed by Luminex xMAP technology and ELISA. RESULTS: Increased baseline concentrations of NF-L significantly separated MCI-SVD from stable MCI. The MCI-SVD patients were inseparable from stable MCI but separable from patients developing AD (MCI-AD) on the basis of Abeta(42,) T-tau and P-tau(181) levels. CONCLUSION: A combination of the biomarkers Abeta(42), T-tau, P-tau(181) and NF-L has the potential to improve the clinical separation of MCI-SVD patients from stable MCI and MCI-AD patients.
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