| 41. |
- Yang, Hao, et al.
(författare)
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An Agent-based Model Study on Subsidy Fraud in Technological Transition
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICAART: Proceedings Of The 14Th International Conference On Agents And Artificial Intelligence - Vol 1. - : INSTICC. ; , s. 353-358
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evolution of a society is inextricably linked to technological transition, which is based on both innovation and dissemination of technologies. To protect the vulnerable new generation of technology, government subsidies are one of the most common and effective tools. However, not all subsidy policies can lead to a healthy development of market shares. Subsidy fraud is one of the most problematic issues that can arise under an imperfect system. This paper identifies an interesting subsidy fraud like phenomenon via a validated agent-based model. After analysing the mechanism of the transition of technology in the model, we drive the condition upon which subsidy fraud could occur.
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| 42. |
- Zhang, Chengquan, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-agent simulation of the effects of Japanese electricity market policies on the low-carbon transition
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energy Strategy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-467X .- 2211-4688. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Market policies play a crucial role in facilitating the transition to a low-carbon society by restructuring the electricity market and influencing stakeholder behavior. Policymakers are concerned with how to implement these policies in terms of their intensity, combination, and timing. However, existing research lacks effective simulation tools that can accurately capture the impact of market policies on individual decision-making in the electricity sector, which is essential to represent the complex impacts of the policy mix. To address this gap, we present an agent-based model for analyzing the Low Carbon Transition (LCT) in the electricity sector. Using the Japanese electricity sector as a case study, we design various subsidies, incentives, and liberalization policy scenarios to evaluate the role of market policies in facilitating LCT. We observed that, within the Feed-in Premium (FIP) system, above a subsidy threshold of 2 JPY/kWh or 20% of the electricity cost leads to overcompensation, resulting in a stagnation of LCT promotion. To address this stagnation, it is imperative to not only enhance demand-side incentives, such as carbon taxes but also expedite the advancement of the free trade market to prevent market-induced stagnation. A synergistic implementation of these three policies is crucial for the most efficient progression of LCT.
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| 43. |
- Zhu, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated Platelet Count Appears to Be Causally Associated with Increased Risk of Lung Cancer : A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 28:5, s. 935-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Platelets are a critical element in coagulation and inflammation, and activated platelets are linked to cancer risk through diverse mechanisms. However, a causal relationship between platelets and risk of lung cancer remains unclear. Methods: We performed single and combined multiple instrumental variable Mendelian randomization analysis by an inverse-weighted method, in addition to a series of sensitivity analyses. Summary data for associations between SNPs and platelet count are from a recent publication that included 48,666 Caucasian Europeans, and the International Lung Cancer Consortium and Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung data consisting of 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls to analyze associations between candidate SNPs and lung cancer risk. Results: Multiple instrumental variable analysis incorporating six SNPs showed a 62% increased risk of overall nonsmall cell lung cancer [NSCLC; OR, 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-2.27; P = 0.005] and a 200% increased risk for small-cell lung cancer (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.27-7.06; P = 0.01). Results showed only a trending association with NSCLC histologic subtypes, which may be due to insufficient sample size and/or weak effect size. A series of sensitivity analysis retained these findings. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a causal relationship between elevated platelet count and increased risk of lung cancer and provide evidence of possible antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention. Impact: These findings provide a better understanding of lung cancer etiology and potential evidence for antiplatelet interventions for lung cancer prevention.
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