| 21. |
- Foka, Anna, 1981-, et al.
(author)
-
Introduction to the DHQ Special Issue : Digital Technology in the Study of the Past
- 2018
-
In: Digital Humanities Quarterly. - Boston : Alliance for Digital Humanities Organisations. - 1938-4122. ; 12:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digital technology is transforming the assemblage and dissemination of historical information. Museums, libraries, archives, and universities increasingly modify their digital research infrastructures in order to make data open and available (see [Crane, Seales, and Terras 2009]; [Smithies 2014]; [Terras, Nyhan, and Vanhoutte 2013]; cf [Foka et al. 2017]). The imminent assessment and representation of historical data has admittedly challenged the boundaries of historical knowledge and generated new research questions [Drucker 2013] [Nygren, Foka, and Buckland 2014] #nygren2016 [Westin 2014] #westin2015[Chapman, Foka, and Westin 2016] [Foka and Arvidsson 2016]. The process of reconstructing, visualizing and rendering historical data has equally developed together with technology [Westin, Foka, and Chapman 2018]. This is the case in both academic and heritage contexts and in less immediately obvious popular uses, such as the increasingly significant presence and use of history within video games [Chapman 2016]. Regardless of specific context, as this collection of articles shows, the process of digitally capturing and representing historical data is often analogous to and determined by the digital platform used.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Foka, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Introduction to the DHQ Special Issue: Digital Technology in the Study of the Past
- 2018
-
In: Digital Humanities Quarterly. - 1938-4122. ; 12:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Digital technology is transforming the assemblage and dissemination of historical information. Museums, libraries, archives, and universities increasingly modify their digital research infrastructures in order to make data open and available. The imminent assessment and representation of historical data has admittedly challenged the boundaries of historical knowledge and generated new research questions. The process of reconstructing, visualizing and rendering historical data has equally developed together with technology. This is the case in both academic and heritage contexts and in less immediatedly obvious popular uses, such as the increasingly significant presence and use of history within videogames. Regardless of specific context, as this collection of articles shows, the process of digitally capturing and representing historical data is often analogous to and determined by the digital platform used.
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| 24. |
- Fredriksson, Anna, 1979-, et al.
(author)
-
Hur taktisk planering kan underlätta resursplanering i byggbranschen – Processer och IT-verktyg
- 2017
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med denna artikel är att visa på hur resurser inom byggföretag kan planeras på taktisk nivå med hjälp av optimeringsverktyg. Den rådande högkonjunkturen i Sverige med högre efterfrågan från beställare än vad byggentreprenörerna kan levererar måste entreprenörerna aktivt välja vilka projekt man ska gå in med anbud på. Beslutet måste vara välgrundat på information gällande efterfrågade projekt, tillgängliga resurser och potentiell vinstmarginal på projekten. Det är här taktisk planering kommer in genom att balansera potentiella projekt med den kapacitet byggföretaget har för att kunna gå in med anbud på de projekt som genererar högst vinstmarginal. Genom att studera två byggföretag (NCC och Arcona) presenteras processer och IT-verktyg för taktisk planering inom bygg. I NCC:s fall har fokus legat på att skapa sammanhållna processer och IT-verktyg för att hämta in data om framtida projekt och aktivt välja rätt projekt baserat på vilka reseurs dessa kräver, vilken kapacitet man har tillgängliga när projektet startar och vad vinstmarginalen blir. I Arconas fall har fokus legat på att skapa sammanhållna processer och IT-verktyg för att balanser aktiviteter och materialbehov genom hela byggprojektet. På så sätt kan man i framtiden bättre planera behovet av kapacitet i deras nyutvecklade terminallösning baserat på hur mycket material som kan tänkas flöda genom den mht framtida projekt. Resultatet från studien visar på behovet av taktisk planering bland byggföretagen och hur den planeringen agerar som en länk mellan strategiska beslut och operativt arbete. Detta är ett viktigt bidrag för byggföretagen då de har beslutsstöd för att kunna fatta ett välgrundat beslut på vilka projekt man ska gå in med anbud på.
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| 25. |
- Gerhardt, Karin, et al.
(author)
-
Kunskapssammanställning
- 2018
-
In: Övergångszoner mellan skogsoch jordbruksmark : ett samverkansprojekt inom miljömålsrådet 2017. ; :2018:14, s. 55-85
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 26. |
- Germovsek, Eva, et al.
(author)
-
A Time-to-Event Model Relating Integrated Craving to Risk of Smoking Relapse Across Different Nicotine Replacement Therapy Formulations
- 2021
-
In: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0009-9236 .- 1532-6535. ; 109:2, s. 416-423
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Smoking increases the risk of cancer and other diseases, causing an estimated 7 million deaths per year. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) reduces craving for smoking, therefore, increasing an individual's probability to remain abstinent. In this work, we for the first time quantitatively described the relationship between craving and smoking abstinence, using retrospectively collected data from 19 studies, including 3 NRT formulations (inhaler, mouth spray, and patch) and a combination of inhaler and patch. Smokers motivated to quit were included in the NRT or placebo arms. Integrated craving (i.e., craving over a period of time) was assessed with 4-category, 5-category, or 100-mm visual analogue scale. The bounded integer model was used to assess latent craving from all scales. A time-to-event model linked predicted integrated craving to the hazard of smoking relapse. Available data included 9,323 adult subjects, observed for 3 weeks up to 2 years. At the study end, 9% (11% for NRT and 5% for placebo), on average, remained abstinent according to the protocol definition. A Gompertz-Makeham hazard best described the data, with a hazard of smoking relapse decreasing over time. Latent integrated craving was positively related to the hazard of smoking relapse, through a sigmoidal maximum effect function. For the same craving, being on NRT was found to reduce the hazard of relapse by an additional 30% compared with placebo. This work confirmed that low craving is associated with a high probability of remaining smoking abstinent and that NRT, in addition to reducing craving, increases the probability of remaining smoking abstinent.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Germovsek, Eva, et al.
(author)
-
Relating Nicotine Plasma Concentration to Momentary Craving Across Four Nicotine Replacement Therapy Formulations
- 2020
-
In: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : WILEY. - 0009-9236 .- 1532-6535. ; 107:1, s. 238-245
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tobacco use is a major health concern. To assist smoking cessation, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is used to reduce nicotine craving. We quantitatively described the relationship between nicotine pharmacokinetics (PKs) from NRTs and momentary craving, linking two different pharmacodynamic (PD) scales for measuring craving. The dataset comprised retrospective data from 17 clinical studies and included 1,077 adult smokers with 39,802 craving observations from four formulations: lozenge, gum, mouth spray, and patch. A PK/PD model was developed that linked individual predicted nicotine concentrations with the categorical and visual analogue PD scales through a joint bounded integer model. A maximum effect model, accounting for acute tolerance development, successfully related nicotine concentrations to momentary craving. Results showed that all formulations were similarly effective in reducing craving, albeit with a fourfold lower potency for the patch. Women were found to have a higher maximal effect of nicotine to reduce craving, compared with men.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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