| 4441. |
- Mehta, Rohtesh S., et al.
(författare)
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GRFS and CRFS in alternative donor hematopoietic cell transplantation for pediatric patients with acute leukemia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Blood Advances. - : American Society of Hematology. - 2473-9529 .- 2473-9537. ; 3:9, s. 1441-1449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) (a composite end point of survival without grade III-IV acute GVHD [aGVHD], systemic therapy-requiring chronic GVHD [cGVHD], or relapse) and cGVHD-free relapse-free survival (CRFS) among pediatric patients with acute leukemia (n = 1613) who underwent transplantation with 1 antigen-mismatched (7/8) bone marrow (BM; n = 172) or umbilical cord blood (UCB; n = 1441). Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards models. To account for multiple testing, P < .01 for the donor/graft variable was considered statistically significant. Clinical characteristics were similar between UCB and 7/8 BM recipients, because most had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (62%), 64% received total body irradiation-based conditioning, and 60% received anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab. Methotrexate-based GVHD prophylaxis was more common with 7/8 BM (79%) than with UCB (15%), in which mycophenolate mofetil was commonly used. The univariate estimates of GRFS and CRFS were 22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16-29) and 27% (95% CI, 20-34), respectively, with 7/8 BM and 33% (95% CI, 31-36) and 38% (95% CI, 35-40), respectively, with UCB (P < .001). In multivariate analysis, 7/8 BM vs UCB had similar GRFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.12; 95% CI, 0.87-1.45; P = .39), CRFS (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.82-1.38; P = .66), overall survival (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.80-1.44; P = .66), and relapse (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.03-2.02; P = .03). However, the 7/8 BM group had a significantly higher risk for grade III-IV aGVHD (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.16-2.48; P = .006) compared with the UCB group. UCB and 7/8 BM groups had similar outcomes, as measured by GRFS and CRFS. However, given the higher risk for grade III-IV aGVHD, UCB might be preferred for patients lacking matched donors.
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| 4442. |
- Mehta, Vihang, et al.
(författare)
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A Spatially Resolved Analysis of Star Formation Burstiness by Comparing UV and Hα in Galaxies at z ∼ 1 with UVCANDELS
- 2023
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 952:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The UltraViolet imaging of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey Fields (UVCANDELS) program provides Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/UVIS F275W imaging for four CANDELS fields. We combine this UV imaging with existing HST/near-IR grism spectroscopy from 3D-HST+AGHAST to directly compare the resolved rest-frame UV and Hα emission for a sample of 979 galaxies at 0.7 < z < 1.5, spanning a range in stellar mass of 108−11.5M⊙. Using a stacking analysis, we perform a resolved comparison between homogenized maps of rest-UV and Hα to compute the average UV-to-Hα luminosity ratio (an indicator of burstiness in star formation) as a function of galactocentric radius. We find that galaxies below stellar mass of ∼109.5M⊙, at all radii, have a UV-to-Hα ratio higher than the equilibrium value expected from constant star formation, indicating a significant contribution from bursty star formation. Even for galaxies with stellar mass ≳109.5M⊙, the UV-to-Hα ratio is elevated toward their outskirts (R/Reff > 1.5), suggesting that bursty star formation is likely prevalent in the outskirts of even the most massive galaxies, but is likely overshadowed by their brighter cores. Furthermore, we present the UV-to-Hα ratio as a function of galaxy surface brightness, a proxy for stellar mass surface density, and find that regions below ∼107.5M⊙ kpc−2 are consistent with bursty star formation, regardless of their galaxy stellar mass, potentially suggesting that local star formation is independent of global galaxy properties at the smallest scales. Last, we find galaxies at z > 1.1 to have bursty star formation, regardless of radius or surface brightness.
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| 4443. |
- Mei, H., et al.
(författare)
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A Global Spectral Element Model for Poisson Equations and Advective Flow over a Sphere
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0256-1530 .- 1861-9533. ; 33:3, s. 377-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A global spherical Fourier-Legendre spectral element method is proposed to solve Poisson equations and advective flow over a sphere. In the meridional direction, Legendre polynomials are used and the region is divided into several elements. In order to avoid coordinate singularities at the north and south poles in the meridional direction, Legendre-Gauss-Radau points are chosen at the elements involving the two poles. Fourier polynomials are applied in the zonal direction for its periodicity, with only one element. Then, the partial differential equations are solved on the longitude-latitude meshes without coordinate transformation between spherical and Cartesian coordinates. For verification of the proposed method, a few Poisson equations and advective flows are tested. Firstly, the method is found to be valid for test cases with smooth solution. The results of the Poisson equations demonstrate that the present method exhibits high accuracy and exponential convergence. Highprecision solutions are also obtained with near negligible numerical diffusion during the time evolution for advective flow with smooth shape. Secondly, the results of advective flow with non-smooth shape and deformational flow are also shown to be reasonable and effective. As a result, the present method is proved to be capable of solving flow through different types of elements, and thereby a desirable method with reliability and high accuracy for solving partial differential equations over a sphere.
