| 1861. |
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| 1862. |
- Lu, Lu, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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MEPicides : α,β-Unsaturated Fosmidomycin N-acyl Analogsas inhibitors that selectively target DXR from Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest causative parasite of human Malaria
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Fosmidomycin and FR-9000098 have been confirmed to show parasiticidal activity against Plasmodium falciparum, targeting DXR involved in the MEP pathway. We designed a construct of PfDXR that has successfully been overexpressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) C43, and purified by IMAC and SEC, with the final yield of 1.2 mg/ 8 L culture. PfDXR was concentrated to 20 mg/ml, and co-crystallized with previously tested inhibitors in the FR-9000098 scaffold in the presence of Mn2+. Three FR-9000098 analogues with double-bonded Ca-Cband/or a phenyl ring with various lengths to N1, showed inhibitory activities with IC50s roughly 50 nM. Three crystals were in triclinic P1space group, with similar dimensions in the unit cell (51Å, 56Å, 86Å, 103°, 103°, 101°). All four complex structures have been crystallographically determined at resolutions in the range 1.86 Å, 2.45 Å, 2.13Å, 2.05 Å. Given the high similarity in structures, the initial phases were determined by rigid body refinement with search model PfDXR-FN3 complex, followed by restrained refinement in refmac5. Subsequently, the ligands and surrounding amino acid residues were manually rebuilt with theqdstools in O. the Ca-Cbbonds of the three ligands were altered from a single to double bond based on the structure of FR9000098. In addition, two ligands were extended at the Cdwith a phenyl group, and with the benzyl group connected by two carbons. N-terminal NADPH binding domains from four complexes undergo minor rigid body movement, and more details of conformational changes in the flap region are discussed.
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| 1863. |
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| 1864. |
- Lu, Shaoping, et al.
(author)
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A passive RFID tag-based locating and navigating approach for automated guided vehicle
- 2018
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In: Computers & industrial engineering. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0360-8352 .- 1879-0550. ; 125, s. 628-636
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This research is motivated by the industrial applications of Cyber-physical System (CPS) such as smart warehouse and intelligent manufacturing which require the support of AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle). One of the key research is locating and navigating approach that should be with much flexibility for dealing with complex industrial applications. This paper takes a passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag-based locating and navigating approach for AGV to examine the influences of tags, antennas, and environmental aspects. The approach was validated and a prototype system was built up. Several key observations are significant from the implementation and simulation study. Firstly, it is observed that adding angle reflector could eliminate the back lobe and restrain backward reflection. Secondly, RFID antenna center and the tag center should be designed at the same height could reduce the impact area of reflection. Lessons and insights from this study will be significant for industrial practitioners to implement AGVs in smart warehouse and manufacturing management.
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| 1865. |
- Lu, S., et al.
(author)
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A RFID-enabled positioning system in automated guided vehicle for smart factories
- 2017
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In: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 44, s. 179-190
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Smart factory, as one of key future for our industry, requires logistics automation within a manufacturing site such as a shop floor. Automated guided vehicle (AGV) systems may be one solution, whose accuracy will be influenced by some factors. This paper presents a radio frequency identification (RFID)-enabled positioning system in AGV for smart factory. Key impact factors on AGV's accuracy such as magnetic field in circular antenna, circular magnetic field, and circular contours stability are examined quantitatively. Based on the examinations, simulation studies and a testbed are carried out to evaluate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed approach. It is observed that large diameter antennas are used in driving zone and small diameter antennas are used in parking zone. This approach was compared with another method using passive RFID tags and it is superior to that method with greatly reduced tags’ deployment. Observations and lessons from simulation and testbed studies could be used for guiding automatic logistics within a smart manufacturing shop floor.
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| 1866. |
- Lu, Xin, et al.
(author)
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A generic and modularized Digital twin enabled human-robot collaboration
- 2022
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In: Proceedings 2022 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering ICEBE 2022. - : IEEE. - 9781665492447 - 9781665492454 ; , s. 66-73
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently, the manufacturing paradigm shifts from mass production to mass customization, which results in urgently demands for the development of intelligent, flexible and automatic manufacturing systems for handling complex manufacturing tasks with high efficiency. The use of collaborative robots, an essential enabling technology for developing human-robot collaboration (HRC), is on the rise for human-centric intelligent automation design. An effective virtual simulation platform, which can continuously simulate and evaluate HRC performance in different working scenarios, is lacking in developing an HRC system in a sophisticated industrial arena. This paper presents a generic and modularized digital twin enabled HRC framework based on the synergy effect of human, robotic and environment-related factors to provide a flexible, compatible, re-configurable solution to ease the implementation of HRC in the real world. The feasibility of the proposed framework is validated through the practical implementation of a food packaging job, which involves a human operator and an ABB robotic arm collaboratively working together, on an industrial shop.
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| 1867. |
- Lu, Yuqian, et al.
