| 11. |
- Bos, I., et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration, synaptic integrity, and astroglial activation across the clinical Alzheimer's disease spectrum
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alzheimers & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 15:5, s. 644-654
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: We investigated relations between amyloid-beta (A beta) status, apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4, and cognition, with cerebrospinal fluid markers of neurogranin (Ng), neurofilament light (NFL), YKL-40, and total tau (T-tau). Methods: We included 770 individuals with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-type dementia from the EMIF-AD Multimodal Biomarker Discovery study. We tested the association of Ng, NFL, YKL-40, and T-tau with A beta status (Ab beta- vs. A beta+), clinical diagnosis APOE epsilon 4 carriership, baseline cognition, and change in cognition. Results: Ng and T-tau distinguished between A beta+ from A beta- individuals in each clinical group, whereas NFL and YKL-40 were associated with A beta+ in nondemented individuals only. APOE epsilon 4 carriership did not influence NFL, Ng, and YKL-40 in A beta+ individuals. NFL was the best predictor of cognitive decline in A beta+ individuals across the cognitive spectrum. Discussion: Axonal degeneration, synaptic dysfunction, astroglial activation, and altered tau metabolism are involved already in preclinical AD. NFL may be a useful prognostic marker. (C) 2019 the Alzheimer's Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 12. |
- Ladds, MJGW, et al.
(författare)
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Publisher Correction: A DHODH inhibitor increases p53 synthesis and enhances tumor cell killing by p53 degradation blockage
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1, s. 2071-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original PDF version of this Article listed the authors as “Marcus J.G.W. Ladds,” where it should have read “Marcus J. G. W. Ladds, Ingeborg M. M. van Leeuwen, Catherine J. Drummond et al.#”.Also in the PDF version, it was incorrectly stated that “Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to S. Lín.”, instead of the correct “Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to S. Laín.”This has been corrected in the PDF version of the Article. The HTML version was correct from the time of publication.
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| 16. |
- Romero, Gustavo Q., et al.
(författare)
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Climate variability and aridity modulate the role of leaf shelters for arthropods : A global experiment
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 28:11, s. 3694-3710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current climate change is disrupting biotic interactions and eroding biodiversity worldwide. However, species sensitive to aridity, high temperatures, and climate variability might find shelter in microclimatic refuges, such as leaf rolls built by arthropods. To explore how the importance of leaf shelters for terrestrial arthropods changes with latitude, elevation, and climate, we conducted a distributed experiment comparing arthropods in leaf rolls versus control leaves across 52 sites along an 11,790 km latitudinal gradient. We then probed the impact of short- versus long-term climatic impacts on roll use, by comparing the relative impact of conditions during the experiment versus average, baseline conditions at the site. Leaf shelters supported larger organisms and higher arthropod biomass and species diversity than non-rolled control leaves. However, the magnitude of the leaf rolls' effect differed between long- and short-term climate conditions, metrics (species richness, biomass, and body size), and trophic groups (predators vs. herbivores). The effect of leaf rolls on predator richness was influenced only by baseline climate, increasing in magnitude in regions experiencing increased long-term aridity, regardless of latitude, elevation, and weather during the experiment. This suggests that shelter use by predators may be innate, and thus, driven by natural selection. In contrast, the effect of leaf rolls on predator biomass and predator body size decreased with increasing temperature, and increased with increasing precipitation, respectively, during the experiment. The magnitude of shelter usage by herbivores increased with the abundance of predators and decreased with increasing temperature during the experiment. Taken together, these results highlight that leaf roll use may have both proximal and ultimate causes. Projected increases in climate variability and aridity are, therefore, likely to increase the importance of biotic refugia in mitigating the effects of climate change on species persistence.
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| 17. |
- Willis, S., et al.
(författare)
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The human cost of global fishing
- 2023
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X. ; 148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seafood is central to global protein and food security, and the livelihoods of millions worldwide. Yet the fishing sector is universally acknowledged as one of the most dangerous in the world (ILO, 1999). Conservative esti-mates over the past two decades have put the fatalities at between 24,000 and 32,000 a year - but these estimates are generally accepted to be significantly below the true figure. Emerging research by the FISH Safety Foundation reveals that fishing is even more dangerous than currently thought, with rates shown to be at least three to four times higher than currently accepted estimates. Beyond determining a more accurate mortality figure, the research also aimed to identify any contributing drivers to fisher fatalities. The research thus shows that fishing for the global community therefore comes at a staggeringly high cost of human life. This toll is most often paid by the most vulnerable communities around the globe, regardless of region, and their deaths are also less likely to be tracked or reported. Fishing is so dangerous - and affects the most marginalised - because people are often forced to take extraordinary risks to provide food for their families, communities, and world markets. Collective, in-ternational action is needed now to ensure fishing communities continue to provide sustainable, high-quality protein without such a staggering loss of life. While some reasons why fishing is so dangerous are difficult to tackle, others are tractable, including addressing data and reporting gaps and limitations, and international policy change.
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