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| 4444. |
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| 4445. |
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| 4446. |
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| 4447. |
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| 4448. |
- Mellion, Michelle L., et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative Muscle Analysis in FSHD Using Whole-Body Fat-Referenced MRI Composite Scores for Longitudinal and Cross-sectional Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Neurology. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 99:9, s. E877-E889
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objectives Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a rare, debilitating disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness. MRI is a sensitive assessment of disease severity and progression. We developed a quantitative whole-body (WB) musculoskeletal MRI (WB-MSK-MRI) protocol analyzing muscles in their entirety. This study aimed to assess WB-MSK-MRI as a potential imaging biomarker providing reliable measurements of muscle health that capture disease heterogeneity and clinically meaningful composite assessments correlating with severity and more responsive to change in clinical trials. Methods Participants aged 18-65 years, with genetically confirmed FSHD1, clinical severity 2 to 4 (Ricci scale, range 0-5), and >= 1 short tau inversion recovery-positive lower extremity muscle eligible for needle biopsy, enrolled at 6 sites and were imaged twice 4-12 weeks apart. Volumetric analysis of muscle fat infiltration (MFI), muscle fat fraction (MFF), and lean muscle volume (LMV) in 18 (36 total) muscles from bilateral shoulder, proximal arm, trunk, and legs was performed after automated atlas-based segmentation, followed by manual verification. A WB composite score, including muscles at highest risk for progression, and functional cross-sectional composites for correlation with relevant functional outcomes including timed up and go (TUG), FSHD-TUG, and reachable workspace (RWS), were developed. Results Seventeen participants enrolled in this study; 16 follow-up MRIs were performed at 52 days (range 36-85 days). Functional cross-sectional composites (MFF and MFI) showed moderate to strong correlations: TUG (rho = 0.71, rho = 0.83), FSHD-TUG (rho = 0.73, rho = 0.73), and RWS (left arm: rho = -0.71, rho = -0.53; right arm: rho = -0.61, rho = -0.65). WB composite variability: LMVtot, coefficient of variation (CV) 1.9% and 3.4%; MFFtot, within-subject SD (S-w) 0.5% and 1.5%; and MFItot (S-w), 0.3% and 0.4% for normal and intermediate muscles, respectively. CV and S-w were higher in intermediate (MFI >= 0.10; MFF <0.50) than in normal (MFI <0.10, MFF <0.50) muscles. Discussion We developed a WB-MSK-MRI protocol and composite measures that capture disease heterogeneity and assess muscle involvement as it correlates with FSHD-relevant clinical endpoints. Functional composites robustly correlate with functional assessments. Stability of the WB composite shows that it could be an assessment of change in therapeutic clinical trials. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class II evidence that quantitative WB-MSK-MRI findings associate with FSHD1 severity measured using established functional assessments.
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| 4449. |
- Méndez-Reséndiz, Abraham, et al.
(författare)
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Highly crystalline selectively oxidized graphene for supercapacitors
- 2023
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Ingår i: FlatChem. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-2627. ; 38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Graphene oxide (GO) is usually regarded as a graphene precursor for scalable synthesis, mainly due to its aqueous processability from introducing oxygen functionalities. Nevertheless, the precise control of graphene's oxidation degree to obtain a good balance between dispersion stability and crystallinity remains challenging. This study describes a simple and practical approach to synthesize a new graphene-based material called selectively oxidized graphene (SOG), which combines the advantages of graphene and GO. SOG shows water stability of −36.2 mV, a C/O ratio of 5.2, and most importantly, a very high crystallinity degree, with an ID/IG of 0.414. The synthesized SOG exhibits an ultra-low optical band gap of 0.04 eV, 75 times lower than GO. Moreover, the electrical resistance, 1.12 KΩ/sq is nine orders of magnitude smaller than GO. Additionally, it also shows promising 3-electrode capacitance with an improvement above 400 % compared to exfoliated graphene. A Swagelok-based supercapacitor was fabricated to analyze the feasibility of SOG for energy storage applications, which exhibited remarkable characteristics such as ∼ 93F g−1 capacitance and ∼ 99.8 % retention after 10,000 cycles. The characteristics of SOG ensure that this new material is promising for applications in organic electronics.
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| 4450. |
- Méndez-Romero, Ulises A., et al.
(författare)
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Functionalized reduced graphene oxide with tunable band gap and good solubility in organic solvents
- 2019
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Ingår i: Carbon. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-6223. ; 146, s. 491-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The materials intended for organic photovoltaics and organic electronics require specific properties, such as conjugation along backbones, good solubility in organic solvents and a suitable band gap. Graphene oxide holds a high indirect optical band gap of 3 eV and a hydrophilic behavior. However, based on the fact that the graphene oxide band gap is related to the C/O ratio, chemical reduction and functionalization must be performed to obtain the proper characteristics that are required for organic applications. Here an efficient approach for chemically modified graphene oxide as a low-cost alternative for organic semiconductor materials was developed. The two synthesized materials (functionalized reduced graphene oxide and functionalized reduced graphene oxide decorated with silver nanoparticles) exhibited a 65% and 52% band gap decrease respectively, compared to graphene oxide. Moreover, both materials were soluble in organic solvents at high concentrations [10 mg mL −1 ], turning them suitable for many applications, including organic electronics, with the additional advantage of being a solution process avoiding restacking of layers.
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