(author)
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Outlook on human-centric manufacturing towards Industry 5.0
- 2022
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In: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 62, s. 612-627
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The recent shift to wellbeing, sustainability, and resilience under Industry 5.0 has prompted formal discussions that manufacturing should be human-centric - placing the wellbeing of industry workers at the center of manufacturing processes, instead of system-centric - only driven by efficiency and quality improvement and cost reduction. However, there is a lack of shared understanding of the essence of human-centric manufacturing, though significant research efforts exist in enhancing the physical and cognitive wellbeing of operators. Therefore, this position paper presents our arguments on the concept, needs, reference model, enabling technologies and system frameworks of human-centric manufacturing, providing a relatable vision and research agenda for future work in human-centric manufacturing systems. We believe human-centric manufacturing should ultimately address human needs defined in an Industrial Human Needs Pyramid - from basic needs of safety and health to the highest level of esteem and self-actualization. In parallel, human-machine relationships will change following a 5C evolution map - from current Coexistence, Cooperation and Collaboration to future Compassion and Coevolution. As such, human-centric manufacturing systems need to have bi-directional empathy, proactive communication and collaborative intelligence for establishing trustworthy human-machine coevolution relationships, thereby leading to high-performance human-machine teams. It is suggested that future research focus should be on developing transparent, trustworthy and quantifiable technologies that provide a rewarding working environment driven by real-world needs.
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| 1868. |
- Lu, Yuqian, et al.
(author)
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Smart manufacturing process and system automation - A critical review of the standards and envisioned scenarios
- 2020
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In: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 56, s. 312-325
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Smart manufacturing is arriving. It promises a future of mass-producing highly personalized products via responsive autonomous manufacturing operations at a competitive cost. Of utmost importance, smart manufacturing requires end-to-end integration of intra-business and inter-business manufacturing processes and systems. Such end-to-end integration relies on standards-compliant and interoperable interfaces between different manufacturing stages and systems. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the current landscape of manufacturing automation standards, with a focus on end-to-end integrated manufacturing processes and systems towards mass personalization and responsive factory automation. First, we present an authentic vision of smart manufacturing and the unique needs for next-generation manufacturing automation. A comprehensive review of existing standards for enabling manufacturing process automation and manufacturing system automation is presented. Subsequently, focusing on meeting changing demands of efficient production of highly personalized products, we detail several future-proofing manufacturing automation scenarios via integrating various existing standards. We believe that existing automation standards have provided a solid foundation for developing smart manufacturing solutions. Faster, broader and deeper implementation of smart manufacturing automation can be anticipated via the dissemination, adoption, and improvement of relevant standards in a need-driven approach.
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| 1869. |
- Luo, Cheng, et al.
(author)
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Molecular inhibition mechanisms of cell migration and invasion by coix polysaccharides in A549 NSCLC cells via targeting S100A4
- 2017
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In: Molecular Medicine Reports. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1791-2997 .- 1791-3004. ; 15:1, s. 309-316
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) promotes extracellular signal transduction, intercellular adhesion, motility and mobility. Different extracts from Coix lachryma-jobi have been used for the treatment of various types of cancer in Asia. In our previous study, the polysaccharide fraction extact, CP1, induced cell apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells. In the current study, CP1 inhibited migration and invasion of A549 cells in a scratch wound healing assay and matrigel invasion assay, respectively. Furthermore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting demonstrated that CP1 downregulated the gene and protein expression levels of SI00A4. In silico docking analysis demonstrated that polysaccharides may not interfere with dimerization, whereas, the affinity of polysaccharides for an S100A4-NMIIA pocket was margnially greater than at the dimerization sites. Thus, CP1 inhibited A549 cell migration and invasion potentially via downregulation of S100A4, and may also interact with the binding site of S100A4-NMIIA, which indicated that CP1 has potential as an alternative cancer chemotherapeutic by targeting S100A4.
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| 1870. |
- Luo, Kai, et al.
(author)
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Acute Effects of Nitrogen Dioxide on Cardiovascular Mortality in Beijing : An Exploration of Spatial Heterogeneity and the District-specific Predictors
- 2016
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In: Scientific Reports. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 6:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The exploration of spatial variation and predictors of the effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on fatal health outcomes is still sparse. In a multilevel case-crossover study in Beijing, China, we used mixed Cox proportional hazard model to examine the citywide effects and conditional logistic regression to evaluate the district-specific effects of NO2 on cardiovascular mortality. District-specific predictors that could be related to the spatial pattern of NO2 effects were examined by robust regression models. We found that a 10 μg/m(3) increase in daily mean NO2 concentration was associated with a 1.89% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-2.45%], 2.07% (95% CI: 1.23-2.91%) and 1.95% (95% CI: 1.16-2.72%) increase in daily total cardiovascular (lag03), cerebrovascular (lag03) and ischemic heart disease (lag02) mortality, respectively. For spatial variation of NO2 effects across 16 districts, significant effects were only observed in 5, 4 and 2 districts for the above three outcomes, respectively. Generally, NO2 was likely having greater adverse effects on districts with larger population, higher consumption of coal and more civilian vehicles. Our results suggested independent and spatially varied effects of NO2 on total and subcategory cardiovascular mortalities. The identification of districts with higher risk can provide important insights for reducing NO2 related health hazards.
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